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蟒蛇书：python编程：从入门到实践-动手试一试答案_蟒蛇书答案

作者：你好赵伟 | 2024-07-15 04:28:51

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蟒蛇书答案

目录

第二章和第三章：变量和简单数据类型、列表简介

第四章：操作列表

第五章：if语句

第六章：字典

第七章：用户输入和while循环

第八章：函数

第九章：类 

蟒蛇书答案，自己写的，可能有错，包含了基础部分第2章到第9章的内容

第二章和第三章：变量和简单数据类型、列表简介

  1. #p18
  2. a = "Hello python world!"
  3. # print(a)
  4. a = "again good luck!"
  5. print(a)
  6. #p23
  7. Name = "Eric"
  8. print("hello "+Name+",would you like to learn some Python today?")
  9. print(Name.lower())
  10. print(Name.upper())
  11. print(Name.title())
  12. #2-5&2-6
  13. Famous_person = "Albert Einstein"
  14. message = "A person who never made a mistake never tried anything new."
  15. print(Famous_person.title()+" once said: "+message.title())
  16. #2-7
  17. person_name = "\tJ\n\tJ\nJ"
  18. print(person_name)
  19. person_name_a = ' J '
  20. print(person_name_a.lstrip())
  21. print(person_name_a.rstrip())
  22. print(person_name_a.strip())
  23. #####2-8#####
  24. print(2+6)
  25. print(10-2)
  26. print(2*4)
  27. print(int(16/2))
  28. #####2-9#####
  29. number = 1
  30. message = "My favorite number is "+str(number)+"!"
  31. print(message)#str:将非字符串转换为字符串
  32. #####3-1&3-2#####
  33. names = ['C','J','L','C']
  34. for i in range(4):
  35.     print(names[i].title()+" How is your day?")
  36. ###3-3#####
  37. tool = ['walk','bicycle']
  38. print("I would like the "+tool[1].title()+' rather than '+tool[0].title())
  39. #####3-4#####
  40. name_list = ['A','B','C','D']
  41. for i in range(4):
  42.     print(name_list[i]+", would you like to have dinner with me?")
  43. #####3-5#####
  44. name_list = ['A','B','C','D']
  45. print('B cannot be here.')
  46. name_list[1] = 'E'
  47. for i in range(4):
  48.     print(name_list[i]+", would you like to have dinner with me?")
  49. #####3-6#####
  50. name_list = ['A','B','C','D']
  51. print('B cannot be here.')
  52. name_list[1] = 'E'
  53. print('I have found a bigger place')
  54. name_list.insert(0,'F')
  55. name_list.insert(2,'G')
  56. name_list.append('H')
  57. for i in range(len(name_list)):
  58.     print(name_list[i]+", would you like to have dinner with me?")
  59. #####3-7#####
  60. name_list = ['A','B','C','D']
  61. print('B cannot be here.')
  62. name_list[1] = 'E'
  63. print('I have found a bigger place')
  64. name_list.insert(0,'F')
  65. name_list.insert(2,'G')
  66. name_list.append('H')
  67. print("Only two")
  68. for i in range(len(name_list)):
  69.     if i <5:
  70.         print("Sorry"+name_list.pop())
  71.     else:
  72.         print("Welcome" + name_list[i-5])
  73. del name_list[0]
  74. del name_list[0]
  75. print(name_list)
  76.  
  77. ######方法的调用是列表.方法（）；如果是函数，列表作为参数使用格式是：函数（列表），括号中都可以增加一些参数的说明比如reverse = True
  78. #####3-8#####
  79. place = ['Nuowei','Fenlan','England','Jiangnan','Haibian']
  80. # print(place)
  81. # print(sorted(place))
  82. # print(sorted(place,reverse=True))
  83. # print(place)
  84. # place.reverse()
  85. # print(place)
  86. # place.reverse()
  87. # print(place)
  88. place.sort()
  89. print(place)
  90. place.sort(reverse=True)
  91. print(place)
  92. ######3-9######
  93. name_list = ['A','B','C','D']
  94. print('B cannot be here.')
  95. name_list[1] = 'E'
  96. print('I have found a bigger place')
  97. name_list.insert(0,'F')
  98. name_list.insert(2,'G')
  99. name_list.append('H')
  100. print(len(name_list))
  101. ######3-11######
  102. place = ['Nuowei','Fenlan','England','Jiangnan','Haibian']
  103. print(place[4])

第四章：操作列表

  1. ######4-1######
  2. pizzas = ['vegetable','fruit','french fries','liulian']
  3. for pizza in pizzas:
  4.     print(pizza)
  5.  
  6. pizzas = ['vegetable','fruit','french fries','liulian']
  7. for pizza in pizzas:
  8.     print('I like '+pizza+' pizza!')
  9.  
  10. pizzas = ['vegetable','fruit','french fries','liulian']
  11. for pizza in pizzas:
  12.     print('I like '+pizza+' pizza!')
  13. print('I really love pizza!')
  14.  
  15. ######4-3######
  16. for number in range(1,21):
  17.     print(number)
  18.  
  19. ######4-4######
  20. numbers = list(range(1,1000001))
  21. for number in numbers:
  22.     print(number)
  23.  
  24. ######4-5######
  25. numbers = list(range(1,1000001))
  26. print(min(numbers))
  27. print(max(numbers))
  28. print(sum(numbers))
  29.  
  30.  
  31. ######4-6######
  32. numbers = list(range(1,21,2))
  33. for number in numbers:
  34.     print(number)
  35.  
  36. ######4-7######
  37. numbers = []
  38. for value in range(1,11):
  39.     number = value*3
  40.     numbers.append(number)
  41.  
  42.     print(numbers)
  43.  
  44. ######4-8######
  45. numbers = []
  46. for value in range(1,11):
  47.     number = value**3
  48.     numbers.append(number)
  49.  
  50.     print(number)
  51. print(numbers)
  52.  
  53. ######4-9######
  54. numbers=[number**3 for number in range(1,11)]
  55. print(numbers)
  56.  
  57. ######4-10######
  58. numbers=list(range(1,11))
  59. print('The original list is:')
  60. print(numbers)
  61. print('The first three items in the list are:')
  62. print(numbers[0:3])
  63. print('Three items from the middle of the list are:')
  64. print(numbers[3:6])
  65. print('The last three items in the list are:')
  66. print(numbers[-3:])
  67.  
  68. #####4-11#####
  69. pizzas = ['vegetable','fruit','french fries','liulian']
  70. friend_pizzas = pizzas[:]
  71. pizzas.append('cake')
  72. friend_pizzas.append('candy')
  73. print('My favorite pizzas are:')
  74. for pizza in pizzas:
  75.     print(pizza)
  76.  
  77. print("My friend's favorite pizzas are:")
  78. for friend_pizza in friend_pizzas:
  79.     print(friend_pizza)
  80.  
  81.  
  82. #####4-12#####
  83. my_foods = ['pizza','falafel','carrot cake']
  84. friend_foods = my_foods[:]
  85.  
  86. for my_food in my_foods:
  87.     print('Me:'+my_food)
  88.  
  89. for friend_food in friend_foods:
  90.     print("My friend's: " + friend_food)
  91.  
  92.  
  93. #####4-13#####
  94. foods = ('apple','pear','soup','noodle','dessert')
  95. for food in foods:
  96.     print(food)
  97.  
  98. foods[0] = ['juice']
  99.  
  100. foods = ('juice','coffee','soup','noodle','dessert')
  101. for food in foods:
  102.     print(food)
  103.  
  104.  
  105.  
  106.

