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前言
如何注册chatGPT,怎么和它交互,本文就不讲了;因为网上教程一大堆,而且你要使用的话,通常会再包一个算法服务,用来做一些数据训练和过滤处理之类的,业务服务基本不会直接与原生chatGPT交互。
而下面阐述的,就是业务服务与算法服务的交互。
想要一个类似与AI问答助手的机器人,可以实现根据某些场景对话提问的功能
重点是流式,这里我们预设算法侧已经有了一个流式返回的接口,整体的交互如下图所示
下面分别介绍几个关键节点的数据交互设计,仅供参考
简述:页面发送问答数据给业务服务端
{
"chatId": 233,
"question": "这篇论文有几个论点?"
}
这里需要注意就是,交互数据格式尽可能简单、易拓展,有些产品的页面交互设计的非常复杂,什么历史问答、角色信息之类的,套了一层又一层,其实很多都没必要的,这样前端组装起来也麻烦,也不利于数据的管理与后期功能的拓展。
简述:就是业务服务根据前端传来的问题和所属的对话框,把相应的上下文查询出来(甚至可以前端维护一个是否发送上下文的开关,更动态一点),包装成算法服务所需要的问题数据,发给它。
{
"chatId": 233,
"userName": "张三",
"messageKey": "0a795f6a-a029-435f-8d67-6f6f8e078cfe",
"message": "这篇论文有几个论点?",
"chatHistory": [
{
"messageKey": "0a795f6a-a029-435f-8d67-6f6f8e07dasd",
"question": "这篇论文的作者是谁",
"answer": "这篇论文的作者是李四博士。"
}
],
"callbackUrl": "http://xxx/chat/question/callback"
}
这两步不详述(主要我也不是研究算法模型的哈哈,不是很清楚细节)
我们只需要定义好a2返回的结果即可
简述:主要是算法侧返回给业务服务的同步的流式回答,同时还可能有异步的额外信息的回调(q2的callbackUrl来接收)。所以a2的返回结果分为两个response
response1:同步的流式回答,一般在2-7s内返回第一个字符
data: 这
data: 篇
data: 论
... // 省略一些输出
data: 几
data: 。
流式问答的规范可以参考:流式接口协议规范
response2:异步的拓展信息(可有可无)
{
"messageKey":"0a795f6a-a029-435f-8d67-6f6f8e078cfe", //必传 回调的消息key,每次问答唯一
"expand":{
"recommendedQuestions":[ // 推荐问题
"这篇论文的主要论点是什么?"
],
"originalIndex":[{
"sourceId":3432,
"text":"首先第一个论点是......",
"textIndex":90
}]
}
}
简述:a1要返回的格式很好理解,就是把a2中的两个response组合在一起,需要注意的有几点
event:messageKey // 消息key事件
data:0a795f6a-a029-435f-8d67-6f6f8e078cfe
event:answer // 流式回答开始事件
data:"在论文"
data:"中"
data:","
data:"我"
data:"们"
data:"一"
data:"共"
...
