Python：《外星人入侵》小游戏_外星人入侵游戏编程收获

Python：《外星人入侵》
现在地球科技发展的十分迅速，相信在不久的将来，人类一定能像游戏《第二银河》中那样在太空遨游。到了那时，外星文明会发现我们，战争也就无法避免了。

出于这个想法，我便利用Python中的pygame库编写了一个关于外星人入侵的游戏，游戏说明如下：
在游戏《外星人入侵》中，玩家控制着一艘最初出现在屏幕底部中央的飞船。玩家可以使用箭头键左右移动飞船，还可以使用空格键进行射击。游戏开始时，一群外星人出现在天空中，他们在屏幕中向下移动。玩家的任务就是射杀这些外星人。玩家将所有外星人都消灭干净以后，将会出现一群新的外星人，他们移动的速度更快。只要有外星人撞到了玩家的飞船或到达屏幕底部，玩家就损失一艘飞船。玩家损失三艘飞船后，游戏结束。

话不多说，上代码：
源代码如下：

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Group

from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
import game_functions as gf

def run_game():
    # Initialize pygame, settings, and screen object.
    pygame.init()
    ai_settings = Settings()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
        (ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height))
    pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")
    
    # Make the Play button.
    play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")
    
    # Create an instance to store game statistics, and a scoreboard.
    stats = GameStats(ai_settings)
    sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)
    
    # Set the background color.
    bg_color = (230, 230, 230)
    
    # Make a ship, a group of bullets, and a group of aliens.
    ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)
    bullets = Group()
    aliens = Group()
    
    # Create the fleet of aliens.
    gf.create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)

    # Start the main loop for the game.
    while True:
        gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,
            aliens, bullets)
        
        if stats.game_active:
            ship.update()
            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
                bullets)
            gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
                bullets)
        
        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
            bullets, play_button)

run_game()
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辅助代码如下：

import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Group

from settings import Settings
from game_stats import GameStats
from scoreboard import Scoreboard
from button import Button
from ship import Ship
import game_functions as gf

def run_game():
    # Initialize pygame, settings, and screen object.
    pygame.init()
    ai_settings = Settings()
    screen = pygame.display.set_mode(
        (ai_settings.screen_width, ai_settings.screen_height))
    pygame.display.set_caption("Alien Invasion")
    
    # Make the Play button.
    play_button = Button(ai_settings, screen, "Play")
    
    # Create an instance to store game statistics, and a scoreboard.
    stats = GameStats(ai_settings)
    sb = Scoreboard(ai_settings, screen, stats)
    
    # Set the background color.
    bg_color = (230, 230, 230)
    
    # Make a ship, a group of bullets, and a group of aliens.
    ship = Ship(ai_settings, screen)
    bullets = Group()
    aliens = Group()
    
    # Create the fleet of aliens.
    gf.create_fleet(ai_settings, screen, ship, aliens)

    # Start the main loop for the game.
    while True:
        gf.check_events(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, play_button, ship,
            aliens, bullets)
        
        if stats.game_active:
            ship.update()
            gf.update_bullets(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
                bullets)
            gf.update_aliens(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
                bullets)
        
        gf.update_screen(ai_settings, screen, stats, sb, ship, aliens,
            bullets, play_button)

run_game()

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import pygame
from pygame.sprite import Sprite

class Bullet(Sprite):
    """A class to manage bullets fired from the ship."""

    def __init__(self, ai_settings, screen, ship):
        """Create a bullet object, at the ship's current position."""
        super(Bullet, self).__init__()
        self.screen = screen

        # Create bullet rect at (0, 0), then set correct position.
        self.rect = pygame.Rect(0, 0, ai_settings.bullet_width,
            ai_settings.bullet_height)
        self.rect.centerx = ship.rect.centerx
        self.rect.top = ship.rect.top
        
        # Store a decimal value for the bullet's position.
        self.y = float(self.rect.y)

        self.color = ai_settings.bullet_color
        self.speed_factor = ai_settings.bullet_speed_factor

    def update(self):
        """Move the bullet up the screen."""
        # Update the decimal position of the bullet.
        self.y -= self.speed_factor
        # Update the rect position.
        self.rect.y = self.y

    def draw_bullet(self):
        "
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