第五章：if语句

  1. #####5-1#####
  2. food = 'apple'
  3. print('Is fruit == apple? I predict True.')
  4. print(food == 'apple')
  5.  
  6. print('\nIs fruit == pear? I predict False.')
  7. print(food == 'pear')
  8.  
  9. food = 'orange'
  10. print('Is fruit == orange? I predict True.')
  11. print(food == 'orange')
  12.  
  13. print('\nIs fruit == pear? I predict False.')
  14. print(food == 'pear')
  15.  
  16. food = 'strawberry'
  17. print('Is fruit == strawberry? I predict True.')
  18. print(food == 'strawberry')
  19.  
  20. print('\nIs fruit == pear? I predict False.')
  21. print(food == 'pear')
  22.  
  23. food = 'banana'
  24. print('Is fruit == banana? I predict True.')
  25. print(food == 'banana')
  26.  
  27. print('\nIs fruit == pear? I predict False.')
  28. print(food == 'pear')
  29.  
  30. food = 'pineapple'
  31. print('Is fruit == pineapple? I predict True.')
  32. print(food == 'pineapple')
  33.  
  34. print('\nIs fruit == pear? I predict False.')
  35. print(food == 'pear')
  36.  
  37.  
  38. #####5-2#####
  39. character = 'Good luck'
  40. if character != 'lucky':
  41.     print('Lucky is not the character')
  42. else:
  43.     print('Lucky is the original character')
  44.  
  45. food = 'Soup'
  46. print(food == 'soup')
  47. print(food.lower() == 'soup')
  48.  
  49. number = 55
  50. print(number == 55)
  51. print(number == 67)
  52. print(number > 67)
  53. print(number < 67)
  54. print(number >= 80)
  55. print(number <= 80)
  56.  
  57. number_1 = 67
  58. number_2 = 98
  59. print(number_1>20 and number_2<100)
  60. print(number_1<20 or number_2>100)
  61.  
  62. numbers = [13,35,46,68,79,80,98]
  63. print(24 in numbers)
  64. print(98 not in numbers)
  65.  
  66. #####5-3#####
  67. alien_color = ['green','yellow','red']
  68. color = 'yellow'
  69. if color == 'green':
  70.     print("You get 5 points!")
  71. else:
  72.     color = 'green'
  73.  
  74. #####5-4#####
  75. alien_color = ['green','yellow','red']
  76. color = 'yellow'
  77. if color == 'green':
  78.     print("You get 5 points!")
  79. else:
  80.     print("You get 10 points!")
  81.     
  82. if color == 'green':
  83.     print("You get 5 points!")
  84. if color != 'green':
  85.     print("You get 10 points!")
  86.  
  87.  
  88. #####5-5#####
  89. alien_color = ['green','yellow','purple']
  90. color = 'purple'
  91. if color == 'green':
  92.     print("You get 5 points!")
  93. elif color == 'yellow':
  94.     print("You get 10 points!")
  95. else:
  96.     print("You get 15 points!")
  97.  
  98.  
  99. if color == 'green':
  100.     print("You get 5 points!")
  101. if color == 'yellow':
  102.     print("You get 10 points!")
  103. if color == 'purple':
  104.     print('You get 15 points!')
  105.  
  106.  
  107. #####5-6#####
  108. age = 1
  109. if age < 2:
  110.     print('You are a baby')
  111. elif age>=2 and age<4:
  112.     print("You're a toddler")
  113. elif age>=4 and age<13:
  114.     print("You are a child")
  115. elif age>=13 and age<20:
  116.     print("You are a teenager")
  117. elif age >= 20 and age < 65:
  118.     print("You are an adult")
  119. else:
  120.     print("You are an older")
  121.  
  122.  
  123. #####5-7#####
  124. favorite_fruits = ['apple','orange','banana']
  125. if 'grape' in favorite_fruits:
  126.     a =1
  127. if 'banana' in favorite_fruits:
  128.     print('You really like bnanas!')
  129. if 'pineapple' in favorite_fruits:
  130.     a =1
  131. if 'strawberry' in favorite_fruits:
  132.     a =1
  133. if 'lemon' in favorite_fruits:
  134.     a =1
  135.  
  136. #####5-8#####
  137. names = ['Admin','Eric','Tom','Lisa','Jenny']
  138. for name in names:
  139.     if name == 'Admin':
  140.         print('Hello, '+name+', would you like to see a status report')
  141.     else:
  142.         print('Hello '+name+', thank you for logging in again')
  143.  
  144. #####5-9#####
  145. names = ['Admin','Eric','Tom','Lisa','Jenny']
  146. names = []
  147. if names :
  148.     for name in names:
  149.         if name == 'Admin':
  150.             print('Hello, '+name+', would you like to see a status report')
  151.         else:
  152.             print('Hello '+name+', thank you for logging in again')
  153. else:
  154.     print('We need to find some users!')
  155.  
  156.  
  157. #####5-10#####
  158. current_users = ['Admin','Eric','Tom','Lisa','Jenny']
  159. new_users = ['Admin','ERIC','Linda','Jack','John']
  160. for new_user in new_users:
  161.     is_duplicate = False  # 初始化状态为不重复
  162.     for current_user in current_users:
  163.         if new_user.lower() == current_user.lower():
  164.             is_duplicate = True  # 如果找到相同用户名，更新状态为重复
  165.             break
  166.     if is_duplicate:
  167.         print(new_user + ' You need to input another name.')
  168.     else:
  169.         print(new_user + ' is OK.')
  170.  
  171. #####5-11#####
  172. numbers = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
  173. for number in numbers:
  174.     if number == 1:
  175.         print(str(number)+'st')
  176.     elif number == 2:
  177.         print(str(number)+'nd')
  178.     elif number == 3:
  179.         print(str(number)+'rd')
  180.     else:
  181.         print(str(number)+'th')