data:"几"
data:"个"
data:"论"
data:"点"
event:endTime
data:2024-02-27 17:05:24
event:expand // 拓展信息开始事件,此处等待15s超时
data:{"recommendedQuestions":["这篇论文的主要论点是什么"],"originalIndex":{"sourceId":32133,"text":"首先第一个论点是......","textIndex":90}}
代码省略了一些无关紧要的业务特有的部分,只保留通用的部分
工具类:SSEUtils,用来操作SSE客户端
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;
/**
* description
*
* @author luhui
* @date 2024/1/25
*/
@Slf4j
public class SSEUtils {
/**
* timeout 30min
*/
private static final Long DEFAULT_TIME_OUT = 30 * 60 * 1000L;
/**
* 订阅表
*/
private static final Map<String, EvaEmitter> EMITTER_MAP = new ConcurrentHashMap<>();
public static final String MSG_DATA_PREFIX = "data:";
public static final String MSG_EVENT_PREFIX = "event:";
/**
* description: 创建流
*
* @param messageKey 本次问答的消息key
* @return org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.SseEmitter
* @author luhui
* @date 2024/2/23 17:09
*/
public static EvaEmitter getEmitter(String messageKey) {
if (null == messageKey || "".equals(messageKey)) {
return null;
}
EvaEmitter emitter = EMITTER_MAP.get(messageKey);
if (null == emitter) {
emitter = new EvaEmitter(DEFAULT_TIME_OUT);
EMITTER_MAP.put(messageKey, emitter);
}
return emitter;
}
/**
* description: 发消息
*
* @param messageKey 本次问答的消息key
* @param msg 消息
* @author luhui
* @date 2024/2/23 17:09
*/
public static void pushMsg(String messageKey, String msg) throws IOException {
EvaEmitter emitter = EMITTER_MAP.get(messageKey);
if (null != emitter) {
emitter.send(EvaEmitter.event().data(msg));
}
}
public static void pushEvent(String messageKey, String eventDesc) throws IOException{
EvaEmitter emitter = EMITTER_MAP.get(messageKey);
if (null != emitter) {
emitter.send(EvaEmitter.event().name(eventDesc));
}
}
/**
* description: 关闭流
*
* @param messageKey 本次问答的消息key
* @author luhui
* @date 2024/2/23 17:08
*/
public static void closeEmitter(String messageKey) {
EvaEmitter emitter = EMITTER_MAP.get(messageKey);
if (null != emitter) {
try {
emitter.complete();
EMITTER_MAP.remove(messageKey);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}
工具类:SSEClient ,用来获取SSE流
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
/**
* description
*
* @author luhui
* @date 2024/1/25
*/
@Slf4j
public class SSEClient {
// timeout
public static Integer DEFAULT_TIME_OUT = 60 * 1000;
/**
* 获取SSE输入流
*/
public static InputStream getSseInputStream(String urlPath, JSONObject param, int timeoutMill) {
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
try {
urlConnection = getHttpURLConnection(urlPath, timeoutMill);
putData(urlConnection, param);
InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
return new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
/**
* 读流数据
*/
public static void readStream(InputStream is, MsgHandler msgHandler) throws IOException {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
try {
String line = "";
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
if ("".equals(line)) {
continue;
}
msgHandler.handleMsg(line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
// 目前这里抛出的显式异常来自与用户手动关闭的连接,此时服务端与算法端的连接也捕获并关闭,无需存储
} finally {
// 服务器端主动关闭时,客户端手动关闭
reader.close();
is.close();
}
}
private static HttpURLConnection getHttpURLConnection(String urlPath, int timeoutMill) throws IOException {
URL url = new URL(urlPath);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
urlConnection.setUseCaches(false);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=UTF-8");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("accept", "text/event-stream");
// 读过期时间
urlConnection.setReadTimeout(timeoutMill);
return urlConnection;
}
public static void putData(HttpURLConnection connection, JSONObject jsonStr) throws IOException {
byte[] writebytes = jsonStr.toJSONString().getBytes();
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(writebytes.length));
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
wr.write(jsonStr.toJSONString().getBytes());
wr.flush();
wr.close();
}
/**
* 消息处理接口
*/
public interface MsgHandler {
void handleMsg(String line) throws IOException;
}
}
工具类:EvaEmitter,用来封装一些流信息
import cn.hutool.core.date.DateTime;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiModelProperty;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.SseEmitter;
