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因为hive是基于hadoop的,而我们已经部署好了hadoop,所以直接通过现有hadoop的镜像来封装hive的镜像。helm上也有可以直接使用的chart,但是版本可能和我们需要的不一样,所以还是自己封装比较好。
首先查一下我们的镜像,因为我的hadoop是用helm部署的,需要先明确一下。
sudo docker images |grep hadoop
用的是3.3.2版本,镜像名是farberg/apache-hadoop。
编写dockerfile如下:
FROM farberg/apache-hadoop:3.3.2 RUN rm -f /etc/localtime && ln -sv /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime && echo "Asia/Shanghai" > /etc/timezone RUN export LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8 RUN wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/hive/hive-3.1.3/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz ENV HIVE_VERSION 3.1.3 RUN tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz -C /opt/ && mv /opt/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin /opt/hive ENV HIVE_HOME=/opt/hive ENV PATH=$HIVE_HOME/bin:$PATH #这里mysql的jar包的版本要和后面部署的mysql一致 RUN wget https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/com/mysql/mysql-connector-j/8.0.32/mysql-connector-j-8.0.32.jar && mv mysql-connector-j-8.0.32.jar /opt/hive/lib/ WORKDIR /opt/ # Hdfs ports EXPOSE 50010 50020 50070 50075 50090 8020 9000 # Mapred ports EXPOSE 19888 #Yarn ports EXPOSE 8030 8031 8032 8033 8040 8042 8088 #Other ports EXPOSE 49707 2122
hive的镜像在这里下载比较快:
https://mirrors.aliyun.com/apache/
dockerfile编写好之后,通过以下命令构建镜像:
sudo docker build -t ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/cube-studio/hadoop-hive:v3.3.2-3.1.3 .
镜像构建后通过以下命令推送:
sudo docker push ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/cube-studio/hadoop-hive:v3.3.2-3.1.3
推送好之后,在cube studio平台上,新建一个pipeline,使用自定义镜像模板,填写镜像为ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/cube-studio/hadoop-hive:v3.3.2-3.1.3,debug,检查目录对不对,检查环境变量是否正确,在命令行输入hive命令,看是否能正常执行。
都正常则表明镜像是没问题的,可以进行下一步了。
这里之前写过了怎么在k8s部署mysql,所以直接用就可以了。文章链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39750084/article/details/136366800
apiVersion: v1 kind: ConfigMap metadata: name: hive-custom-config-cm labels: app: hive data: bootstrap.sh: |- #!/bin/bash cd /root/bootstrap # Apply custom config file context cp hive-site.xml $HIVE_HOME/conf/ cp core-site.xml $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/ cp yarn-site.xml $HADOOP_HOME/etc/hadoop/ # initSchema $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -test -e '/user/hive/warehouse' if [ ! $? -eq 0 ]; then $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /tmp $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -mkdir -p /user/hive/warehouse $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /tmp $HADOOP_HOME/bin/hadoop fs -chmod g+w /user/hive/warehouse $HIVE_HOME/bin/schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema --verbose & #等待初始化运行结束,否则会报错FAILED: HiveException java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.SessionHiveMetaStoreClient #若出现此报错,需要进入hive的pod中,手动执行命令hive --service metastore & sleep 10 fi $HIVE_HOME/bin/hiveserver2 & $HIVE_HOME/bin/hive --service metastore & cp $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-env.sh.template $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-env.sh && echo "export HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS=\"-Xmx512m -XX:MaxPermSize=1024m \$HADOOP_CLIENT_OPTS\"" >> $HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-env.sh # keep running sleep infinity hive-site.xml: |- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>hive.server2.enable.doAs</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>root</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>admin</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://mysql-service.infra:3306/metastore?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false</value> </property> <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </property> <property> <name>system:java.io.tmpdir</name> <value>/tmp</value> </property> <property> <name>system:user.name</name> <value>hive</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.server2.authentication</name> <value>NOSASL</value> </property> <!--设置HDFS地址--> <property> <name>fs.defaultFS</name> <value>hdfs://hadoop-hadoop-hdfs-nn.default:9000</value> </property> </configuration> core-site.xml: |- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>fs.defaultFS</name> <value>hdfs://hadoop-hadoop-hdfs-nn.default:9000</value> </property> </configuration> yarn-site.xml: |- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <!-- Site specific YARN configuration properties --> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name> <value>hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm-0.hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm.default</value> </property> </configuration>
