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使用python发送邮件

作者：你好赵伟 | 2024-06-11 05:13:40

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python发送邮件

在发送邮箱前 要开启自己的SMTP服务 QQ 邮箱一般默认关闭SMTP服务，得先去开启它。打开https://mail.qq.com/，登录你的邮箱。然后点击位于顶部的【设置】按钮，选择【账户设置】，然后下拉到这个位置。开启POP3/SMTP服务，验证后会给到一个授权码，后续服务端用该授权码登录邮箱。

之后就可以发邮箱啦：

文本邮件

  1. import smtplib
  2. # email 用于构建邮件内容
  3. from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  4. # 构建邮件头
  5. from email.header import Header
  6.  
  7. # 发信方的信息：发信邮箱，QQ 邮箱授权码
  8. from_addr = '*******@qq.com'  # 发生者的邮箱  您的qq邮箱
  9. password = '*******'    # 刚才短信获取到的授权码
  10. # 收信方邮箱
  11. to_addr = '********@163.com'
  12. # 发信服务器
  13. smtp_server = 'smtp.qq.com'
  14.  
  15. # 邮箱正文内容，第一个参数为内容，第二个参数为格式(plain 为纯文本)，第三个参数为编码
  16. msg = MIMEText('使用python发送邮件测试', 'plain', 'utf-8')
  17. # 邮件头信息
  18. msg['From'] = Header('周**')  # 发送者
  19. msg['To'] = Header('马大哈')  # 接收者
  20. subject = 'Python SMTP 邮件测试' # 主题
  21. msg['Subject'] = Header(subject, 'utf-8')  # 邮件主题
  22. smtpobj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL(smtp_server)  # 创建对象
  23. try:
  24. # 建立连接--qq邮箱服务和端口号（可百度查询）
  25.     smtpobj.connect(smtp_server, 465)
  26. # 登录--发送者账号和口令
  27.     smtpobj.login(from_addr, password)
  28. # 发送邮件
  29.     smtpobj.sendmail(from_addr, to_addr, msg.as_string())
  30. print("邮件发送成功")
  31. except smtplib.SMTPException:
  32.     print("无法发送邮件")
  33. finally:
  34. # 关闭服务器
  35.     smtpobj.quit()

如图：

附件邮件

  1. import smtplib
  2. # email 用于构建邮件内容
  3. from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  4. from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
  5. from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
  6. from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
  7. # 构建邮件头
  8. from email.header import Header
  9.  
  10. fromaddr = '*****@qq.com'   # 发送者
  11. password = '*****corbafe'   # 授权码
  12. toaddrs = ['*****16@163.com', '*****71@qq.com'] # 收件人
  13.  
  14. content = '在干嘛呢. 亲'
  15. textApart = MIMEText(content)
  16.  
  17. imageFile = 'img.png'  # 图片文件
  18. imageApart = MIMEImage(open(imageFile, 'rb').read(), imageFile.split('.')[-1])
  19. imageApart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=imageFile)
  20.  
  21. # pdfFile = '算法设计与分析基础第3版PDF.pdf'
  22. # pdfApart = MIMEApplication(open(pdfFile, 'rb').read())
  23. # pdfApart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=pdfFile)
  24.  
  25. # zipFile = '算法设计与分析基础第3版PDF.zip'
  26. # zipApart = MIMEApplication(open(zipFile, 'rb').read())
  27. # zipApart.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment', filename=zipFile)
  28.  
  29. m = MIMEMultipart()
  30. m.attach(textApart)
  31. m.attach(imageApart)
  32. # m.attach(pdfApart)
  33. # m.attach(zipApart)
  34. m['Subject'] = 'title'
  35.  
  36. try:
  37.     server = smtplib.SMTP('smtp.qq.com')
  38.     server.login(fromaddr, password)
  39.     server.sendmail(fromaddr, toaddrs, m.as_string())
  40.     print('success')
  41.     server.quit()
  42. except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
  43.     print('error:', e)  # 打印错误

