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C++常用正则表达式匹配_c++ 正则表达式匹配

作者：你好赵伟 | 2024-05-03 17:58:09

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c++ 正则表达式匹配

正则表达式在匹配字符串,验证输入合法性时经常用到.C++ 11标准库中已经支持了正则表达式.以下对于几个常用的验证进行实现,以体会C++正则表达式的用法.

注意:
在C++中,对于特殊字符,需要使用转义字符. 因此,匹配数字的\d,需要写成\d这种格式.
经典的三部曲匹配:
1.先写pattern. string pattern = {“XXXX”};
2.使用re. regex re(pattern);
3.match. bool rs = regex_match(mobile, re);
4.regex_match在匹配一次后即返回结果,如果期望进行多次匹配,需要用到regex_iterator.std::regex_iterator<std::string::iterator> rit(result.begin(), result.end(), re); 匹配结果的输出可以利用cmatch.regex_match(rit->str().c_str(), cm, re);这里面cm的内容与正则表达式pattern是对应匹配的. 具体可参考matchPriceInfo方法.

程序运行结果:
这里写图片描述

#ifndef _COMMON_REGEX_METHOD_H_
#define _COMMON_REGEX_METHOD_H_

#include <string>
#include <fstream>
#include <sstream>
using namespace std;

class CommonRegexMethod
{
public:
    static bool mobileMatchCheck(const string mobile);
    static bool idCardCheck(const string idCard);
    static bool emailCheck(const string email);
    static bool urlCheck(const string url);
    static bool ipV4Check(const string ipV4);
    static bool ipV6Check(const string ipV6);
    static bool creditCardCheck(const string creditCard);
    static bool passwordCheck(const string password);
    static void vagueSearch(const string* searchSpace, unsigned int searchSpaceLen, const string searchStr);
    static void matchPriceInfo(const char* fileName, const string pattern, const unsigned int numInPattern);
private:
    static ostringstream* readFileIntoString(const char* fileName);
    static bool convert(const char c, int &rs);
};

#endif // !_COMMON_REGEX_METHOD_H_
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#include "CommonRegexMethod.h"
#include <regex>
#include <iostream>

