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HttpClient详解及如何设置忽略SSL_httpclient 忽略ssl

作者：你好赵伟 | 2024-04-19 10:29:03

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httpclient 忽略ssl

一、简介

HttpClient 是Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，可以用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。

HttpClient 是 Apache Jakarta Common 下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持 HTTP 协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持 HTTP 协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient 已经应用在很多的项目中，比如 Apache Jakarta 上很著名的另外两个开源项目 Cactus 和 HTMLUnit 都使用了 HttpClient。现在HttpClient最新版本为 HttpClient 4.5.x

  1. <dependency>
  2.     <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId>
  3.     <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId>
  4.     <version>4.5.6</version>
  5. </dependency>

二、基本功能

  1. 实现了所有 HTTP 的方法（GET,POST,PUT,HEAD 等）
  2. 支持自动转向
  3. 支持 HTTPS 协议
  4. 支持代理服务器等
  • 2.1 GET方法
  1.     /** 
  2.      * 发送 get请求 
  3.      */   
  4.     public void get() {   
  5.         CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
  6.         try {   
  7.             // 创建httpget.     
  8.             HttpGet httpget = new HttpGet("http://www.baidu.com/");   
  9.             System.out.println("executing request " + httpget.getURI());   
  10.             // 执行get请求.     
  11.             CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpget);   
  12.             try {   
  13.                 // 获取响应实体     
  14.                 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   
  15.                 System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
  16.                 // 打印响应状态     
  17.                 System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());   
  18.                 if (entity != null) {   
  19.                     // 打印响应内容长度     
  20.                     System.out.println("Response content length: " + entity.getContentLength());   
  21.                     // 打印响应内容     
  22.                     System.out.println("Response content: " + EntityUtils.toString(entity));   
  23.                 }   
  24.                 System.out.println("------------------------------------");   
  25.             } finally {   
  26.                 response.close();   
  27.             }   
  28.         } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {   
  29.             e.printStackTrace();   
  30.         } catch (ParseException e) {   
  31.             e.printStackTrace();   
  32.         } catch (IOException e) {   
  33.             e.printStackTrace();   
  34.         } finally {   
  35.             // 关闭连接,释放资源     
  36.             try {   
  37.                 httpclient.close();   
  38.             } catch (IOException e) {   
  39.                 e.printStackTrace();   
  40.             }   
  41.         }   
  42.     }
  • 2.2 POST方法
  1.     /** 
  2.      * 发送 post请求访问本地应用并根据传递参数不同返回不同结果 
  3.      */   
  4.     public void post() {   
  5.         // 创建默认的httpClient实例.     
  6.         CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.createDefault();   
  7.         // 创建httppost     
  8.         HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/myDemo/Ajax/serivceJ.action");   
  9.         // 创建参数队列     
  10.         List<NameValuePair> formparams = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();   
  11.         formparams.add(new BasicNameValuePair("type", "house"));   
  12.         UrlEncodedFormEntity uefEntity;   
  13.         try {   
  14.             uefEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(formparams, "UTF-8");   
  15.             httppost.setEntity(uefEntity);   
  16.             System.out.println("executing request " + httppost.getURI());   
  17.             CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);   
  18.             try {   
  19.                 HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();   
  20.                 if (entity != null) {   
  21.                     System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
  22.                     System.out.println("Response content: " + ntityUtils.toString(entity, "UTF-8"));   
  23.                     System.out.println("--------------------------------------");   
  24.                 }   
  25.             } finally {   
  26.                 response.close();   
  27.             }   
  28.         } catch (ClientProtocolException e) {   
  29.             e.printStackTrace();   
  30.         } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {   
  31.             e1.printStackTrace();   
  32.         } catch (IOException e) {   
  33.             e.printStackTrace();   
  34.         } finally {   
  35.             // 关闭连接,释放资源     
  36.             try {   
  37.                 httpclient.close();   
  38.             } catch (IOException e) {   
  39.                 e.printStackTrace();   
  40.             }   
  41.         }   
  42.     }

 

参考资料：

 https://www.kancloud.cn/longxuan/httpclient-arron/117499                                                         https://blog.csdn.net/xiaoxian8023                                                               https://blog.csdn.net/w372426096/article/details/82713315

三、常见问题之一：如何设置忽略SSL

有时我们需要访问一些采用Https安全协议的网站，我们可以定制SSL/TLS的方式来访问该网站，HttpClient是支持的。定制SSL/TLS下节记录。采用定制SSL/TLS的方式需要导出对应网站的证书，证书还有可能过期，需要重新导入，这时可以采用绕过证书的方式。当然，有的网站是Https但是浏览器还是显示不安全，就没办法导出证书，比如12306。