第六章：字典

  1. #####6-1#####
  2. acquaintance = {'first_name':'a','last_name':'B','age':'87','city':'C'}
  3. print(acquaintance['last_name'])
  4. print(acquaintance['first_name'])
  5. print(acquaintance['age'])
  6. print(acquaintance['city'])
  7.  
  8. #####6-2#####
  9. like_number = {'A':'1','B':'2','C':'3','D':'4','E':'5'}
  10. print(like_number['A'])
  11. print(like_number['B'])
  12. print(like_number['C'])
  13. print(like_number['D'])
  14. print(like_number['E'])
  15.  
  16. #####6-3#####
  17. code = {'for':'一种循环','if':'条件假设','and':'与运算','or':'或运算','==':'判断是否相等'}
  18. print('for if and or ==')
  19. print(code['for'],code['if'],code['and'],code['or'],code['=='])
  20.  
  21. #####6-4#####
  22. code = {'for':'一种循环','if':'条件假设','and':'与运算','or':'或运算','==':'判断是否相等','!=':'不等于','tensor':'创建张量','plt.show()':'绘制图像','x.label':'给x轴起坐标轴的名字','y.label':'给y轴起坐标轴的名字'}
  23. for n,w in code.items():
  24.     print('\nName:'+ n)
  25.     print('\nWork:'+ w)
  26.  
  27. #####6-5#####
  28. River_Country = {'nile':'egypt','Changjiang':'China','Yellow River':'China','nile':'egypt'}
  29. for r,c in River_Country.items():
  30.     print('The '+ r +' runs through '+c)
  31. for r in River_Country.keys():
  32.     print(r.title())
  33. for c in River_Country.values():
  34.     print(c.title())
  35.  
  36. #####6-6#####
  37. favorite_languages = {'jen':'Python','sarah':'c','edward':'ruby','phil':'python'}
  38.  
  39. for name in favorite_languages.keys():
  40.     list = ['jen','edward']
  41.     if name in list:
  42.         print(name+', thank you for taking the poll.')
  43.     else:
  44.         print(name+', please take the poll!')
  45.  
  46. #####6-7#####
  47. acquaintance_1 = {'first_name':'a','last_name':'B','age':'87','city':'C'}
  48. acquaintance_2 = {'first_name':'d','last_name':'E','age':'88','city':'F'}
  49. acquaintance_3 = {'first_name':'g','last_name':'H','age':'89','city':'I'}
  50. acquaintances = [acquaintance_1,acquaintance_2,acquaintance_3]
  51. for ac in acquaintances:
  52.     print(ac)
  53.  
  54. #####6-8#####
  55. dog = {'Hashiqi':'John'}
  56. cat = {'Buou':'Mike'}
  57. fish = {'Gold':'Linda'}
  58. pets = [dog,cat,fish]
  59. for pet in pets:
  60.     print(pet)
  61.  
  62. #####6-9#####
  63. favorite_places = {'Linda':'A,B,C','Mike':'D,E,F','Jack':'G,H,I'}
  64. for name,place in favorite_places.items():
  65.     print('\n'+name+' likes '+place)
  66.  
  67. #####6-10#####
  68. like_number = {'A':'1','B':'2','C':'3','D':'4','E':'5'}
  69. like_number['A'] = ['1,2,3,4']
  70. like_number['B'] = ['5,6,7,8']
  71. like_number['C'] = ['9,10,11,12']
  72. like_number['D'] = ['13,14,15,16']
  73. like_number['E'] = ['17,18,19,20']
  74. for name,numbers in like_number.items():
  75.     print(name+"'s favorite number are:")
  76.     for number in numbers:
  77.         print("\t"+number)
  78.  
  79. #####6-11#####
  80. cities = {'CityA':{'Country':'A','population':'B','fact':'C'},'CityD':{'Country':'E','population':'F','fact':'G'},'CityH':{'Country':'I','population':'J','fact':'K'}}
  81. for city,infos in cities.items():
  82.     print("City's name:"+city)
  83.     country = infos['Country']
  84.     population = infos['population']
  85.     fact = infos['fact']
  86.     print('Country: ' + country)
  87.     print('Population: ' + population)
  88.     print('Fats: ' + fact)

