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unityC#基础代码_using system.unityengine

作者：你好赵伟 | 2024-02-25 11:56:35

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using system.unityengine

unityc#基础

1.脚本作为行为组件

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ExampleBehaviourScript : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update()
    {
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.R))  //R键被按下
        {
            GetComponent<Renderer> ().material.color = Color.red;//颜色变为红色
        }
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.G))
        {
            GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = Color.green;
        }
        if (Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.B))
        {
            GetComponent<Renderer>().material.color = Color.blue;
        }
    }
}
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2.变量和函数

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class VariablesAndFunctions : MonoBehaviour
{   
    int myInt = 5;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        myInt = MultiplyByTwo(myInt); //调用函数
        Debug.Log (myInt);
    }
    
    
    int MultiplyByTwo (int number)
    {
        int ret;
        ret = number * 2;
        return ret;
    }
}
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3.惯例与句法

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class BasicSyntax : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start ()
    {
        Debug.Log(transform.position.x);
        
        if(transform.position.y <= 5f)
        {
            Debug.Log ("I'm about to hit the ground!");
        }
    }
}
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4.if语句

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class IfStatements : MonoBehaviour
{
    float coffeeTemperature = 85.0f;
    float hotLimitTemperature = 70.0f;
    float coldLimitTemperature = 40.0f;
    

    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space))
            TemperatureTest();
        
        coffeeTemperature -= Time.deltaTime * 5f;
    }
    
    
    void TemperatureTest ()
    {
        // If the coffee's temperature is greater than the hottest drinking temperature...
        if(coffeeTemperature > hotLimitTemperature)
        {
            // ... do this.
            print("Coffee is too hot.");
        }
        // If it isn't, but the coffee temperature is less than the coldest drinking temperature...
        else if(coffeeTemperature < coldLimitTemperature)
        {
            // ... do this.
            print("Coffee is too cold.");
        }
        // If it is neither of those then...
        else
        {
            // ... do this.
            print("Coffee is just right.");
        }
    }
}
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5.循环语句

for循环

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ForLoop : MonoBehaviour
{
    int numEnemies = 3;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < numEnemies; i++)
        {
            Debug.Log("Creating enemy number: " + i);
        }
    }
}
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while循环

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class WhileLoop : MonoBehaviour
{
    int cupsInTheSink = 4;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        while(cupsInTheSink > 0)
        {
            Debug.Log ("I've washed a cup!");
            cupsInTheSink--;
        }
    }
}
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dowhile循环

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DoWhileLoop : MonoBehaviour 
{
    void Start()
    {
        bool shouldContinue = false;
        
        do
        {
            print ("Hello World");
            
        }while(shouldContinue == true);
    }
}
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foreach循环

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ForeachLoop : MonoBehaviour 
{   
    void Start () 
    {
        string[] strings = new string[3];
        
        strings[0] = "First string";
        strings[1] = "Second string";
        strings[2] = "Third string";
        
        foreach(string item in strings)
        {
            print (item);
        }
    }
}
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6.Awake and Strart

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AwakeAndStart : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Awake ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Awake called.");
    }
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Start called.");
    }
}
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7.Update and FixedUpdate

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class UpdateAndFixedUpdate : MonoBehaviour
{
    void FixedUpdate ()
    {
        Debug.Log("FixedUpdate time :" + Time.deltaTime);
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Update time :" + Time.deltaTime);
    }
}
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8.Scope and Access Modifiers

ScopeAndAccessModifiers

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ScopeAndAccessModifiers : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int alpha = 5;
    
    
    private int beta = 0;
    private int gamma = 5;
    
    
    private AnotherClass myOtherClass;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        alpha = 29;
        
        myOtherClass = new AnotherClass();
        myOtherClass.FruitMachine(alpha, myOtherClass.apples);
    }
    
    
    void Example (int pens, int crayons)
    {
        int answer;
        answer = pens * crayons * alpha;
        Debug.Log(answer);
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Alpha is set to: " + alpha);
    }
}
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AnotherClass