bool CommonRegexMethod::mobileMatchCheck(const string mobile)
{
    //中国移动：
    //  139、138、137、136、135、134、159、158、157、150、151、152、147(数据卡)、188、187、182、183、184、178
    //  移动网络制式： 2G GSM；3G TD - SCDMA；4G TDD - LTE
    //  中国联通：
    //  130、131、132、156、155、186、185、145(数据卡)、176
    //  联通网络制式： 2G GSM；3G WCDMA；4G FDD - LTE和TDD - LTE
    //  中国电信：
    //  133、153、189、180、181、177、173(待放)
    //注意\可以用来分行,但千万不要加空格
    //严格匹配两个字符用([x][x])|([y][y]),有几种可能中间可以用|
    //不能用(xx)|(yy)
    string pattern{ "(([8][6])|([\+][8][6])|([\(][8][6][\)])|([\(][\+][8][6][\)]))?\
1(([3][8])|([3][7])|([3][6])|([3][5])|([3][4])|([5][9])|([5][8])|([5][7])|([5][0])|\
([5][1])|([5][2])|([4][7])|([8][8])|([8][7])|([8][2])|([8][3])|([8][4])|([7][8])|\
([3][0])|([3][1])|([3][2])|([5][6])|([5][5])|([8][6])|([8][5])|([4][5])|([7][6])|\
([3][3])|([5][3])|([8][9])|([8][0])|([8][1])|([7][7])|([7][3]))\\d{8}" };
    regex re(pattern);
    bool rs = regex_match(mobile, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        cout << mobile <<" is the valid mobile phone number in CMCC/CU/CT" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << mobile << " is the invalid mobile phone number in CMCC/CU/CT" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::idCardCheck(const string idCard)
{
    const unsigned int weightArray[17] = { 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 7, 9, 10, 5, 8, 4, 2 };
    const unsigned int crcFlagArray[11] = { 1, 0, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2 };
    bool rs = false;
    string pattern = {"[1-9]\\d{5}(([1][9])|([2][0]))\\d{2}(([0][1])|([0][2])|([0][3])|\
([0][4])|([0][5])|([0][6])|([0][7])|([0][8])|([0][9])|([1][0])|([1][1])|([1][2]))\
[0-3]\\d{4}(([0-9])|(X)|(x))"};
    regex re(pattern);
    rs = regex_match(idCard, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        int convertRs = -1;
        unsigned int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < 17; i++)
        {
            rs = convert(idCard[i], convertRs);
            if (rs && (-1 != convertRs))
            {
                sum += convertRs*weightArray[i];
            }
            else
            {
                rs = false;
                break;
            }
        }
        unsigned int index = sum % 11;
        rs = convert(idCard[17], convertRs);
        if (!rs)
        {
            cout << idCard << " is the invalid 2nd idCard in China" << endl;
        }
        else
        {
            if (convertRs == crcFlagArray[index])
                cout << idCard << " is the valid 2nd idCard in China" << endl;
            else
                cout << idCard << " is the invalid 2nd idCard in China" << endl;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        cout << idCard << " is the invalid 2nd idCard in China" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::emailCheck(const string email)
{
    bool rs = false;
    string pattern = { "\\w+([-+.]\\w+)*@\\w+([-.]\\w+)*\\.\\w+([-.]\\w+)*" };  //C++中,\符号需要转义,因此写作两个\\符号
    regex re(pattern);
    rs = regex_match(email, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        cout << email << " is the valid email address" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << email << " is the invalid email address" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck(const string url)
{
    bool rs = false;
    string pattern = {"(([h][t][t][p][:][/][/])|([h][t][t][p][s][:][/][/]))?(\\w+)\\.((\\w+)|(.))*"};  //在括号内()[]的特殊字符,可以不用转义,也可以用转义.括号外的一定要转义
    regex re(pattern);
    rs = regex_match(url, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        cout << url << " is the valid url address" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << url << " is the invalid url address" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check(const string ipV4)
{
    bool rs = false;
    string pattern = {"((([0-9])|([1-9]\\d{1})|([1]\\d{2})|([2][0-4]\\d{1})|([2][5][0-5]))\\.){3}\
(([0-9])|([1-9]\\d{1})|([1]\\d{2})|([2][0-4]\\d{1})|([2][5][0-5]))"};
    regex re(pattern);
    rs = regex_match(ipV4, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        cout << ipV4 << " is the valid ipv4 address" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << ipV4 << " is the invalid ipv4 address" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check(const string ipV6)
{
    bool rs = false;
    string pattern = {"((([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){7}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){6}:[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){5}:([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:)?[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){4}:([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,2}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){3}:([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,3}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){2}:([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,4}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){6}((\\b((25[0-5])|(1\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(\\d{1,2}))\b)\.){3}(\\b((25[0-5])|\
(1\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(\\d{1,2}))\b))|\
(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,5}:((\\b((25[0-5])|(1\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(\\d{1,2}))\\b)\\.){3}(\\b((25[0-5])|\
(1\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(\\d{1,2}))\\b))|\
(::([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,5}((\\b((25[0-5])|(1\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(\\d{1,2}))\\b)\\.){3}(\\b((25[0-5])|\
(1\\d{2})|(2[0-4]\\d)|(\\d{1,2}))\\b))|\
([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}::([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,5}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|\
(::([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){0,6}[0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4})|(([0-9A-Fa-f]{1,4}:){1,7}:))"};
    regex re(pattern);
    rs = regex_match(ipV6, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        cout << ipV6 << " is the valid ipv6 address" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << ipV6 << " is the invalid ipv4 address" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck(const string creditCard)
{
    bool rs = false;
    string pattern = {"((4\\d{3})|(5[1-5]\\d{2})|(6011)|(62\\d{2}))-?\\d{4}-?\\d{4}-?\\d{4}|3[4,7]\\d{13}"};
    regex re(pattern);
    rs = regex_match(creditCard, re);
    if (rs)
    {
        cout << creditCard << " is the valid creditCard address" << endl;
    }
    else
    {
        cout << creditCard << " is the invalid creditCard address" << endl;
    }
    return rs;
}

bool CommonRegexMethod::passwordCheck(const string password)
{
    bool rs = false;
    unsigned int len = password.length();
    if ((len >= 6) && (len <= 16))
    {
        string pattern1 = { "(.*)[A-Z](.*)" };
        string pattern2 = { "(.*)[a-z](.*)" };
        string pattern3 = { "(.*)[0-9](.*)" };
        string pattern4 = { "(.*)[^A-Za-z0-9](.*)" };
        regex re(pattern1);
        rs = regex_match(password, re);
        if (rs)
        {
            regex re(pattern2);
            rs = regex_match(password, re);
            if (rs)
            {
                regex re(pattern3);
                rs = regex_match(password, re);
                if (rs)
                {
                    regex re(pattern4);
                    rs = regex_match(password, re);
                    if (rs)
                    {
                        rs = true;
                        cout << "password valid!" << endl;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        cout << "password invalid pattern4!" << endl;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    cout << "password invalid pattern3!" << endl;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                cout << "password invalid pattern2!" << endl;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            cout << "password invalid pattern1!" << endl;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        cout << "len invalid!" << endl;
    }