第七章：用户输入和while循环

  1. #####7-1#####
  2. car = input('What kind of car do you like?')
  3. print('Let me see if I can find you a '+ car +'~')
  4.  
  5. #####7-2#####
  6. guests = input('How many people are dinning?:')
  7. guests = int(guests)
  8.  
  9. if guests<8:
  10.     print("Luckily,there are empty positions~")
  11. else:
  12.     print("Sorry,our restaurant is full")
  13.  
  14. #####7-3#####
  15. number = input("Please input a number:")
  16. number = int(number)
  17.  
  18. if number%10 == 0:
  19.     print('The number is a multiple of 10~')
  20. else:
  21.     print('The number is not a multiple of 10')
  22.  
  23. #####7-4#####
  24. prompt = "What toppings do you like on your pizza?:"
  25. prompt += "\nEnter 'quit' to end the program."
  26. topping = ""
  27. while topping != 'quit':
  28.     topping = input(prompt)
  29.  
  30.     if topping !='quit':
  31.         print('We will add '+topping)
  32.  
  33. #####7-5#####
  34. ask = "What is your age?"
  35. ask += "\nEnter 'quit' to end the program."
  36. age = ""
  37. active = True
  38. while active:
  39.     age = input(ask)
  40.     if age == 'quit':
  41.         active = False
  42.     else:
  43.         age = int(age)
  44.         if age<3:
  45.             print("Your ticket is free")
  46.         elif age>=3 and age<12:
  47.             print("Your ticket is $10")
  48.         else:
  49.             print("Your ticket is $15")
  50.  
  51. #####7-6#####
  52. ##7-4改写##
  53. prompt = "What toppings do you like on your pizza?:"
  54. prompt += "\nEnter 'quit' to end the program."
  55. topping = ""
  56. while True:
  57.     topping = input(prompt)
  58.     if  topping =='quit':
  59.         break
  60.     else:
  61.         print('We will add '+topping)
  62. ##7-5改写##
  63. ask = "What is your age?"
  64. ask += "\nEnter 'quit' to end the program."
  65. age = ""
  66. while True:
  67.     age = input(ask)
  68.     if age == 'quit':
  69.        break
  70.     else:
  71.         age = int(age)
  72.         if age<3:
  73.             print("Your ticket is free")
  74.         elif age>=3 and age<12:
  75.             print("Your ticket is $10")
  76.         else:
  77.             print("Your ticket is $15")
  78.  
  79. #####7-7#####
  80. while True:
  81.     print("Keep on going！Trust yourself!")
  82.  
  83. #####7-8#####
  84. sandwich_orders = ['fruit','egg','chicken']
  85. finished_sandwiches = []
  86. while sandwich_orders:
  87.     current_sandwich = sandwich_orders.pop()
  88.  
  89.     print("I made your "+current_sandwich+" sandwich~")
  90.     finished_sandwiches.append(current_sandwich)
  91.  
  92. print("\nThe following sandwiches have been finished:")
  93. for finished_sandwich in finished_sandwiches:
  94.     print(finished_sandwich.title())
  95.  
  96. #####7-9#####
  97. sandwich_orders = ['fruit','pastrami','egg','pastrami','chicken','pastrami']
  98. print("We have ",sandwich_orders)
  99. #这里要注意字符串拼接错误，字符串如果要和列表拼接，需要写成print("We have " + str(sandwich_orders))
  100. #或者是print("We have", sandwich_orders)
  101. print("But now we have run out of pastrami TAT")
  102. while 'pastrami' in sandwich_orders:
  103.     sandwich_orders.remove('pastrami')
  104. print(sandwich_orders)
  105.  
  106. #####7-10#####
  107. places = {}
  108.  
  109. active = True
  110. while active:
  111.  
  112.     name = input("What is your name?")
  113.     place = input("If you could visit one place in the world, where would you go?")
  114.  
  115.     places[name] = place
  116.  
  117.     repeat = input("Wouuld you like to let another person respond?(yes/no)")
  118.     if repeat == 'no':
  119.         active = False
  120.         
  121. print('\n--- Poll Results ---')
  122. for n,p in places.items():
  123.     print(n+" would like to go to "+p)