如图：

html邮件 表格

  1.  import smtplib
  2. # email 用于构建邮件内容
  3. from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  4. from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
  5. import datetime
  6. import pandas as pd
  7.  
  8. yesterday = '2023'  # 参数
  9. teacher_name = 'zhouxinxin'  # 参数
  10. dept_name = '邮箱部'  # 参数
  11. new_time = str(datetime.datetime.now().year) + '年' + str(datetime.datetime.now().month) + '月' + str(
  12. datetime.datetime.now().day) + '日'
  13. # pd.set_option('display.max_colwidth', -1)
  14. columns = ['一级分类', '二级分类', '三级分类', '科目分类', '科目名称', '预算金额(万元)', '备注', '课题编号']
  15. list = [[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8],[9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]]
  16. filter_merge_data = pd.DataFrame(list, columns=columns)
  17. df_html = filter_merge_data.to_html(escape=False)  # DataFrame数据转化为HTML表格形式
  18. head = \
  19. """
  20.         <head>
  21.             <meta charset="utf-8">
  22.             <STYLE TYPE="text/css" MEDIA=screen>
  23.                 table.dataframe {
  24.                     border-collapse: collapse;
  25.                     border: 2px solid #a19da2;
  26.                     /*居中显示整个表格*/
  27.                     margin: auto;
  28.                 }
  29.                 table.dataframe thead {
  30.                     border: 2px solid #91c6e1;
  31.                     background: #f1f1f1;
  32.                     padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  33.                     color: #333333;
  34.                 }
  35.                 table.dataframe tbody {
  36.                     border: 2px solid #91c6e1;
  37.                     padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  38.                 }
  39.                 table.dataframe tr {
  40.                 }
  41.                 table.dataframe th {
  42.                     vertical-align: top;
  43.                     font-size: 14px;
  44.                     padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  45.                     color: #105de3;
  46.                     font-family: arial;
  47.                     text-align: center;
  48.                 }
  49.                 table.dataframe td {
  50.                     text-align: center;
  51.                     padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  52.                 }
  53.                 body {
  54.                     font-family: 宋体;
  55.                 }
  56.                 h1 {
  57.                     color: #5db446
  58.                 }
  59.                 div.header h2 {
  60.                     color: #0002e3;
  61.                     font-family: 黑体;
  62.                 }
  63.                 div.content h2 {
  64.                     text-align: center;
  65.                     font-size: 28px;
  66.                     text-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #de4040;
  67.                     color: #fff;
  68.                     font-weight: bold;
  69.                     background-color: #008eb7;
  70.                     line-height: 1.5;
  71.                     margin: 20px 0;
  72.                     box-shadow: 10px 10px 5px #888888;
  73.                     border-radius: 5px;
  74.                 }
  75.                 h3 {
  76.                     font-size: 22px;
  77.                     background-color: rgba(0, 2, 227, 0.71);
  78.                     text-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #de4040;
  79.                     color: rgba(239, 241, 234, 0.99);
  80.                     line-height: 1.5;
  81.                 }
  82.                 h4 {
  83.                     color: #e10092;
  84.                     font-family: 楷体;
  85.                     font-size: 20px;
  86.                     text-align: center;
  87.                 }
  88.                 td img {
  89.                     /*width: 60px;*/
  90.                     max-width: 300px;
  91.                     max-height: 300px;
  92.                 }
  93.             </STYLE>
  94.         </head>
  95.         """
  96. body = \
  97. """
  98.         <body>
  99.         <div align="center" class="header">
  100.             <!--标题部分的信息-->
  101.             <h1 align="center">关于下达{yesterday}年各部门/专项经费预算指标的通知</h1>
  102.         </div>
  103.         <hr>
  104.         <div class="content">
  105.             <!--正文内容-->
  106.             <h2> </h2>
  107.             <div>
  108.                 <h4>{teacher_name}老师  您好：</h4>
  109.                 <h4>学校党委会已批准{yesterday}年各部门/专项预算方案，财务计划处已将预算指标导入ARP系统，请各位负责人及时查看，明细如下：    </h4>
  110.                 {df_html}
  111.                 <h4>可登陆信息门户-预算管理系统查看预算详细信息，如有问题请联系财务计划处 联系电话：000012 任00    </h4>
  112.                 <h4>{dept_name}</h4>
  113.                 <h4>{new_time}</h4>
  114.             </div>
  117.             <hr>
  118.             <p style="text-align: center">
  119.             </p>
  120.         </div>
  121.         </body>
  122.         """.format(yesterday=yesterday, teacher_name=teacher_name, new_time=new_time, dept_name=dept_name,
  123.                    df_html=df_html)
  124. html_msg = "<html>" + head + body + "</html>"
  125. html_msg = html_msg.replace('\n', '').encode("utf-8")
  126. _user = '1******5@qq.com'
  127. _pwd = 'wg******orbafe'
  128. _to = 'zj******16@163.com'
  129. msg = MIMEMultipart()
  130. msg["Subject"] = '预算下达邮件通知'
  131. msg["From"] = _user
  132. msg["To"] = _to
  133. part = MIMEText(html_msg, 'html', 'utf-8')
  134. msg.attach(part)
  135. s = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com", timeout=30)
  136. s.login(_user, _pwd)
  137. s.sendmail(_user, _to, msg.as_string())
  138. s.close()
  139. print('发送成功')

