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Autofac详解_autofacserviceproviderfactory

作者：凡人多烦事01 | 2024-02-25 21:18:53

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autofacserviceproviderfactory

Autofac详解

零、文章目录

一、Autofac详解

1、概述

2、快速开始

（1）Nuget引入程序包

Autofac   基于版本6.3演示，Net5

（2）容器创建对象

  1. //创建一个容器建造者
  2. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  3. //注册普通类
  4. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>();
  5. //build一下，得到一个容器
  6. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  7. //可以基于容器来获取对象的实例
  8. Honer phone = container.Resolve<Honer>();

3、注册的类型

（1）注册普通类

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>();
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. Honer phone = container.Resolve<Honer>();

（2）注册抽象与实现

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>();
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. IPhone phone = container.Resolve<IPhone>();

（3）注册程序集

  • RegisterAssemblyTypes(程序集数组)，程序集必须是public的
  • AsImplementedInterfaces()：表示注册的类型，以接口的方式注册
  • PropertiesAutowired()：支持属性注入
  • Where：满足条件类型注册

  1. var basePath = AppContext.BaseDirectory;
  2. var dll = Path.Combine(basePath, "MyAutofac.dll");
  3. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  4. var assemblysServices = Assembly.LoadFrom(dll);
  5. containerBuilder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(assemblysServices)
  6.     .Where(t => !t.Name.EndsWith("XXX"))
  7.     .AsImplementedInterfaces()
  8.     .PropertiesAutowired();                        
  9. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  10. ITeacher teacher = container.Resolve<ITeacher>();

image-20220615171348335

4、三种注入方式

（1）构造函数注入

默认支持，无法用特性进行筛选，默认选参数最多的构造函数进行注入

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>();
  3. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Teacher>().As<ITeacher>();
  4. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Student>().As<IStudent>();
  5. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  6. ITeacher teacher = container.Resolve<ITeacher>();

image-20220507144924795

（2）全部属性注入

关键词PropertiesAutowired，这个对象所有属性全部注入

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>();
  3. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Teacher>().As<ITeacher>().PropertiesAutowired();
  4. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Student>().As<IStudent>();
  5. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  6. ITeacher teacher = container.Resolve<ITeacher>();

image-20220507145543126

（3）标记特性的属性注入

关键词PropertiesAutowired，定义特性选择器CustomPropertySelector

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>();
  3. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Teacher>().As<ITeacher>().PropertiesAutowired(new CustomPropertySelector());
  4. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Student>().As<IStudent>();
  5. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  6. ITeacher teacher = container.Resolve<ITeacher>();

  1. public class CustomPropertySelector : IPropertySelector
  2. {
  3.     public bool InjectProperty(PropertyInfo propertyInfo, object instance)
  4.     {
  5.         var flag = propertyInfo.CustomAttributes.Any(it => it.AttributeType == typeof(SelectPropAttribute));
  6.         return flag;
  7.     }
  8. }

image-20220507151030788

（4）方法注入

关键词OnActivated，指定调用方法

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>();
  3. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Teacher>().As<ITeacher>()
  4.     .OnActivated(p =>
  5.     {
  6.         p.Instance.SetStudent1(p.Context.Resolve<IStudent>());
  7.     });
  8. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Student>().As<IStudent>();
  9. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  10. ITeacher teacher = container.Resolve<ITeacher>();

image-20220507154431887

5、对象生命周期

（1）瞬时生命周期

每次获取都是全新的实例，关键词InstancePerDependency，默认的生命周期

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>().InstancePerDependency();
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. IPhone phone1 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  5. IPhone phone2 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  6. bool isflg1 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone2);
  7. Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerDependency：phone1==phone2=>{isflg1}");

InstancePerDependency：phone1==phone2=>False

（2）单例生命周期

同一个进程内都是同一个实例，关键词SingleInstance

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>().SingleInstance();
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. IPhone phone1 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  5. IPhone phone2 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  6. bool isflg1 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone2);
  7. Console.WriteLine($"SingleInstance：phone1==phone2=>{isflg1}");
  8. using (var scope = container.BeginLifetimeScope())
  9. {
  10.     IPhone phone3 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  11.     IPhone phone4 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  12.     bool isflg2 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone3, phone4);
  13.     Console.WriteLine($"SingleInstance：phone3==phone4=>{isflg2}");
  14.     bool isflg3 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone3);
  15.     Console.WriteLine($"SingleInstance：phone1==phone3=>{isflg3}");
  16. }