解决常见报错：

方式一：

  1. HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost("10.31.16.216",18103);
  2. CloseableHttpClient httpClient = HttpClients.custom()
  3.         .setProxy(proxy)
  4.         .setHostnameVerifier(new AllowAllHostnameVerifier())
  5.         .setSslcontext(new SSLContextBuilder().loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy()
  6.             {
  7.                 public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0, String arg1) throws CertificateException
  8.                 {
  9.                     return true;
  10.                 }
  11.             }).build()).build();
  12.  
  13.  
  14.  	HttpURLConnection configurator =new HttpURLConnection(null) {
  15. 		
  16. 		@Override
  17. 		public void connect() throws IOException {
  18. 			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  19. 			
  20. 		}
  21. 		
  22. 		@Override
  23. 		public boolean usingProxy() {
  24. 			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  25. 			return false;
  26. 		}
  27. 		
  28. 		@Override
  29. 		public void disconnect() {
  30. 			// TODO Auto-generated method stub
  31. 			
  32. 		}
  33. 	};
  34.  
  35. 	@PostConstruct
  36. 	public void init() throws Exception{
  37. 	RequestConfig httpConfig=RequestConfig.custom()
  38. 			.setExpectContinueEnabled(false)
  39. 			.setConnectionRequestTimeout(Integer.valueOf("configurator.getTransportConfig().getConnectionTimeout()"))
  40. 			.setConnectTimeout(Integer.valueOf("configurator.getTransportConfig().getConnectionTimeout()"))
  41. 	        .setSocketTimeout(Integer.valueOf("configurator.getTransportConfig().getsocketTimeout()"))
  42. 	        .build();
  43. 	SSLContext sslContextIgnore=SSLContexts.custom().loadTrustMaterial((cert,para)->true).build();
  44. 	//SSLContext sslContextIgnore=SSLContexts.custom().build();
  45. 	SSLConnectionSocketFactory 	socketFactoryIgnore=new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(sslContextIgnore,NoopHostnameVerifier.INSTANCE);
  46. 	
  47. 	HttpClient httpClient=	HttpClients.custom()
  48. 			.setDefaultRequestConfig(httpConfig)
  49. 			.setMaxConnPerRoute(Integer.valueOf("configurator.getTransportConfig().getPoolMmaxSizePerRoute()"))
  50. 			.setSSLContext(sslContextIgnore)
  51. 			.setSSLSocketFactory(socketFactoryIgnore)
  52. 			.build();
  53. 	}
  54. }

方式二：

  1.   SSLContextBuilder builder = new SSLContextBuilder();
  2.     builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustSelfSignedStrategy());
  3.     SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
  4.             builder.build());
  5.     CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(
  6.             sslsf).build();
  7.  
  8.     HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet("https://www.baidu.com");
  9.     CloseableHttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httpGet);
  10.     try {
  11.         System.out.println(response.getStatusLine());
  12.         HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
  13.         EntityUtils.consume(entity);
  14.     }
  15.     finally {
  16.         response.close();
  17.     }

方式三：

  1. SSLContextBuilder builder = SSLContexts.custom();
  2. builder.loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() {
  3.     @Override
  4.     public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType)
  5.             throws CertificateException {
  6.         return true;
  7.     }
  8. });
  9. SSLContext sslContext = builder.build();
  10. SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory(
  11.         sslContext, new X509HostnameVerifier() {
  12.             @Override
  13.             public void verify(String host, SSLSocket ssl)
  14.                     throws IOException {
  15.             }
  16.  
  17.             @Override
  18.             public void verify(String host, X509Certificate cert)
  19.                     throws SSLException {
  20.             }
  21.  
  22.             @Override
  23.             public void verify(String host, String[] cns,
  24.                     String[] subjectAlts) throws SSLException {
  25.             }
  26.  
  27.             @Override
  28.             public boolean verify(String s, SSLSession sslSession) {
  29.                 return true;
  30.             }
  31.         });
  32.  
  33. Registry<ConnectionSocketFactory> socketFactoryRegistry = RegistryBuilder
  34.         .<ConnectionSocketFactory> create().register("https", sslsf)
  35.         .build();
  36.  
  37. PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager cm = new PoolingHttpClientConnectionManager(
  38.         socketFactoryRegistry);
  39. CloseableHttpClient httpclient = HttpClients.custom()
  40.         .setConnectionManager(cm).build();

 

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