效果如下：

  1. '''
  2. 纯文本发送
  3. 构造邮件内容的MIMEText类有三个参数，第一个参数为文本内容，第二个参数‘plain’设置文本格式，第三个参数设置编码格式
  4. '''
  5. ## 导入模块
  6. import random
  7. from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
  8. from Models.models import *
  9. import smtplib
  10. # email 用于构建邮件内容
  11. from email.mime.text import MIMEText
  12. from email.mime.image import MIMEImage
  13. from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
  14. import pandas as pd
  15. from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
  16. # 构建邮件头
  17. from email.header import Header
  18. from Settings.config import ServerIp
  19.  
  20.  
  21. # mail_host = "smtp.qq.com" #SMTP服务器地址
  22. # mail_sender = '1252****5@qq.com'
  23. # mail_passwd = 'wgxncm***corbafe'
  24.  
  25. mail_list = [        # 发送列表
  26.     {
  27.     'mail_host' : "smtp.qq.com", #SMTP服务器地址
  28.     'mail_sender' : '125287***5@qq.com',
  29.     'mail_passwd' : 'wgxncm***corbafe'
  30.     },
  31.  
  32. ]
  33.  
  34. def get_mail_config():  # 获取一个发送账号
  35.  
  36.     b = random.choices(mail_list,k=1)[0]
  37.     return b.get('mail_host'), b.get('mail_sender'), b.get('mail_passwd')
  38.  
  39. def send_email_text(code=123, to=None):  # 发送文本
  40.  
  41.     mail_host, mail_sender, mail_passwd = get_mail_config()
  42.  
  43.     ## 构造邮件内容
  44.     content = f"您正在修改密码, 验证码为{code},验证码有效时长5分钟"
  45.     msg = MIMEText(content, 'plain', 'utf-8')
  46.     msg["Subject"] = "酒店管理密码修改"
  47.     msg["From"] = mail_sender  # 发送人
  48.     msg["To"] = to  # 接收人
  49.     try:
  50.  
  51.         ## 发送邮件
  52.         s = smtplib.SMTP() #实例化对象
  53.         s.connect(mail_host, 25) #连接163邮箱服务器，端口号为25
  54.         s.login(mail_sender, mail_passwd) #登录邮箱
  55.         s.sendmail(mail_sender, [to], msg.as_string())
  56.         s.quit()
  57.  
  58.         return {'code': '0', 'msg': '邮件发送成功!'}
  59.  
  60.     except Exception as e:
  61.  
  62.  
  63.         return {'code': 500, 'msg': f'邮件发送失败, 方法为send_email_text2, 报错信息为{e}'}
  64.  
  65.  
  66.  
  67. def send_email_text3(content=None,title=None, to=None, imageFile=None):   # 专题图片邮件
  68.  
  69.     mail_host, mail_sender, mail_passwd = get_mail_config()
  70.  
  71.     head = \
  72.         """
  73.                 <head>
  74.                     <meta charset="utf-8">
  75.                 </head>
  76.                 """
  77.     body = \
  78.         f"""
  79.                 <body>
  80.                     {content}
  81.                 <hr>
  82.                 <div class="content">
  83.                     <img src="{imageFile}"/>
  84.                 </div>
  85.                 </body>
  86.                 """
  87.     html_msg = "<html>" + head + body + "</html>"
  88.     html_msg = html_msg.replace('\n', '').encode("utf-8")
  89.  
  90.     msg = MIMEMultipart()
  91.     msg["Subject"] = title
  92.     msg["From"] = mail_sender
  93.     msg["To"] = to
  94.  
  95.     try:
  96.         part = MIMEText(html_msg, 'html', 'utf-8')
  97.         msg.attach(part)
  98.         s = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com", timeout=30)
  99.         s.login(mail_sender, mail_passwd)
  100.         s.sendmail(mail_sender, to, msg.as_string())
  101.         s.close()
  102.         print('发送成功')
  103.  
  104.         return {'code': '0', 'msg': '邮件发送成功!'}
  105.  
  106.     except smtplib.SMTPException as e:
  107.  
  108.         return {'code': 500, 'msg': f'邮件发送失败, 方法为send_email_text2, 报错信息为{e}'}
  109.  
  110.  
  111. def send_email_text4(
  112.         content='',
  113.         title='', to=None, datalist=None):
  114.  
  115.     mail_host, mail_sender, mail_passwd = get_mail_config()
  116.  
  117.     columns = ['客户名称', '公司名称', '职位', '客户类型', '会员等级']
  118.     filter_merge_data = pd.DataFrame(datalist, columns=columns)
  119.     df_html = filter_merge_data.to_html(escape=False)  # DataFrame数据转化为HTML表格形式
  120.     head = \
  121.         """
  122.                 <head>
  123.                     <meta charset="utf-8">
  124.                     <STYLE TYPE="text/css" MEDIA=screen>
  125.                         table.dataframe {
  126.                             border-collapse: collapse;
  127.                             border: 2px solid #a19da2;
  128.                             /*居中显示整个表格*/
  129.                             margin: auto;
  130.                         }
  131.                         table.dataframe thead {