第八章：函数

  1. #####8-1#####
  2. def display_message():
  3.     """打印本章学习的内容"""
  4.     print("学习函数")
  5.  
  6. display_message()
  7.  
  8. #####8-2#####
  9. def favorite_book(Book_name):
  10.     print("One of my favorite books is "+Book_name.title())
  11.  
  12. favorite_book('alice in wonderland')
  13.  
  14. #####8-3####
  15. def make_shirt(size,characters):
  16.     print("This T-shirt's size is "+ size)
  17.     print("\nWith "+ characters.upper() +' on it.')
  18.  
  19. make_shirt(size="M",characters="GOOD LUCK")#关键字实参
  20. make_shirt("M","GOOD LUCK")#位置实参
  21.  
  22. #####8-4####
  23. def make_shirt(size = "L",characters = "I Love Python"):
  24.     print("This T-shirt's size is "+ size)
  25.     print("With "+ characters.upper() +' on it.\n')
  26.  
  27. make_shirt()
  28. make_shirt(size="M")
  29. make_shirt(characters="GOOD LUCK")
  30.  
  31. #####8-5####
  32. def describe_city(name,country = "A"):
  33.     print(name.title()+" is in "+country)
  34.  
  35. describe_city(name = "B")
  36. describe_city(name = "C",country="D")
  37. describe_city(name="E", country="F")
  38.  
  39.  
  40. #####8-6####
  41. def city_country(city,country):
  42.     full = city+","+country
  43.     return  full.title()
  44.  
  45. Full = city_country('santiago','chile')
  46. print(Full)
  47.  
  48.  
  49. #####8-7####
  50. def make_album(singer,album,number =""):
  51.     infor = {'singer':singer,'album':album}
  52.     if number:
  53.         infor['number'] = number
  54.     return infor
  55.  
  56. music = make_album('Jack','Long Time')
  57. print(music)
  58. music = make_album('Jack','Short Time',3)
  59. print(music)
  60. music = make_album('Jack','No Time',1)
  61. print(music)
  62. #字典添加值，字典名称['键名'] = 值，是数值不用加引号，是字符需要添加引号
  63. #对于可选择的参数，如果想要在最后的结果中不显示，可以在形参时设置为""但是两个引号之间不要加负号，否则不管给不给number赋值，都会在结果中被打印出来
  64.  
  65. #####8-8####
  66. #定义函数
  67. def make_album(singer,album,number =""):
  68.     infor = {'singer':singer,'album':album}
  69.     if number:
  70.         infor['number'] = number
  71.     return infor
  72.  
  73. #while循环
  74. while True:
  75.     print("Please input your favorite singer and album:")
  76.     print("(enter 'q' at any time to quit)")
  77.  
  78.     singer = input("The singer:")
  79.     if singer == 'q':
  80.         break
  81.  
  82.     album = input("The album:")
  83.     if album == 'q':
  84.         break
  85.  
  86.     prefer = make_album(singer,album)#作为形参名称传递时，不需要添加引号；作为形参内容传递时，添加上引号
  87.     print("Here is your favorite singer and album: "+ str(prefer))
  88. #不可以将字符串和字典类型进行直接的拼接，需要将字典转换为字符串
  89. #也就是说，只有相同类型的数据才可以进行直接拼接，不同类型的数据需要进行类型转换，转换成相同类型才可以拼接
  90. #需要注意的是，不是所有的类型都可以转换为字符串类型，如果尝试将不可转换为字符串类型的数据使用 str() 进行转换，会抛出 TypeError 异常。
  91.  
  92. #####8-9#####
  93. def show_magicians(names):
  94.     """打印出每个魔术师的名字"""
  95.     for name in names:
  96.         print("Hey,your name is "+ name)
  97.  
  98. magicians = ["Linda","Max","Caroline"]
  99. show_magicians(magicians)
  100.  
  101.  
  102. #####8-10#####
  103. def show_magicians(original_names,modi_names):
  104.     """打印出每个魔术师的名字"""
  105.     while original_names:
  106.         current_name = original_names.pop()
  107.         print("Hey "+ current_name)
  108.         modi_names.append(current_name)
  109.  
  110. def add_The_Great(modi_names):
  111.     """为每个魔术师名字增加The Great"""
  112.     modified_names = []
  113.     while modi_names:
  114.         current_name = modi_names.pop()
  115.         modified_names.append("The Great: " + current_name)
  116.     print(modified_names)
  117.  
  118. original_names = ["Linda","Max","Caroline"]
  119. modi_names = []
  120. show_magicians(original_names,modi_names)
  121. add_The_Great(modi_names)
  122.  
  123. #####8-11#####
  124. def make_great(magicians):
  125.     for i in range(len(magicians)):
  126.         magicians[i] = "the Great " + magicians[i]
  127.     return magicians
  128.  
  129. def show_magicians(magicians):
  130.     for magician in magicians:
  131.         print(magician)
  132.  
  133. magicians = ["David Copperfield", "Criss Angel", "David Blaine"]
  134. great_magicians = make_great(magicians[:])
  135. show_magicians(great_magicians)
  136. show_magicians(magicians)#调用副本，原列表没有发生改变
  137. great_magicians = make_great(magicians)
  138. show_magicians(great_magicians)
  139. show_magicians(magicians)#调用原来的列表，列表发生了改变
  140.  
  141.  
  142. #####8-12#####
  143. def make_sandwiches(*toppings):
  144.     """概述要制作的三明治食材"""
  145.     print('\nMaking a sandwich with the following toppings: ')
  146.     for topping in toppings:
  147.         print('-'+topping)
  148.  
  149. make_sandwiches('chicken','egg','vegetables','bread')
  150.  
  151.  
  152. #####8-13#####
  153. def build_profile(first,last,**user_info):
  154.     """创建一个新的字典，包含用户的一切"""
  155.     profile = {}
  156.     profile['first_name'] = first
  157.     profile['last_name'] = last
  158.     for key,value in user_info.items():
  159.         profile[key] = value#方括号表示法可以使用变量作为键名，而单引号或双引号则表示使用字符串作为键名
  160.     return  profile
  161.  
  162. build_profile('AE','V',location = 'pricton',field = 'physics',prefer = 'swimming')
  163. #如果键是字符串，可以使用单引号或者双引号括起来
  164. #如果键是数字，则不需要括起来
  165. #如果键是变量，使用不带引号的变量名
  166. # 在这里，键由user_info参数传入的字符串类型，所以在代码中使用方括号表示法来表示键名，不用括号括起来
  167.  
  168. #####8-14#####
  169. def car_info(productor,model,**car_info):
  170.     """创建一个新的字典，包含汽车的一些信息"""
  171.     profile = {}
  172.     profile['productor'] = productor
  173.     profile['model'] = model
  174.     for key,value in car_info.items():
  175.         profile[key] = value
  176.     return  profile
  177.  
  178. info = car_info('subaru','outback',color = 'blue',tow_package = True)
  179. print(info)
  180.  
  181.  
  182. #####8-15#####printing_functions.py
  183. #因为没有找到print_models的代码，所以沿用了上一题代码
  184. def car_info(productor,model,**car_info):
  185.     """创建一个新的字典，包含汽车的一些信息"""
  186.     profile = {}
  187.     profile['productor'] = productor
  188.     profile['model'] = model
  189.     for key,value in car_info.items():
  190.         profile[key] = value
  191.     return  profile
  192. #####8-15#####print_models.py
  193. from printing_functions import car_info
  194.  
  195. info = car_info('Audi','L6',color = 'black',tow_package = True)
  196. print(info)
  197.  
  198.  
  199. #####8-16#####print_models.py
  200. import printing_functions
  201. info = printing_functions.car_info('Audi','L6',color = 'black',tow_package = True)
  202. print(info)
  203.  
  204. from printing_functions import car_info
  205. info = car_info('Audi','L6',color = 'black',tow_package = True)
  206. print(info)
  207.  
  208. from printing_functions import car_info as ci
  209. info = ci('Audi','L6',color = 'black',tow_package = True)
  210. print(info)
  211.  
  212. import printing_functions as p
  213. info = p.car_info('Audi','L6',color = 'black',tow_package = True)
  214. print(info)
  215.  
  216. from printing_functions import *
  217. info = car_info('Audi','L6',color = 'black',tow_package = True)
  218. print(info)