deployment及service等:
apiVersion: apps/v1 kind: Deployment metadata: name: hive spec: replicas: 1 revisionHistoryLimit: 10 selector: matchLabels: app: hive template: metadata: labels: app: hive spec: containers: - name: hive image: ccr.ccs.tencentyun.com/cube-studio/hadoop-hive:v3.3.2-3.1.3 command: ["bash", "-c", "bash /root/bootstrap/bootstrap.sh"] ports: - containerPort: 10000 - containerPort: 10002 - containerPort: 9083 env: - name: HADOOP_CONF_DIR value: /opt/hadoop/etc/hadoop volumeMounts: - name: hive-custom-config-volume mountPath: /root/bootstrap readinessProbe: initialDelaySeconds: 20 periodSeconds: 5 tcpSocket: port: 10000 volumes: - name: hive-custom-config-volume configMap: name: hive-custom-config-cm --- kind: Service apiVersion: v1 metadata: labels: app: hive name: hive-service spec: ports: - port: 10000 targetPort: 10000 name: thrift - port: 10002 targetPort: 10002 name: webui - port: 9083 targetPort: 9083 name: metastore selector: app: hive type: NodePort
部署好之后,我们可以进pod查看一下hive的日志,像我碰到一个情况就是,hive能用,可以查数据库列表,表列表,但不能插入数据,看pod日志发现报错,重启pod时,再次初始化出现错误Error: Table ‘CTLGS‘ already exists (state=42S01,code=1050)
,需要进入mysql,删除metastore这个库,再重启hive的pod进行初始化。如果再次进入hive时,不能执行命令,报错java.lang.RuntimeException: Unable to instantiate org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Session
,表示metastore没重启成功,需要进入hive的pod手动执行一下hive --service metastore &
。
不能插入数据的问题,后来发现是没有配置hdfs的地址,在yaml里面加上这个配置就没问题了!必要的配置项一定不能漏掉!!不然就会出现本地能查到数据,但hdfs中查不到的情况,这样换一台机器就不能用了!
登录ui界面,可以验证是否成功。
java -version
验证已安装jdk,但没有设置JAVA_HOME,vi ~/.bashrc
,设置一下JAVA_HOME,export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-11-openjdk-amd64
,再source ~/.bashrc
让其生效,再次验证,jdk版本只能是8,如果是别的版本,记得更换;jdk最好是用java8,如果版本不对,可以先卸载,再安装正确的版本,再设置环境变量。如果不想总修改环境变量,那么设置/etc/profile比设置~/.bashrc更好。tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.3-bin.tar.gz
cd apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/conf
vi hive-site.xml
把下面的配置项粘到hive-site.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?> <?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="configuration.xsl"?> <configuration> <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.local</name> <value>false</value> </property> <property> <name>hive.metastore.uris</name> <value>thrift://hive-service.default:9083</value> </property> </configuration>
vi /etc/profile
export HIVE_HOME=/mnt/admin/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin
export HADOOP_HOME=/mnt/admin/hadoop-3.3.6
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-8-openjdk-amd64/jre
export HADOOP_CONF_DIR=/mnt/admin/hadoop-3.3.6/etc/hadoop
export PATH=$PATH::$HIVE_HOME/bin:$HADOOP_HOME/bin:$JAVA_HOME/bin
source /etc/profile
环境变量写在/etc/profile更好,因为~/.bashrc是临时的,重启一下pod就复原了,但/etc/profile是全局的,避免一直要重复设置。
<configuration> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name> <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.hostname</name> <value>hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm-0.hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm.default</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name> <value>hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm-0.hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm.default:8032</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name> <value>hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm-0.hadoop-hadoop-yarn-rm.default:8030</value> </property> <property> <name>yarn.nodemanager.env-whitelist</name> <value>JAVA_HOME,HADOOP_COMMON_HOME,HADOOP_HDFS_HOME,HADOOP_CONF_DIR,CLASSPATH_PREPEND_DISTCACHE,HADOOP_YARN_HOME,HADOOP_HOME,PATH,LANG,TZ,HADOOP_MAPRED_HOME</value> </property> </configuration>
操作完之后,执行hive,可以进入就算成功。
执行hive时可能出现一个错误:
Caused by: com.ctc.wstx.exc.WstxParsingException: Illegal character entity: expansion character (code 0x8
at [row,col,system-id]: [3219,96,"file:/mnt/admin/apache-hive-3.1.3-bin/conf/hive-site.xml"],
这是因为xml模板中有个特殊字符,找到对应位置,去掉即可;
测试语句示例:
CREATE TABLE test(
name string,
num int)
PARTITIONED BY (`date` string)
ROW FORMAT DELIMITED FIELDS TERMINATED BY ',' stored as textfile;
insert into test partition (`date`='20240523') (name,num) values ('cdl',100);
insert into test partition (`date`='20240522') (name,num) values ('cdl',100);
看是否能正确建表,正确插入数据,正确查询,hdfs中也能正确显示。
https://www.cnblogs.com/liugp/p/16747557.html#1%E6%9E%84%E5%BB%BA%E9%95%9C%E5%83%8F
https://blog.csdn.net/chenleiking/article/details/82492282
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