  132.                             border: 2px solid #91c6e1;
  133.                             background: #f1f1f1;
  134.                             padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  135.                             color: #333333;
  136.                         }
  137.                         table.dataframe tbody {
  138.                             border: 2px solid #91c6e1;
  139.                             padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  140.                         }
  141.                         table.dataframe tr {
  142.                         }
  143.                         table.dataframe th {
  144.                             vertical-align: top;
  145.                             font-size: 14px;
  146.                             padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  147.                             color: #105de3;
  148.                             font-family: arial;
  149.                             text-align: center;
  150.                         }
  151.                         table.dataframe td {
  152.                             text-align: center;
  153.                             padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  154.                         }
  155.                         body {
  156.                             font-family: 宋体;
  157.                         }
  158.                         h1 {
  159.                             color: #5db446
  160.                         }
  161.                         div.header h2 {
  162.                             color: #0002e3;
  163.                             font-family: 黑体;
  164.                         }
  165.                         div.content h2 {
  166.                             text-align: center;
  167.                             font-size: 28px;
  168.                             text-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #de4040;
  169.                             color: #fff;
  170.                             font-weight: bold;
  171.                             background-color: #008eb7;
  172.                             line-height: 1.5;
  173.                             margin: 20px 0;
  174.                             box-shadow: 10px 10px 5px #888888;
  175.                             border-radius: 5px;
  176.                         }
  177.                         h3 {
  178.                             font-size: 22px;
  179.                             background-color: rgba(0, 2, 227, 0.71);
  180.                             text-shadow: 2px 2px 1px #de4040;
  181.                             color: rgba(239, 241, 234, 0.99);
  182.                             line-height: 1.5;
  183.                         }
  184.                         h4 {
  185.                             color: #e10092;
  186.                             font-family: 楷体;
  187.                             font-size: 20px;
  188.                             text-align: center;
  189.                         }
  190.                         td img {
  191.                             /*width: 60px;*/
  192.                             max-width: 300px;
  193.                             max-height: 300px;
  194.                         }
  195.                     </STYLE>
  196.                 </head>
  197.                 """
  198.     body = \
  199.         f"""
  200.                 <body>
  201.                 <div class="content">
  203.                     <div>
  204.                         {content}:
  205.                         {df_html}
  206.                     </div>
  207.                     <hr>
  208.                     <p style="text-align: center">
  209.                     </p>
  210.                 </div>
  211.                 </body>
  212.                 """
  213.     html_msg = "<html>" + head + body + "</html>"
  214.     html_msg = html_msg.replace('\n', '').encode("utf-8")
  215.     msg = MIMEMultipart()
  216.     msg["Subject"] = title
  217.     msg["From"] = mail_sender
  218.     msg["To"] = to
  219.     part = MIMEText(html_msg, 'html', 'utf-8')
  220.     msg.attach(part)
  221.     s = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.qq.com", timeout=30)
  222.     s.login(mail_sender, mail_passwd)
  223.     s.sendmail(mail_sender, to, msg.as_string())
  224.     s.close()
  225.     print('发送成功')
  226.
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