第一步、前往mysql官网下载所需的版本
Mysql5.7的rpm包下载地址为https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.26-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar
下载完成后就上传的CentOS系统上。
第二步、解压安装
|
1
2
3
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# mkdir Mysql
//创建一个专门的Mysql目录
[root@youxi2 ~]# tar xf mysql-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C Mysql/
//将解压的文件放到Mysql目录下
[root@youxi2 ~]# yum -y install make gcc-c++ cmake bison-devel ncurses-devel libaio libaio-devel net-tools
//安装依赖包
|
由于CentOS7开始自带的数据库是mariadb，所以需要卸载系统中的mariadb组件，才能安装mysql的组件
|
1
2
3
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb
mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64
[root@youxi2 ~]# yum -y remove mariadb-libs
|
现在开始安装mysql，由于依赖关系，所以顺序是固定的。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# rpm -ivh Mysql/mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：Mysql/mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-common-5.7.16-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@youxi2 ~]# rpm -ivh Mysql/mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：Mysql/mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.16-1.el7################################# [100%]
[root@youxi2 ~]# rpm -ivh Mysql/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：Mysql/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.1################################# [100%]
[root@youxi2 ~]# rpm -ivh Mysql/mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
警告：Mysql/mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-client-5.7.16-1.e################################# [100%]
[root@youxi2 ~]# rpm -ivh Mysql/mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
//之后安装就成功了
警告：Mysql/mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
准备中... ################################# [100%]
正在升级/安装...
1:mysql-community-server-5.7.16-1.e################################# [100%]
|
第三步、启动mysql并设置开机自启
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@youxi2 ~]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@youxi2 ~]# systemctl status mysqld
● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 日 2019-06-02 12:11:34 CST; 45s ago
Main PID: 7840 (mysqld)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
└─7840 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/
var
/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
6月 02 12:11:26 youxi2 systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
6月 02 12:11:34 youxi2 systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.
|
第四步、获取mysql临时密码，设置mysql的root用户密码
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# grep
"password"
/
var
/log/mysqld.log
//前往日志文件查找临时密码
2019-06-02T04:11:28.935057Z 1 [Note] A temporary password
is
generated
for
root@localhost: zS+u&ro49wbo
[root@youxi2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p
"zS+u&ro49wbo"
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id
is
2
Server version: 5.7.16
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to clear the current input statement.
//可以看到设置简单的密码是会报错的，具体原因看最后的扩展
mysql> alter user
'root'
@
'localhost'
identified
by
'123456'
;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> alter user
'root'
@
'localhost'
identified
by
'root1234'
;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> alter user
'root'
@
'localhost'
identified
by
'root1234ABC'
;
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql> alter user
'root'
@
'localhost'
identified
by
'root1234ABCD!@#$'
;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> exit
Bye
|
修改密码出来使用“alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'root1234ABCD!@#$';”，也可以使用“set password for root@localhost=password('root1234ABCD!@#$');”
第五步、测试
由于有特殊符号，必须用引号包裹密码
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# mysql -u root -p
'root1234ABCD!@#$'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id
is
3
Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
|
扩展：如果想要设置简单密码概如何操作？
有两种方法，一种在mysql里使用命令修改，一种直接修改配置文件。
在mysql里使用命令修改的办法：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# mysql -u root -p
'root1234ABCD!@#$'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id
is
3
Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
select
@@validate_password_policy;
//这个参数是密码复杂程度
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_policy |
+----------------------------+
| MEDIUM |
+----------------------------+
1 row
in
set
(0.02 sec)
mysql>
select
@@validate_password_length;
//这个参数是密码长度
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 8 |
+----------------------------+
1 row
in
set
(0.00 sec)
mysql>
set
global validate_password_policy=0;
//global全局的
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql>
set
global validate_password_length=1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
set
password
for
root@localhost=password(
'123'
);
ERROR 1819 (HY000): Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements
mysql>
set
password
for
root@localhost = password(
'1234'
);
//设置密码
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
//刷新
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
//退出
Bye
[root@youxi2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id
is
4
Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
|
说明：1.validate_password_policy复杂度级别：0表示密码达到长度即可；1表示密码需达到长度，还需有数字、大小写字母（可以单一可以混合）以及特殊字符；2表示密码需达到长度，还需数字、大小写字母（可以单一可以混合）以及特殊字符字典文件。MEDIUM是中等，也就是1。
2.validate_password_length其实是一个动态的值，它的最小值等于validate_password_number_count+validate_password_special_char_count+(2*validate_password_mixed_case_count)，而这三个参数分别对应密码中数字、特殊字符、大小写字母的最小数量。我操作时设置了validate_password_length=1，实际再次读取validate_password_length的值是4。
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
mysql>
select
@@validate_password_length;
+----------------------------+
| @@validate_password_length |
+----------------------------+
| 4 |
+----------------------------+
1 row
in
set
(0.00 sec)
|
直接修改配置文件的办法：
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
|
[root@youxi2 ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
validate-password=OFF
//在[mysqld]模块内添加，将validate_password插件关闭
[root@youxi2 ~]# systemctl restart mysqld
//重启mysqld服务
[root@youxi2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1234
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id
is
2
Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
set
password
for
root@localhost=password(
'1'
);
//validate_password插件关闭后密码长度只需大于等于1即可，复杂度没有要求
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
//刷新
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> exit
//退出
Bye
[root@youxi2 ~]# mysql -uroot -p1
mysql: [Warning] Using a password
on
the command line
interface
can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id
is
3
Server version: 5.7.16 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle
is
a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type
'help;'
or
'\h'
for
help. Type
'\c'
to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
|
注意：Mysql5.7是自带validate_password插件，关闭后对密码没有复杂度要求，只需密码长度大于等于1。
建议：/etc/my.cnf中将默认字符集设置为utf8，即添加一行character_set_server=utf8，然后重启mysqld