/**
* description EvaEmitter
*
* @author luhui
* @date 2024/02/22
*/
@Data
public class EvaEmitter extends SseEmitter {
public EvaEmitter(Long timeout) {
super(timeout);
}
@ApiModelProperty("版本id")
private Long versionId;
@ApiModelProperty("用户问题")
private String question;
@ApiModelProperty("唯一消息key")
private String messageKey;
@ApiModelProperty("当前用户")
private Long currentUid;
@ApiModelProperty("当前用户名")
private String currentUserName;
@ApiModelProperty("项目id")
private Long projectId;
@ApiModelProperty("ai回答")
private String aiAnswer;
@ApiModelProperty("拓展信息")
private JSONObject expand;
@ApiModelProperty("错误信息")
private JSONObject error;
@ApiModelProperty("提问开始时间")
private DateTime startTime;
public JSONObject getHistory() {
JSONObject history = new JSONObject();
history.put("question", question);
history.put("answer", aiAnswer);
history.put("expand", expand);
history.put("error", error);
return history;
}
}
具体的chat交互方法
String messageKey = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
EvaEmitter emitter = SSEUtils.getEmitter(messageKey);
emitter.setProjectId(111);
// 初始化相关字段
sseService.chatTransfer(messageKey);
@Async
@Override
public void chatTransfer(String messageKey) {
EvaEmitter emitter = SSEUtils.getEmitter(messageKey);
// 正式参数
JSONObject params = new JSONObject(true);
params.put("versionId", emitter.getVersionId().toString());
params.put("userName", emitter.getCurrentUserName());
params.put("messageKey", emitter.getMessageKey());
params.put("message", emitter.getQuestion());
params.put("chatHistory", chatHistoryService.getChatHistory(emitter));
params.put("callbackUrl", gateway + "/xxxchat/question/callback");
InputStream inputStream = SSEClient.getSseInputStream(aiChatUrl, params, SSEClient.DEFAULT_TIME_OUT);
try {
StringBuilder answer = new StringBuilder();
SSEUtils.pushEvent(messageKey, "messageKey");
SSEUtils.pushMsg(messageKey, messageKey);
SSEUtils.pushEvent(messageKey, "answer");
AtomicReference<Boolean> sdkError = new AtomicReference<>(false);
SSEClient.readStream(inputStream, line -> {
log.info("messageKey:{}, chatTransfer:{}", emitter.getMessageKey(), line);
String message = "";
if (sdkError.get()) {
String errorStr = line.split(SSEUtils.MSG_DATA_PREFIX)[1].trim();
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(errorStr)) {
// 做一些错误处理
message = "算法未知错误,请稍后再试";
emitter.setError(message);
}
} else if (line.contains(SSEUtils.MSG_DATA_PREFIX)) {
message = line.split(SSEUtils.MSG_DATA_PREFIX)[1].trim();
} else if (line.contains(SSEUtils.MSG_EVENT_PREFIX)) {
sdkError.set(true);
} else {
message = "";
}
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(message)) {
answer.append(message.replaceAll("\"", ""));
SSEUtils.pushMsg(messageKey, message);
}
});
emitter.setAiAnswer(answer.toString());
// 保存当前问答消息,自行实现
ChatHistoryEntity message = chatHistoryService.saveHistory(messageKey);
SSEUtils.pushEvent(messageKey, "endTime");
SSEUtils.pushMsg(messageKey, DateUtil.formatDateTime(message.getEndTime()));
SSEUtils.pushEvent(messageKey, "expand");
chatHistoryService.pushExpand(messageKey);
} catch (IllegalStateException | IOException e) {
log.error("pushMsg error, web端流已被关闭");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
// 消息发送完或者出现异常的话,存储当前的消息,然后关闭流
try {
chatHistoryService.saveHistory(messageKey);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
SSEUtils.closeEmitter(messageKey);
}
}
}
@Override
@Retryable(value = Exception.class, maxAttempts = 6, backoff = @Backoff(delay = 500, multiplier = 2))
public void pushExpand(String messageKey) throws IOException {
// 如果异步的拓展信息,即a2中的response2回调成功的话,会存储到这里
Object expandObj = redisService.hGet(RedisConstants.CHAT_AI_RECOMMENDED_QUESTIONS, messageKey);
if (expandObj == null) {
log.error("未获取到相关拓展信息, 稍后重试");
throw new RuntimeException("未获取到相关拓展信息");
} else {
JSONObject expand = JSONObject.parseObject(expandObj.toString());
EvaEmitter emitter = SSEUtils.getEmitter(messageKey);
emitter.setExpand(expand);
SSEUtils.pushMsg(messageKey, expand.toJSONString());
log.info("messageKey:{}, chatTransfer:{}", emitter.getMessageKey(), expand);
}
}
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