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AnotherClass
{
    public int apples;
    public int bananas;
    
    
    private int stapler;
    private int sellotape;
    
    
    public void FruitMachine (int a, int b)
    {
        int answer;
        answer = a + b;
        Debug.Log("Fruit total: " + answer);
    }
    
    
    private void OfficeSort (int a, int b)
    {
        int answer;
        answer = a + b;
        Debug.Log("Office Supplies total: " + answer);
    }
}
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9.启用和禁用组件

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class EnableComponents : MonoBehaviour
{
    private Light myLight;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        myLight = GetComponent<Light>();
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            myLight.enabled = !myLight.enabled;
        }
    }
}
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10.平移和旋转`

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class TransformFunctions : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float moveSpeed = 10f;
    public float turnSpeed = 50f;
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.UpArrow))
            transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.DownArrow))
            transform.Translate(-Vector3.forward * moveSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.LeftArrow))
            transform.Rotate(Vector3.up, -turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
        
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.RightArrow))
            transform.Rotate(Vector3.up, turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime);
    }
}
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11.激活游戏对象

ActiveObjects

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ActiveObjects : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Start ()
    {
        gameObject.SetActive(false);
    }
}
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CheckState

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class CheckState : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject myObject;
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        Debug.Log("Active Self: " + myObject.activeSelf);
        Debug.Log("Active in Hierarchy" + myObject.activeInHierarchy);
    }
}
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12.Look At

CameraLookat

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class CameraLookAt : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Transform target;
    
    void Update ()
    {
        transform.LookAt(target);
    }
}
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13.Destroy

DestroyBasic

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DestroyBasic : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            Destroy(gameObject);
        }
    }
}
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DestroyOther

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DestroyOther : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject other;
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            Destroy(other);
        }
    }
}
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DestroyComponent

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DestroyComponent : MonoBehaviour
{
    void Update ()
    {
        if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space))
        {
            Destroy(GetComponent<MeshRenderer>());
        }
    }
}
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14.线性插值
在进行游戏时，有时可以在两个值之间进行线性插值。这是通过一个名为Lerp的函数完成的。线性插值是指在两个给定的值之间找到一个一定百分比的值。例如，我们可以在数字3和5之间进行线性插值，得到数字4，这是因为4是介于3和5之间的50%。

在联合中，有几个LERP函数可以用于不同的类型。对于我们刚才使用的例子，等效的是Mathf.Lerp函数，如下所示：

// In this case, result = 4
float result = Mathf.Lerp (3f, 5f, 0.5f);
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Lerp函数接受3个浮动参数：一个表示要插值的值，另一个表示要插值的值，最后一个浮点数表示插值的距离。在这种情况下，插值值为0.5，即50%。如果为0，则该函数将返回“FROM”值，如果为1时，该函数将返回“to”值。

Lerp函数的其他示例包括Col.Lerp和Vector3.Lerp。这些工作方式与Mathf.Lerp完全相同，但“From”和“to”值分别为Color和Vector 3类型。在每种情况下，第三个参数仍然是一个浮点数，表示要插值多少。这些函数的结果是找到一个颜色，它是两个给定颜色的混合，一个向量，是两个给定向量之间的某个百分比。

让我们看另一个例子：

Vector3 from = new Vector3 (1f, 2f, 3f);
Vector3 to = new Vector3 (5f, 6f, 7f);

// Here result = (4, 5, 6)
Vector3 result = Vector3.Lerp (from, to, 0.75f);

在这种情况下，结果是(4，5，6)，因为4是1到5之间的75%，5是2到6之间的75%，6是3到7之间的75%。

在使用Col.Lerp时也应用了相同的原理。在颜色结构中，颜色由代表红色、蓝色、绿色和α的4个浮标表示。当使用LERP时，这些浮点数就像Mathf.Lerp和Vector3.Lerp一样被内插。

在某些情况下，Lerp函数可以用来平滑随时间变化的值。考虑以下代码：

void Update ()
{
    light.intensity = Mathf.Lerp(light.intensity, 8f, 0.5f);
}
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如果光的强度从0开始，那么在第一次更新之后，它将被设置为4。下一帧将设置为6，然后设置为7，然后设置为7.5等等。因此，在几个帧，灯光强度将倾向于8，但其变化速度将放缓，因为它接近它的目标。注意，这发生在几个帧的过程中。如果我们希望它不依赖于帧速率，那么我们可以使用以下代码：

voidUpdate(){light.强度= Mathf.Lerp(光强，8f，0.5F * Time.deltaTime); }

void Update ()
{
light.intensity = Mathf.Lerp(light.intensity, 8f, 0.5f * Time.deltaTime);
}
强度的变化将发生在每秒而不是每帧。

