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GRPC是google开源的一个高性能、跨语言的RPC框架,基于HTTP2协议,基于protobuf 3.x,基于Netty 4.x +。
对于开发者而言:
1)需要使用protobuf定义接口,即.proto文件
2)然后使用compile工具生成特定语言的执行代码,比如JAVA、C/C++、Python等。类似于thrift,为了解决跨语言问题。
3)启动一个Server端,server端通过侦听指定的port,来等待Client链接请求,通常使用Netty来构建,GRPC内置了Netty的支持。
4)启动一个或者多个Client端,Client也是基于Netty,Client通过与Server建立TCP常链接,并发送请求;Request与Response均被封装成HTTP2的stream Frame,通过Netty Channel进行交互。
Protocol Buffers是一个跨语言、跨平台的具有可扩展机制的序列化数据工具。也就是说,我在ubuntu下用python语言序列化一个对象,并使用http协议传输到使用java语言的android客户端,java使用对用的代码工具进行反序列化,也可以得到对应的对象。听起来好像跟json没有多大区别。。。其实区别挺多的。
Google说protobuf是smaller,faster,simpler,我们使用google规定的proto协议定义语言,之后使用proto的工具对代码进行“编译”,生成对应的各个平台的源代码,我们可以使用这些源代码进行工作。
Proto2与proto3:
Proto2和proto3有些区别,包括proto语言的规范,以及生成的代码,proto3更好用,更简便,所以我们直接存proto3开始。
a.使用proto3生成java文件(相关依赖)
<properties> <jackson.version>2.8.3</jackson.version> <grpc.version>1.6.1</grpc.version> <os.plugin.version>1.5.0.Final</os.plugin.version> <protobuf.plugin.version>0.5.0</protobuf.plugin.version> <protoc.version>3.3.0</protoc.version> <grpc.netty.version>4.1.14.Final</grpc.netty.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>io.grpc</groupId> <artifactId>grpc-netty</artifactId> <version>${grpc.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.grpc</groupId> <artifactId>grpc-protobuf</artifactId> <version>${grpc.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.grpc</groupId> <artifactId>grpc-stub</artifactId> <version>${grpc.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>io.netty</groupId> <artifactId>netty-common</artifactId> <version>${grpc.netty.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-annotations</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-core</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId> <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId> <version>${jackson.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <extensions> <extension> <groupId>kr.motd.maven</groupId> <artifactId>os-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${os.plugin.version}</version> </extension> </extensions> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.xolstice.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>protobuf-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${protobuf.plugin.version}</version> <configuration> <protocArtifact>com.google.protobuf:protoc:${protoc.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}</protocArtifact> <pluginId>grpc-java</pluginId> <pluginArtifact>io.grpc:protoc-gen-grpc-java:${grpc.version}:exe:${os.detected.classifier}</pluginArtifact> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>compile</goal> <goal>compile-custom</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build>
b.编写proto3文件
syntax = "proto3";//版本 option java_multiple_files = true; option java_package = "com.aiccms.device.grpc.lib"; option java_outer_classname = "DeviceFixProto"; option objc_class_prefix = "HLW"; package device; // The device service definition. service DeviceFixService { // Sends a message rpc insertDeviceFix (deviceFix) returns (booleanReply){} rpc updateDeviceFix (deviceFix) returns (booleanReply){} rpc searchDeviceFix (conditionsRequest) returns (deviceFix){} rpc deleteDeviceFix (conditionsRequest) returns (booleanReply){} } // The request message . message conditionsRequest { string id = 1; } message deviceFix { string id=1; string serialNum=2; string userNum=3; int32 status=4; int32 type=5; string address=6; string createtime=7; string updatetime=8; } // The response message message booleanReply { bool reply = 1; } // The response message message objectReply { bool reply = 1; }
c.使用mvn命令 protobuf:compile 和protobuf:compile-custom命令编译生成java文件!
生成之后的文件在target目录中
注意:proto目录与java目录同级,以上
内容都应放到公共模块,因为这些类不管是客户端和服务端都要使用。
d.编写grpc服务端,首先添加maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>net.devh</groupId>
<artifactId>grpc-server-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
e.服务端代码
@Slf4j @GrpcService(DeviceFixServiceGrpc.class) public class deviceGrpcService extends DeviceFixServiceGrpc.DeviceFixServiceImplBase{ @Autowired private IDevicesFixService deviceService; @Override public void insertDeviceFix(deviceFix request, StreamObserver<booleanReply> responseObserver) { DevicesFix deviceFix = DevicesFix.builder().id(request.getId()) .serialNum(request.getSerialNum()) .address(request.getAddress()) .createtime(DateUtil.toDate(request.getCreatetime(), DatePattern.TIMESTAMP)) .updatetime(DateUtil.toDate(request.getUpdatetime(), DatePattern.TIMESTAMP)) .userNum(request.getUserNum()) .status(request.getStatus()) .type(request.getType()) .build(); log.info(deviceFix.toString()); boolean replyTag = deviceService.insert(deviceFix); booleanReply reply = booleanReply.newBuilder().setReply(replyTag).build(); responseObserver.onNext(reply); responseObserver.onCompleted(); }
f.在配置文件中添加配置信息
#grpc server config
spring.application.name: grpc-server
grpc.server.port:7052
g.编写客户端代码:引入maven依赖
<dependency>
<groupId>net.devh</groupId>
<artifactId>grpc-client-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
<version>1.3.0-RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
h.编写gprc接口实现,注解@grpcClient 填写grpc接口名称
@Service @Slf4j public class DeviceGrpcService { @GrpcClient("device-grpc-server") private Channel serverChannel; public String insertDeviceFix( ){ DeviceFixServiceGrpc.DeviceFixServiceBlockingStub stub = DeviceFixServiceGrpc.newBlockingStub(serverChannel); booleanReply response = stub.insertDeviceFix( deviceFix.newBuilder() .setId("UUID-O1") .setSerialNum("AUCCMA-01") .setAddress("SHENZHEN") .setCreatetime(DateUtil.toString(new Date(), DatePattern.TIMESTAMP)) .setUpdatetime(DateUtil.toString(new Date(), DatePattern.TIMESTAMP)) .setStatus(1) .setType(1) .build()); log.info("grpc消费者收到:--》"+response.getReply()); if(response.getReply()){ return "success"; }else{ return "fail"; } } }
i.配置文件中加入接口的服务端地址,grpc.client.[服务器规定的接口名称].post/host
grpc.client.grpc-server.host:127.0.0.1
grpc.client.grpc-server.port:7052
j.接口测试
@RestController @Api(value = "Testcontroller", description = "测试swagger") public class Testcontroller { @Autowired private DeviceGrpcService deviceGrpcService; @RequestMapping("/testInsertDeviceFix") @ApiOperation(value = "test", httpMethod = "GET", notes = "测试grpc插入") public String printMessage3(@RequestParam(defaultValue = "Hmemb") String name) { return deviceGrpcService.insertDeviceFix(); } @RequestMapping("/TEST1") @ApiOperation(value = "test", httpMethod = "GET", notes = "测试1") public String printMessage(@RequestParam(defaultValue = "Michael") String name) { return name; } }
然后就ok啦!
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