  1. SingleInstance：phone1==phone2=>True
  2. SingleInstance：phone3==phone4=>True
  3. SingleInstance：phone1==phone3=>True

（3）作用域生命周期

同一个作用域内都是同一个实例，关键词InstancePerLifetimeScope

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>().InstancePerLifetimeScope();
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. IPhone phone1 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  5. IPhone phone2 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  6. bool isflg1 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone2);
  7. Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone1==phone2=>{isflg1}");
  8. IPhone phone3 = null;
  9. IPhone phone4 = null;
  10. using (var scope = container.BeginLifetimeScope())
  11. {
  12.     phone3 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  13.     phone4 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  14.     bool isflg2 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone3, phone4);
  15.     Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone3==phone4=>{isflg2}");
  16.     bool isflg3 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone3);
  17.     Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone1==phone3=>{isflg3}");
  18. }
  19. IPhone phone5 = null;
  20. IPhone phone6 = null;
  21. using (var scope = container.BeginLifetimeScope())
  22. {
  23.     phone5 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  24.     phone6 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  25.     bool isflg2 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone5, phone6);
  26.     Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone5==phone6=>{isflg2}");
  27.     bool isflg3 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone5);
  28.     Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone1==phone5=>{isflg3}");
  29. }
  30. bool isflg4 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone3, phone5);
  31. Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone3==phone5=>{isflg4}");

  1. InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone1==phone2=>True
  2. InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone3==phone4=>True
  3. InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone1==phone3=>False
  4. InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone5==phone6=>True
  5. InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone1==phone5=>False
  6. InstancePerLifetimeScope：phone3==phone5=>False

（4）作用域范围生命周期

在作用域范围外无法创建实例，在作用域范围里面，同一个作用域下面的对象是同一个，关键词InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>().InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope("scope1", "scope2");
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. IPhone phone1 = null;
  5. IPhone phone2 = null;
  6. using (var scope = container.BeginLifetimeScope("scope1"))
  7. {
  8.     phone1 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  9.     phone2 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  10.     bool isflg1 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone2);
  11.     Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope：phone1==phone2=>{isflg1}");
  12. }
  13. IPhone phone3 = null;
  14. using (var scope = container.BeginLifetimeScope("scope2"))
  15. {
  16.     phone3 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  17. }                   
  18. IPhone phone4 = null;
  19. using (var scope = container.BeginLifetimeScope("scope2"))
  20. {                        
  21.     phone4 = scope.Resolve<IPhone>();
  22. }
  23. bool isflg2 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone3, phone4);
  24. Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope：phone3==phone4=>{isflg2}");
  25. bool isflg3 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone3);
  26. Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope：phone1==phone3=>{isflg3}");

  1. InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope：phone1==phone2=>True
  2. InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope：phone3==phone4=>False
  3. InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope：phone1==phone3=>False

（5）一次请求同一个对象

关键词InstancePerRequest，只能在web项目中调试，控制台报错

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>().InstancePerRequest();
  3. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  4. IPhone phone1 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  5. IPhone phone2 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  6. bool isflg1 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone2);
  7. Console.WriteLine($"InstancePerRequest：phone1==phone2=>{isflg1}");

6、支持配置文件注册

（1）nuget引入程序集

  1. Autofac
  2. Autofac.Configuration
  3. Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration.Json

（2）配置文件autofac.json，属性->始终复制

  1. {
  2.   "components": [
  3.     {
  4.       //实现
  5.       "type": "Net5.IOC.Honer,Net5.IOC",
  6.       //抽象
  7.       "services": [
  8.         {
  9.           "type": "Net5.IOC.IPhone,Net5.IOC"
  10.         }
  11.       ],
  12.       //生命周期
  13.       "instanceScope": "single-instance",
  14.       //属性注入 
  15.       "injectProperties": true
  16.     }
  17.   ]
  18. }