请注意，当平滑一个值时，通常最好使用SmoothDamp函数。只有当你确信你想要的效果时，才使用LERP来平滑。

15.GetButton and GetKey

KeyInput

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class KeyInput : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GUITexture graphic;
    public Texture2D standard;
    public Texture2D downgfx;
    public Texture2D upgfx;
    public Texture2D heldgfx;
    
    void Start()
    {
        graphic.texture = standard;
    }
    
    void Update ()
    {
        bool down = Input.GetKeyDown(KeyCode.Space);
        bool held = Input.GetKey(KeyCode.Space);
        bool up = Input.GetKeyUp(KeyCode.Space);
        
        if(down)
        {
            graphic.texture = downgfx;
        }
        else if(held)
        {
            graphic.texture = heldgfx;
        }
        else if(up)
        {
            graphic.texture = upgfx;
        }
        else
        {
            graphic.texture = standard; 
        }
        
        guiText.text = " " + down + "\n " + held + "\n " + up;
    }
}
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ButtonInput

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class ButtonInput : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GUITexture graphic;
    public Texture2D standard;
    public Texture2D downgfx;
    public Texture2D upgfx;
    public Texture2D heldgfx;
    
    void Start()
    {
        graphic.texture = standard;
    }
    
    void Update ()
    {
        bool down = Input.GetButtonDown("Jump");
        bool held = Input.GetButton("Jump");
        bool up = Input.GetButtonUp("Jump");
        
        if(down)
        {
            graphic.texture = downgfx;
        }
        else if(held)
        {
            graphic.texture = heldgfx;
        }
        else if(up)
        {
            graphic.texture = upgfx;
        }
        else
        {
            graphic.texture = standard;
        }
    
        guiText.text = " " + down + "\n " + held + "\n " + up;
    }
}
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16.GetComponent

UsingOtherComponents

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class UsingOtherComponents : MonoBehaviour
{
    public GameObject otherGameObject;
    
    
    private AnotherScript anotherScript;
    private YetAnotherScript yetAnotherScript;
    private BoxCollider boxCol;
    
    
    void Awake ()
    {
        anotherScript = GetComponent<AnotherScript>();
        yetAnotherScript = otherGameObject.GetComponent<YetAnotherScript>();
        boxCol = otherGameObject.GetComponent<BoxCollider>();
    }
    
    
    void Start ()
    {
        boxCol.size = new Vector3(3,3,3);
        Debug.Log("The player's score is " + anotherScript.playerScore);
        Debug.Log("The player has died " + yetAnotherScript.numberOfPlayerDeaths + " times");
    }
}
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AnotherScript

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AnotherScript : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int playerScore = 9001;
}
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YetAnotherScript

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class YetAnotherScript : MonoBehaviour
{
    public int numberOfPlayerDeaths = 3;
}
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17.OnMouseDown
MouseClick

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class MouseClick : MonoBehaviour
{
    void OnMouseDown ()
    {
        rigidbody.AddForce(-transform.forward * 500f);
        rigidbody.useGravity = true;
    }
}


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18.GetAxis

AxisExample

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AxisExample : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float range;
    public GUIText textOutput;
    
    
    void Update () 
    {
        float h = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float xPos = h * range;
        
        transform.position = new Vector3(xPos, 2f, 0);
        textOutput.text = "Value Returned: "+h.ToString("F2");  
    }
}
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AxisRawExample

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class AxisRawExample : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float range;
    public GUIText textOutput;
    
    
    void Update () 
    {
        float h = Input.GetAxisRaw("Horizontal");
        float xPos = h * range;
        
        transform.position = new Vector3(xPos, 2f, 0);
        textOutput.text = "Value Returned: "+h.ToString("F2");  
    }
}