    return rs;
}

void CommonRegexMethod::vagueSearch(const string* searchSpace, unsigned int searchSpaceLen, const string searchStr)
{
    const string* oriPtr = searchSpace;
    bool rs = false;
    string prePattern = "(.*)" + searchStr + "(.*)";
    string pattern = { prePattern };
    regex re(pattern);
    for (unsigned int i = 0; i < searchSpaceLen; i++)
    {
        rs = regex_match(*searchSpace, re);
        if (rs)
        {
            cout << *searchSpace << " match the pattern:" << searchStr << endl;
        }
        searchSpace++;
    }
    searchSpace = oriPtr;
}

void CommonRegexMethod::matchPriceInfo(const char* fileName, const string pattern, const unsigned int numInPattern)
{
    ostringstream* buf = readFileIntoString(fileName);
    if (NULL != buf)
    {
        string result = buf->str();
        std::regex re(pattern);
        std::regex_iterator<std::string::iterator> rit(result.begin(), result.end(), re);
        std::regex_iterator<std::string::iterator> rend;

        while (rit != rend)
        {
            std::cmatch cm;
            regex_match(rit->str().c_str(), cm, re);
            for (int i = 0; i < cm.size(); i++)
            {
                std::cout << "CM:" << i << cm[i] << endl;
            }
            ++rit;
        }
    }
    else
    {

    }
    delete buf;
    buf = NULL;
    return;
}


ostringstream* CommonRegexMethod::readFileIntoString(const char* filename)
{
    ifstream fin;
    ostringstream *buf = NULL;
    fin.open(filename, ios::binary);
    if (fin.is_open())
    {   
        buf = new ostringstream();
        while (!fin.eof())
        {
            wchar_t wch;
            fin.read((char *)(&wch), 2);
            buf->put(wch);
        }
    }
    return buf;
}



bool CommonRegexMethod::convert(const char c, int &rs)
{
    bool result = true;
    switch (c)
    {
    case '0':
        rs = 0;
        break;
    case '1':
        rs = 1;
        break;
    case '2':
        rs = 2;
        break;
    case '3':
        rs = 3;
        break;
    case '4':
        rs = 4;
        break;
    case '5':
        rs = 5;
        break;
    case '6':
        rs = 6;
        break;
    case '7':
        rs = 7;
        break;
    case '8':
        rs = 8;
        break;
    case '9':
        rs = 9;
        break;
    case 'x':
    case 'X':
        rs = 10;
        break;
    default:
        result = false;
        break;
    }
    return result;
}
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部分测试代码如下:

void testRegex()
{
    CommonRegexMethod::emailCheck("jack.jack@163.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::emailCheck("123@456.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::emailCheck("_123@456.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::emailCheck("tiantian456.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::emailCheck("tiantian@456com");

    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("http://www.sina.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("https://www.sina.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("http://wwwm");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("http://wwwsina.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("wwwsina.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("www.sina.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("htp://www.sina.com");
    CommonRegexMethod::urlCheck("ht//www.sina.com");

    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("255");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("1");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("61");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("265");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("355");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("256");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("01");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("255.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("1.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("61.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("265.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("355.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("256.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("0.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("01.");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("255.255");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("1.1");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("61.61");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("265.265");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("355.355");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("256.256");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("0.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("01.01");

    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("255.255.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("355.255.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("55.255.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("255.25.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("0.255.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check(". . . .");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("什么情况?");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("255.2.5.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV4Check("1.25.35.0");


    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("ABCD:CDCD:FFEE:3232:EDED:FFFF:4353:1234");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("ABCD:CDCD:FYEE:3232:EDED:FFFF:4353:1234");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("8888::8:800:7777:4444");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("::FFFF:129.24.6.7");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("FEDC::7654:3210::BA98:7654:3210");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("FEDC:BA98:7654:3210");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("::");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("什么情况?");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("255.2.5.255.0");
    CommonRegexMethod::ipV6Check("1.25.35.0");

    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("4534343421211212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("5534343421211212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("8534343421211212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("6234343421211212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("343434342121112");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("453434342121112");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("55343434212311212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("853434342211212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("623433421211212");
    CommonRegexMethod::creditCardCheck("3434343421212112");
}
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