（3）通过配置文件注册创建对象

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. IConfigurationBuilder config = new ConfigurationBuilder();
  3. IConfigurationSource autofacJsonConfigSource = new JsonConfigurationSource()
  4. {
  5.     Path = "Autofac/autofac.json",
  6.     Optional = false,//boolean,默认就是false,可不写
  7.     ReloadOnChange = true,//同上
  8. };
  9. config.Add(autofacJsonConfigSource);
  10. ConfigurationModule module = new ConfigurationModule(config.Build());
  11. containerBuilder.RegisterModule(module);
  12. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  13. IPhone phone1 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  14. IPhone phone2 = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  15. bool isflg1 = object.ReferenceEquals(phone1, phone2);
  16. Console.WriteLine($"配置文件注册：phone1==phone2=>{isflg1}");

（4）运行结果

配置文件注册：phone1==phone2=>True

7、支持AOP切面编程

可以在不修改方法的前提下，在方法前后添加公共逻辑，日志，异常，缓存等

（1）nuget引入程序集

  1. Castle.Core
  2. Autofac.Extras.DynamicProxy

（2）自定义一个切面类实现IInterceptor接口

  1. public class CustomInterceptor : IInterceptor
  2. {
  3.     public void Intercept(IInvocation invocation)
  4.     {
  5.         Console.WriteLine("方法执行前。。。");
  6.         //执行当前方法
  7.         invocation.Proceed();
  8.         Console.WriteLine("方法执行后。。。");
  9.     }
  10. }

（3）在抽象/实现类上添加特性标记

  1. [Intercept(typeof(CustomInterceptor))]
  2. public interface IPhone
  3. {
  4.     string ShowName();
  5. }
  6. //实现类虚方法
  7. public class Honer : IPhone
  8. {
  9.     public virtual string ShowName()
  10.     {
  11.         Console.WriteLine("Honer");
  12.         return "Honer";
  13.     }
  14. }

（4）在容器中注册关系创建对象

  • EnableInterfaceInterceptors + 特性标记在抽象上，所有实现类都支持AOP
  • EnableInterfaceInterceptors + 特性标记到实现类上，标记的类就支持AOP
  • EnableClassInterceptors，要支持AOP的方法必须要是用virtual虚方法
  • EnableClassInterceptors + 特性标记在抽象上，所有实现类都支持AOP
  • EnableClassInterceptors + 特性标记到实现类上，标记的类就支持AOP

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().As<IPhone>().EnableInterfaceInterceptors();
  3. containerBuilder.RegisterType(typeof(CustomInterceptor));
  4. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  5. IPhone phone = container.Resolve<IPhone>();
  6. phone.ShowName();

（5）运行结果

  1. 方法执行前。。。
  2. Honer
  3. 方法执行后。。。

8、单抽象多实现问题

（1）在容器中注册关系创建对象

注册的时候不标记名字，后注册的会覆盖先注册的
注册的时候标记下名字，创建对象的时候用名称来区分

  1. ContainerBuilder containerBuilder = new ContainerBuilder();
  2. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Honer>().Named<IPhone>("Honer");
  3. containerBuilder.RegisterType<Huawei>().Named<IPhone>("Huawei");
  4. IContainer container = containerBuilder.Build();
  5. IPhone honer = container.ResolveNamed<IPhone>("Honer");
  6. IPhone huawei = container.ResolveNamed<IPhone>("Huawei");
  7. honer.ShowName();
  8. huawei.ShowName();

（2）运行结果

  1. Honer
  2. Huawei

9、集成到Asp.NetCore5框架

（1）nuget引入程序集

  1. Autofac
  2. Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection

（2）定义实现类和抽象

  1. public class UserService : IUserService
  2. {    
  3.     private IUserRepository UserRepositoryCtor { get; set; }
  4.     public UserService(IUserRepository userRepository)
  5.     {
  6.         UserRepositoryCtor = userRepository;
  7.     }    
  8.     public string Login(string username, string password)
  9.     {
  10.         return "登录成功";
  11.     }
  12. }

（3）添加控制器和页面

  1. public class FourthController : Controller
  2. {
  3.     private IUserService _userService;
  4.     public FourthController(IUserService userService)
  5.     {
  6.         this._userService = userService;
  7.     }
  8.     public IActionResult Index()
  9.     {
  10.         object result = this._userService.Login("username", "password");
  11.         return View(result);
  12.     }
  13. }

  1. @model String
  2. <h2>this is fourth index...</h2>
  3. <h2>@Model</h2>

（4）在Program替换容器工厂

  1. public class Program
  2. {
  3.     public static void Main(string[] args)
  4.     {
  5.         CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
  6.     }
  7.  
  8.     public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
  9.         Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
  10.             .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
  11.             {
  12.                 webBuilder.UseStartup<Startup>();
  13.             })
  14.             .UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory());
  15. }