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DualAxisExample

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class DualAxisExample : MonoBehaviour 
{
    public float range;
    public GUIText textOutput;
    
    
    void Update () 
    {
        float h = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float v = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
        float xPos = h * range;
        float yPos = v * range;
        
        transform.position = new Vector3(xPos, yPos, 0);
        textOutput.text = "Horizontal Value Returned: "+h.ToString("F2")+"\nVertical Value Returned: "+v.ToString("F2");    
    }
}
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19.DeltaTime

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class UsingDeltaTime : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float speed = 8f; 
    public float countdown = 3.0f;

    
    void Update ()
    {
        countdown -= Time.deltaTime;
        if(countdown <= 0.0f)
            light.enabled = true;
        
         if(Input.GetKey(KeyCode.RightArrow))
            transform.position += new Vector3(speed * Time.deltaTime, 0.0f, 0.0f);
    }   
}
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20.Classes

SingleCharacterScript

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class SingleCharacterScript : MonoBehaviour
{
    public class Stuff
    {
        public int bullets;
        public int grenades;
        public int rockets;
        
        public Stuff(int bul, int gre, int roc)
        {
            bullets = bul;
            grenades = gre;
            rockets = roc;
        }
    }
    
    
    public Stuff myStuff = new Stuff(10, 7, 25);
    public float speed;
    public float turnSpeed;
    public Rigidbody bulletPrefab;
    public Transform firePosition;
    public float bulletSpeed;
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Movement();
        Shoot();
    }
    
    
    void Movement ()
    {
        float forwardMovement = Input.GetAxis("Vertical") * speed * Time.deltaTime;
        float turnMovement = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
        
        transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * forwardMovement);
        transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * turnMovement);
    }
    
    
    void Shoot ()
    {
        if(Input.GetButtonDown("Fire1") && myStuff.bullets > 0)
        {
            Rigidbody bulletInstance = Instantiate(bulletPrefab, firePosition.position, firePosition.rotation) as Rigidbody;
            bulletInstance.AddForce(firePosition.forward * bulletSpeed);
            myStuff.bullets--;
        }
    }
}

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Inventory

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Inventory : MonoBehaviour
{
    public class Stuff
    {
        public int bullets;
        public int grenades;
        public int rockets;
        public float fuel;
        
        public Stuff(int bul, int gre, int roc)
        {
            bullets = bul;
            grenades = gre;
            rockets = roc;
        }
        
        public Stuff(int bul, float fu)
        {
            bullets = bul;
            fuel = fu;
        }
        
        // Constructor
        public Stuff ()
        {
            bullets = 1;
            grenades = 1;
            rockets = 1;
        }
    }
    // Creating an Instance (an Object) of the Stuff class
    public Stuff myStuff = new Stuff(50, 5, 5);
    
    public Stuff myOtherStuff = new Stuff(50, 1.5f);
    
    void Start()
    {
        Debug.Log(myStuff.bullets); 
    }
}
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MovementControls

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class MovementControls : MonoBehaviour
{
    public float speed;
    public float turnSpeed;
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Movement();
    }
    
    
    void Movement ()
    {
        float forwardMovement = Input.GetAxis("Vertical") * speed * Time.deltaTime;
        float turnMovement = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal") * turnSpeed * Time.deltaTime;
        
        transform.Translate(Vector3.forward * forwardMovement);
        transform.Rotate(Vector3.up * turnMovement);
    }
}
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Shooting

using UnityEngine;
using System.Collections;

public class Shooting : MonoBehaviour
{
    public Rigidbody bulletPrefab;
    public Transform firePosition;
    public float bulletSpeed;
    
    
    private Inventory inventory;
    
    
    void Awake ()
    {
        inventory = GetComponent<Inventory>();
    }
    
    
    void Update ()
    {
        Shoot();
    }
    
    
    void Shoot ()
    {
        if(Input.GetButtonDown("Fire1") && inventory.myStuff.bullets > 0)
        {
            Rigidbody bulletInstance = Instantiate(bulletPrefab, firePosition.position, firePosition.rotation) as Rigidbody;
            bulletInstance.AddForce(firePosition.forward * bulletSpeed);
            inventory.myStuff.bullets--;
        }
    }
}
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