第九章：类 

  1. #####9-1#####
  2. class Restaurant():
  3.     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
  4.         """初始化属性restaurant_name和cuisine_type"""
  5.         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name#获取存储在形参name中的值，并将其存储到变量name中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  6.         self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
  7.  
  8.     def describe_reataurant(self):
  9.         """打印属性信息"""
  10.         print("Our reataurant's name is "+ self.restaurant_name.title() +  ' .')
  11.         print("Our restaurant's type is "+ self.cuisine_type.upper() + ' .')
  12.  
  13.     def open_restaurant(self):
  14.         """指出餐厅正常营业"""
  15.         print("We are opening now! Welcome~")
  16.  
  17. restaurant = Restaurant('GOOD','bbq')
  18. restaurant.describe_reataurant()
  19. restaurant.open_restaurant()
  20.  
  21. #####9-2#####
  22. class Restaurant():
  23.     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
  24.         """初始化属性restaurant_name和cuisine_type"""
  25.         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name#获取存储在形参name中的值，并将其存储到变量name中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  26.         self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
  27.  
  28.     def describe_reataurant(self):
  29.         """打印属性信息"""
  30.         print("Our reataurant's name is "+ self.restaurant_name.title() +  ' .')
  31.         print("Our restaurant's type is "+ self.cuisine_type.upper() + ' .')
  32.  
  33.     def open_restaurant(self):
  34.         """指出餐厅正常营业"""
  35.         print("We are opening now! Welcome~")
  36.  
  37. restaurant_a = Restaurant('GOOD','bbq')#根据类创建实例
  38. restaurant_a.describe_reataurant()#调用方法
  39. restaurant_b = Restaurant('LUCK','hot pot')
  40. restaurant_b.describe_reataurant()
  41. restaurant_c = Restaurant('Work hard','noodle')
  42. restaurant_c.describe_reataurant()
  43.  
  44. #####9-3#####
  45. class User():
  46.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  47.         """初始化属性"""
  48.         self.first_name = first_name#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  49.         self.last_name = last_name#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  50.         self.gender = gender
  51.         self.birthday = birthday
  52.  
  53.     def describe_user(self):
  54.         """打印属性信息"""
  55.         print("first_name: "+ self.first_name.title())
  56.         print("last_name: "+ self.last_name.title())
  57.         print("gender: "+ self.gender.title())
  58.         print("birthday: "+ self.birthday.title())
  59.  
  60.  
  61.     def greet_user(self):
  62.         """发出个性化问候"""
  63.         print("Dear "+self.first_name+" "+self.last_name+" Nice to meet you~")
  64.  
  65. user_a = User('Jack','Black','m','3.2')#仅仅创建实例是不会打印结果的，要调用方法
  66. user_a.describe_user()
  67. user_a.greet_user()
  68. user_b = User('Linde','Wanda','f','9.7')
  69. user_b.describe_user()
  70. user_b.greet_user()
  71.  
  72.  
  73. #####9-4#####
  74. class Restaurant():
  75.     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
  76.         """初始化属性restaurant_name和cuisine_type"""
  77.         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name#获取存储在形参name中的值，并将其存储到变量name中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  78.         self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
  79.         self.number_served = 6
  80.  
  81.     def describe_reataurant(self):
  82.         """打印属性信息"""
  83.         print("Our reataurant's name is "+ self.restaurant_name.title() +  ' .')
  84.         print("Our restaurant's type is "+ self.cuisine_type.upper() + ' .')
  85.  
  86.     def open_restaurant(self):
  87.         """指出餐厅正常营业"""
  88.         print("We are opening now! Welcome~")
  89.  
  90.     def set_number_served(self,numbers):
  91.         """设置就餐人数"""
  92.         self.number_served = numbers
  93.         
  94.     def increment_number_served(self,incre):
  95.         """将就餐人数进行递增"""
  96.         self.number_served += incre
  97.         
  98.     def number_of_diners(self):
  99.         """打印出有多少人就餐"""
  100.         print("Here are "+str(self.number_served)+" guests~")
  101.  
  102. restaurant = Restaurant('GOOD','bbq')
  103. restaurant.describe_reataurant()
  104. restaurant.open_restaurant()
  105. restaurant.set_number_served(30)
  106. restaurant.number_of_diners()
  107. restaurant.increment_number_served(10)
  108. restaurant.number_of_diners()
  109.  
  110.  
  111. #####9-5#####
  112. class User():
  113.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  114.         """初始化属性"""
  115.         self.first_name = first_name#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  116.         self.last_name = last_name#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  117.         self.gender = gender
  118.         self.birthday = birthday
  119.         self.login_attempts = 0
  120.  
  121.     def describe_user(self):
  122.         """打印属性信息"""
  123.         print("first_name: "+ self.first_name.title())
  124.         print("last_name: "+ self.last_name.title())
  125.         print("gender: "+ self.gender.title())
  126.         print("birthday: "+ self.birthday.title())
  127.  
  128.  
  129.     def greet_user(self):
  130.         """发出个性化问候"""
  131.         print("Dear "+self.first_name+" "+self.last_name+" Nice to meet you~")
  132.  
  133.     def increment_login_attempts(self):
  134.         """login_attempts值增加1"""
  135.         self.login_attempts += 1
  136.         return self.login_attempts
  137.  
  138.     def reset__login_attempts(self):
  139.         """将属性login_attempts清0"""
  140.         self.login_attempts = 0
  141.         return self.login_attempts
  142.  
  143. user_a = User('Jack','Black','m','3.2')#仅仅创建实例是不会打印结果的，要调用方法
  144. user_a.describe_user()
  145. user_a.greet_user()
  146. num = user_a.increment_login_attempts()
  147. print(num)
  148. num = user_a.increment_login_attempts()
  149. print(num)
  150. num = user_a.increment_login_attempts()
  151. print(num)
  152. num = user_a.reset__login_attempts()
  153. print(num)
  154.  
  155.  
  156. #####9-6#####
  157. class Restaurant():
  158.     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
  159.         """初始化属性restaurant_name和cuisine_type"""
  160.         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name#获取存储在形参name中的值，并将其存储到变量name中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  161.         self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
  162.  
  163.     def describe_reataurant(self):
  164.         """打印属性信息"""