（5）在Startup类的ConfigureServices方法中替换创建控制器的类

  1. //控制器默认是有IControllerActivator创建的，替换成由容器创建
  2. services.Replace(ServiceDescriptor.Transient<IControllerActivator, ServiceBasedControllerActivator>());

（6）注册抽象和实现的关系

在Startup类中专门增加一个方法ConfigureContainer，用于注册抽象和实现，可以把这些注册信息进行模块化封装到AutofacModule

当抽象类和实现非常多的时候，可以将整个dll注册，特殊的关系可以写在后面覆盖前面的注册关系。

  1. /// <summary>
  2. /// Autofac专用：注册抽象和细节之间的关系，使用autofac后原来内置注册的关系要注释掉
  3. /// Autofac和ServiceCollection是二者并存的，Autofac会接管ServiceCollection的一切
  4. /// </summary>
  5. /// <param name="builder"></param>
  6. public void ConfigureContainer(ContainerBuilder builder)
  7. {
  8.     builder.RegisterModule<AutofacModule>();
  9. }

  1. public class AutofacModule : Module
  2. {
  3.     /// <summary>
  4.     /// 重写Autofac管道中的Load方法，在这里注入注册的内容
  5.     /// </summary>
  6.     /// <param name="builder"></param>
  7.     protected override void Load(ContainerBuilder builder)
  8.     {
  9.         //注册抽象与实现
  10.         builder.RegisterType<UserRepository>().As<IUserRepository>();
  11.         builder.RegisterType<UserService>().As<IUserService>();
  12.  
  13.         //注册所有控制器类
  14.         var controllersTypesInAssembly = typeof(Startup).Assembly.GetExportedTypes()
  15.          .Where(type => typeof(ControllerBase).IsAssignableFrom(type)).ToArray();
  16.         //实现属性注入，这边无法实现方法注入
  17.         builder.RegisterTypes(controllersTypesInAssembly).PropertiesAutowired();
  18.     }
  19. }

（7）运行结果

image-20220617130527205

image-20220509140121017

（8）在Startup的Configure方法中用容器创建对象

  1. using (var container = host.Services.CreateScope())
  2. {
  3.     IUserService userService = container.ServiceProvider.GetService<IUserService>();
  4. }

image-20220617131016831

（9）单抽象多实现集成到框架

注入的时候通过构造函数或者属性注入autofac上下文实例，再根据名称创建对应实例。

定义单抽象和多实例类

  1. //抽象
  2. public interface ITestService
  3. {
  4.     string Show();
  5. }
  6. //实现1
  7. public class TestServiceA : ITestService
  8. {
  9.     public string Show()
  10.     {
  11.         return "TestServiceA";
  12.     }
  13. }
  14. //实现2
  15. public class TestServiceB : ITestService
  16. {
  17.     public string Show()
  18.     {
  19.         return "TestServiceB";
  20.     }
  21. }

在AutofacModule注册抽象和实现的关系

  1. //单抽象多实现注册
  2. builder.RegisterType<TestServiceA>().Named<ITestService>("a");
  3. builder.RegisterType<TestServiceB>().Named<ITestService>("b");

添加控制器和页面

  1. public class FifthController : Controller
  2. {
  3.     private IComponentContext _componentContext;
  4.  
  5.     public FifthController(IComponentContext componentContext)
  6.     {
  7.         this._componentContext = componentContext;
  8.     }
  9.  
  10.     public IActionResult Index()
  11.     {
  12.         ITestService testServiceA = _componentContext.ResolveNamed<ITestService>("a");
  13.         ITestService testServiceB = _componentContext.ResolveNamed<ITestService>("b");
  14.         object result = $"{testServiceA.Show()}--{testServiceB.Show()}";
  15.         return View(result);
  16.     }
  17. }

  1. @model String
  2. <h2>this is Fifth index...</h2>
  3. <h2>@Model</h2>

运行结果

image-20220510102820041


---------------------
作者：李宥小哥
来源：CSDN
原文：https://blog.csdn.net/liyou123456789/article/details/125331813
版权声明：本文为作者原创文章，转载请附上博文链接！
内容解析By：CSDN,CNBLOG博客文章一键转载插件

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