  165.         print("Our reataurant's name is "+ self.restaurant_name.title() +  ' .')
  166.         print("Our restaurant's type is "+ self.cuisine_type.upper() + ' .')
  167.  
  168.     def open_restaurant(self):
  169.         """指出餐厅正常营业"""
  170.         print("We are opening now! Welcome~")
  171.  
  172. class IceCreamStand(Restaurant):#括号里不要忘记指定父类
  173.     """继承自Restaurant类的IceCreamStand类"""
  174.  
  175.     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
  176.         super().__init__(restaurant_name,cuisine_type)
  177.         self.flavors = []
  178.  
  179.     def describe_flavor(self):
  180.         """显示冰淇淋口味列表"""
  181.         print("We have the following flavors:")
  182.         for flavor in self.flavors:
  183.             print("-"+flavor)
  184.  
  185. my_ice_cream = IceCreamStand("Ice Cream Palace","Ice Cream")
  186. my_ice_cream.flavors = ["Chocolate","Vanilla","Strawberry"]
  187. my_ice_cream.describe_flavor()
  188.  
  189. #####9-7#####
  190. class User():
  191.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  192.         """初始化属性"""
  193.         self.first_name = first_name#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  194.         self.last_name = last_name#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  195.         self.gender = gender
  196.         self.birthday = birthday
  197.  
  198.     def describe_user(self):
  199.         """打印属性信息"""
  200.         print("first_name: "+ self.first_name.title())
  201.         print("last_name: "+ self.last_name.title())
  202.         print("gender: "+ self.gender.title())
  203.         print("birthday: "+ self.birthday.title())
  204.  
  205.  
  206.     def greet_user(self):
  207.         """发出个性化问候"""
  208.         print("Dear "+self.first_name+" "+self.last_name+" Nice to meet you~")
  209.  
  210. class Admin(User):
  211.     """继承自User类的Admin类"""
  212.  
  213.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  214.         super().__init__(first_name,last_name,gender,birthday)
  215.         self.privileges = []
  216.  
  217.     def show_privileges(self):
  218.         print("An admin can:")
  219.         for privilege in self.privileges:
  220.             print("-"+privilege)
  221.  
  222. admin = Admin('Jack','White','m','3.4')
  223. admin.privileges = ['can add post','can delete post','can ban user']
  224. admin.show_privileges()
  225.  
  226.  
  227. #####9-8#####
  228. class User():
  229.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  230.         """初始化属性"""
  231.         self.first_name = first_name#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  232.         self.last_name = last_name#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  233.         self.gender = gender
  234.         self.birthday = birthday
  235.  
  236.     def describe_user(self):
  237.         """打印属性信息"""
  238.         print("first_name: "+ self.first_name.title())
  239.         print("last_name: "+ self.last_name.title())
  240.         print("gender: "+ self.gender.title())
  241.         print("birthday: "+ self.birthday.title())
  242.  
  243.  
  244.     def greet_user(self):
  245.         """发出个性化问候"""
  246.         print("Dear "+self.first_name+" "+self.last_name+" Nice to meet you~")
  247.  
  248. class Privileges():
  249.  
  250.     def __init__(self):
  251.         self.privileges = ["can add post", "can delete post", "can ban user"]
  252.  
  253.     def show_privileges(self):
  254.         print("An admin can:")
  255.         for privilege in self.privileges:
  256.             print("-"+privilege)
  257.  
  258. class Admin(User):
  259.     """继承自User类的Admin类"""
  260.  
  261.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  262.         super().__init__(first_name,last_name,gender,birthday)
  263.         self.privileges = Privileges()#创建一个Privileges实例
  264. #在这里，使用self.privileges 属性来存储一个 Privileges 类的实例对象。
  265. # Admin 类需要使用 Privileges 类中的属性和方法，而 Privileges 类的实例可以作为 Admin 类的属性来实现这一点
  266. #将 self.privileges 初始化为 Privileges() 
  267. # 会在 Admin 类的每个实例创建时创建一个新的 Privileges 实例。
  268. # 这样，每个 Admin 实例都会拥有自己的 Privileges 实例，而不是共享同一个实例。
  269. # 这有助于防止多个 Admin 实例之间相互干扰，并使代码更加模块化和易于维护。
  270. #因此，在这里使用实例来创建 self.privileges 属性
  271. # 是为了创建一个独立的 Privileges 实例，而不是仅仅将一个值分配给属性。
  272. #虽然在 self.privileges = Privileges() 这句话中没有传递任何参数，但是在 Privileges 类中的 #__init__ 方法中定义了一个默认的 privileges 属性
  273. #所以在创建 Privileges 实例时，会自动使用这个默认属性。
  274. #因此，self.privileges = Privileges() 这句话中实际上是创建了一个 Privileges 类的实例
  275. #并将其存储在 Admin 类的 self.privileges 属性中。
  276.     def show_privileges(self):
  277.         self.privileges.show_privileges()
  278.  
  279. admin = Admin('Linda','Red','f','1990-01-01')
  280. admin.show_privileges()
  281.  
  282. #####9-9#####
  283. class Car():
  284.     """一次模拟汽车的简单尝试"""
  285.     def __init__(self,make,model,year):
  286.         """初始化属性"""
  287.         self.make = make#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  288.         self.model = model#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  289.         self.year = year
  290.         self.odometer_reading = 0#在_init_中对属性设置了初始值之后，就无需包含为他提供初始值的形参
  291.  
  292.     def get_describe_name(self):
  293.         """返回整洁的描述性信息"""
  294.         long_name = str(self.year)+" "+self.make+' '+self.model
  295.         return long_name.title()
  296.  
  297.     def update_odometer(self,mileage):#修改属性值方法2：通过方法修改属性值
  298.         """将里程表设置为固定的值
  299.         禁止将里程表往回调"""
  300.         if mileage>self.odometer_reading:
  301.             self.odometer_reading = mileage
  302.         else:
  303.             print("You can't roll back an odometer!")
  304.  
  305.     def increment_odometer(self,miles):#修改属性值方法3：通过方法对属性值进行递增
  306.         """将里程表读数增加指定的量"""
  307.         self.odometer_reading += miles
  308.  
  309.     def read_odometer(self):
  310.         """打印一条指出汽车里程的信息"""
  311.         print("This car has "+str(self.odometer_reading)+" miles on it.")
  312.  
  313. class Battery():#这里Battery作为另一个实例
  314.     """一次模拟电动汽车电瓶的简单尝试"""
  315.  
  316.     def __init__(self,battery_size = 70):
  317.         """初始化电瓶属性"""
  318.         self.battery_size = battery_size
  319.  
  320.     def describe_battery(self):
  321.         """打印一条描述电瓶容量的信息"""
  322.         print("This car has a "+str(self.battery_size)+"-kWh battery.")
  323.  
  324.     def get_range(self):
  325.         """打印一条信息，指出电瓶的续航里程"""
  326.         if self.battery_size == 70:
  327.             range = 240
  328.         elif self.battery_size==85:
  329.             range = 270
  330.  
  331.         message = ("This car can go approximately "+str(range))
  332.         message += " miles on a full charge"
  333.         print(message)
  334.  
  335.     def upgrade_battery(self):
  336.         if self.battery_size<=85:
  337.             self.battery_size = 85
  338.  
  339. class ElectriCar(Car):
  340.     """电动汽车独特之处"""
  341.  
  342.     def __init__(self,make,model,year):
  343.         """初始化父类特征，再初始化电动汽车特有属性"""
  344.         super().__init__(make,model,year)
  345.         self.battery = Battery()#注意缩进
  346.  
  347.  
  348. my_electric_car = ElectriCar('Tesla', 'Model S', 2022)
  349. my_electric_car.get_describe_name()
  350. my_electric_car.battery.get_range()
  351. my_electric_car.battery.upgrade_battery()
  352. my_electric_car.battery.get_range()
  353. #这里使用battery而不是Battery是因为：battery 是 ElectricCar 类的一个属性
  354. # 这个属性引用了 Battery 类的一个实例。因为在 ElectricCar 的 __init__ 方法中
  355. # 我们创建了一个名为 battery 的 Battery 实例并将其赋值给了 self.battery 属性。
  356. # 所以 my_electric_car.battery 表示 my_electric_car 实例中的 battery 属性
  357. # 这个属性引用了一个 Battery 类的实例。
  358.  
  359.  
  360. #####9-10#####
  361. #创建实例，Exer.py
  362. from restaurant import Restaurant
  363.  
  364. info = Restaurant('SO hot','hot pot')
  365. info.describe_reataurant()
  366. info.open_restaurant()
  367.  
  368. #类，restaurant.py
  369. class Restaurant():
  370.     def __init__(self,restaurant_name,cuisine_type):
  371.         """初始化属性restaurant_name和cuisine_type"""
  372.         self.restaurant_name = restaurant_name#获取存储在形参name中的值，并将其存储到变量name中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  373.         self.cuisine_type = cuisine_type
  374.  
  375.     def describe_reataurant(self):
  376.         """打印属性信息"""
  377.         print("Our reataurant's name is "+ self.restaurant_name.title() +  ' .')
  378.         print("Our restaurant's type is "+ self.cuisine_type.upper() + ' .')
  379.  
  380.     def open_restaurant(self):
  381.         """指出餐厅正常营业"""
  382.         print("We are opening now! Welcome~")
  383.  
  384.  
  385. #####9-11#####
  386. #创建实例，Exer.py
  387. from Admin_info import Admin
  388.  
  389. admin = Admin('Linda','White','f','1990-01-01')
  390. admin.show_privileges()
  391.  
  392. #类，Admin_info.py
  393. class User():
  394.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  395.         """初始化属性"""
  396.         self.first_name = first_name#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  397.         self.last_name = last_name#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  398.         self.gender = gender
  399.         self.birthday = birthday
  400.  
  401.     def describe_user(self):
  402.         """打印属性信息"""
  403.         print("first_name: "+ self.first_name.title())
  404.         print("last_name: "+ self.last_name.title())
  405.         print("gender: "+ self.gender.title())
  406.         print("birthday: "+ self.birthday.title())
  407.  
  408.  
  409.     def greet_user(self):
  410.         """发出个性化问候"""
  411.         print("Dear "+self.first_name+" "+self.last_name+" Nice to meet you~")
  412.  
  413. class Privileges():
  414.  
  415.     def __init__(self):
  416.         self.privileges = ["can add post", "can delete post", "can ban user"]
  417.  
  418.     def show_privileges(self):
  419.         print("An admin can:")
  420.         for privilege in self.privileges:
  421.             print("-"+privilege)
  422.  
  423. class Admin(User):
  424.     """继承自User类的Admin类"""
  425.  
  426.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  427.         super().__init__(first_name,last_name,gender,birthday)
  428.         self.privileges = Privileges()#创建一个Privileges实例
  429.  
  430.     def show_privileges(self):
  431.         self.privileges.show_privileges()
  432.  
  433. #####9-12#####
  434. #创建实例，Exercise.py
  435. from User_b import Admin
  436.  
  437. admin = Admin('Linda','White','f','1990-01-01')
  438. admin.show_privileges()
  439.  
  440. #存放User类的模块 User_a.py
  441. class User():
  442.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  443.         """初始化属性"""
  444.         self.first_name = first_name#获取存储在形参中的值，并将其存储到变量中，然后该变量被关联到当前创建的实例
  445.         self.last_name = last_name#以self为前缀的变量可供类中的所有方法使用，还可以通过类的任何实例来访问这些变量
  446.         self.gender = gender
  447.         self.birthday = birthday
  448.  
  449.     def describe_user(self):
  450.         """打印属性信息"""
  451.         print("first_name: "+ self.first_name.title())
  452.         print("last_name: "+ self.last_name.title())
  453.         print("gender: "+ self.gender.title())
  454.         print("birthday: "+ self.birthday.title())
  455.  
  456.  
  457.     def greet_user(self):
  458.         """发出个性化问候"""
  459.         print("Dear "+self.first_name+" "+self.last_name+" Nice to meet you~")
  460.  
  461. #存放Privileges和Admin类的模块，User_b.py
  462. from User_a import User
  463.  
  464. class Privileges():
  465.  
  466.     def __init__(self):
  467.         self.privileges = ["can add post", "can delete post", "can ban user"]
  468.  
  469.     def show_privileges(self):
  470.         print("An admin can:")
  471.         for privilege in self.privileges:
  472.             print("-"+privilege)
  473.  
  474. class Admin(User):
  475.     """继承自User类的Admin类"""
  476.  
  477.     def __init__(self,first_name,last_name,gender,birthday):
  478.         super().__init__(first_name,last_name,gender,birthday)
  479.         self.privileges = Privileges()#创建一个Privileges实例
  480.  
  481.     def show_privileges(self):
  482.         self.privileges.show_privileges()
  483.  
  484. #####9-13#####
  485. from collections import OrderedDict
  486.  
  487. code = OrderedDict()
  488. code['for'] = '一种循环'
  489. code['if'] = '条件假设'
  490. code['and'] = '与运算'
  491. code['or'] = '或运算'
  492. code['=='] = '判断是否相等'
  493. for n,w in code.items():
  494.     print('\nName:'+ n)
  495.     print('\nWork:'+ w)
  496.  
  497. #####9-14#####
  498.  
  499. from random import randint
  500. class Die():
  501.     def __init__(self,sides = 6):#后期对属性值需要进行更改，这里使用通过方法修改
  502.         # 属性值的措施，所以会在初始化中加上sides，这样也有利于后期实例化的时候直接存放数值
  503.         self.sides = sides
  504.  
  505.     def roll_die(self):
  506.         x = randint(1,self.sides)
  507.         print(x)
  508.  
  509. #创建一个6面的骰子，并掷10次
  510. die6 = Die()
  511. for i in range(10):
  512.     die6.roll_die()
  513.  
  514. # 创建一个 10 面的骰子，并掷 10 次
  515. die10 = Die(10)
  516. for i in range(10):
  517.     die10.roll_die()
  518.  
  519. # 创建一个 20 面的骰子，并掷 10 次
  520. die20 = Die(20)
  521. for i in range(20):
  522.     die20.roll_die()

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