文章首发于blog.csdn.net/doujinlong1…
在spring中,dao层大多都是用Mybatis,那么
1,Mybatis执行sql最重要的是什么?
在以前对Mybatis的源码解读中,我们知道,Mybatis利用了动态代理来做,最后实现的类是MapperProxy,在最后执行具体的方法时,实际上执行的是:
- @Override
- public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
- if (Object.class.equals(method.getDeclaringClass())) {
- try {
- return method.invoke(this, args);
- } catch (Throwable t) {
- throw ExceptionUtil.unwrapThrowable(t);
- }
- }
- final MapperMethod mapperMethod = cachedMapperMethod(method);
- return mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
- }
- 复制代码
最重要的一步:
- mapperMethod.execute(sqlSession, args);
- 复制代码
这里的sqlSession 其实是在Spring的配置时设置的 sqlSessionTemplate,随便对其中的一个进行跟进:可以在sqlSessionTemplate类中发现很好这样的方法,用来执行具体的sql,如:
- @Override
- public <T> T selectOne(String statement, Object parameter) {
- return this.sqlSessionProxy.<T> selectOne(statement, parameter);
- }
- 复制代码
这一步就是最后执行的方法,那么问题来了 sqlSessionProxy 到底是啥呢? 这又得回到最开始。
2,使用mybatis连接mysql时一般都是需要注入SqlSessionFactory,SqlSessionTemplate,PlatformTransactionManager。
其中SqlSessionTemplate是生成sqlSession的模版,来看他的注入过程(注解形式注入):
- @Bean
- public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory) {
- return new SqlSessionTemplate(sqlSessionFactory);
- }
- 复制代码
在这个初始化过程中:
- /**
- * Constructs a Spring managed {@code SqlSession} with the given
- * {@code SqlSessionFactory} and {@code ExecutorType}.
- * A custom {@code SQLExceptionTranslator} can be provided as an
- * argument so any {@code PersistenceException} thrown by MyBatis
- * can be custom translated to a {@code RuntimeException}
- * The {@code SQLExceptionTranslator} can also be null and thus no
- * exception translation will be done and MyBatis exceptions will be
- * thrown
- *
- * @param sqlSessionFactory
- * @param executorType
- * @param exceptionTranslator
- */
- public SqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType,
- PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) {
-
- notNull(sqlSessionFactory, "Property 'sqlSessionFactory' is required");
- notNull(executorType, "Property 'executorType' is required");
-
- this.sqlSessionFactory = sqlSessionFactory;
- this.executorType = executorType;
- this.exceptionTranslator = exceptionTranslator;
- this.sqlSessionProxy = (SqlSession) newProxyInstance(
- SqlSessionFactory.class.getClassLoader(),
- new Class[] { SqlSession.class },
- new SqlSessionInterceptor());
- 复制代码
}
最后一步比较重要,用java动态代理生成了一个sqlSessionFactory。代理的类是:
- /**
- * Proxy needed to route MyBatis method calls to the proper SqlSession got
- * from Spring's Transaction Manager
- * It also unwraps exceptions thrown by {@code Method#invoke(Object, Object...)} to
- * pass a {@code PersistenceException} to the {@code PersistenceExceptionTranslator}.
- */
- private class SqlSessionInterceptor implements InvocationHandler {
- @Override
- public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) throws Throwable {
- SqlSession sqlSession = getSqlSession(
- SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory,
- SqlSessionTemplate.this.executorType,
- SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator);
- try {
- Object result = method.invoke(sqlSession, args);
- if (!isSqlSessionTransactional(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory)) {
- // force commit even on non-dirty sessions because some databases require
- // a commit/rollback before calling close()
- sqlSession.commit(true);
- }
- return result;
- } catch (Throwable t) {
- Throwable unwrapped = unwrapThrowable(t);
- if (SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator != null && unwrapped instanceof PersistenceException) {
- // release the connection to avoid a deadlock if the translator is no loaded. See issue #22
- closeSqlSession(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory);
- sqlSession = null;
- Throwable translated = SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator.translateExceptionIfPossible((PersistenceException) unwrapped);
- if (translated != null) {
- unwrapped = translated;
- }
- }
- throw unwrapped;
- } finally {
- if (sqlSession != null) {
- closeSqlSession(sqlSession, SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory);
- }
- }
- }
- 复制代码
}
在sqlSession执行sql的时候就会用这个代理类。isSqlSessionTransactional 这个会判断是不是有Transactional,没有则直接提交。如果有则不提交,在最外层进行提交。
其中
- getSqlSession(SqlSessionTemplate.this.sqlSessionFactory,SqlSessionTemplate.this.executorType,SqlSessionTemplate.this.exceptionTranslator);
- 复制代码
这个方法用来获取sqlSession。具体实现如下:
- /**
- * Gets an SqlSession from Spring Transaction Manager or creates a new one if needed.
- * Tries to get a SqlSession out of current transaction. If there is not any, it creates a new one.
- * Then, it synchronizes the SqlSession with the transaction if Spring TX is active and
- * <code>SpringManagedTransactionFactory</code> is configured as a transaction manager.
- *
- * @param sessionFactory a MyBatis {@code SqlSessionFactory} to create new sessions
- * @param executorType The executor type of the SqlSession to create
- * @param exceptionTranslator Optional. Translates SqlSession.commit() exceptions to Spring exceptions.
- * @throws TransientDataAccessResourceException if a transaction is active and the
- * {@code SqlSessionFactory} is not using a {@code SpringManagedTransactionFactory}
- * @see SpringManagedTransactionFactory
- */
- public static SqlSession getSqlSession(SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory, ExecutorType executorType, PersistenceExceptionTranslator exceptionTranslator) {
-
- notNull(sessionFactory, NO_SQL_SESSION_FACTORY_SPECIFIED);
- notNull(executorType, NO_EXECUTOR_TYPE_SPECIFIED);
-
- SqlSessionHolder holder = (SqlSessionHolder) TransactionSynchronizationManager.getResource(sessionFactory);
-
- SqlSession session = sessionHolder(executorType, holder);
- if (session != null) {
- return session;
- }
-
- if (LOGGER.isDebugEnabled()) {
- LOGGER.debug("Creating a new SqlSession");
- }
-
- session = sessionFactory.openSession(executorType);
-
- registerSessionHolder(sessionFactory, executorType, exceptionTranslator, session);
-
- return session;
- }
- 复制代码
这个sqlSession的创建其实看他方法解释就够了,“从Spring事务管理器中获取一个sqlsession,如果没有,则创建一个新的”,这句话的意思其实就是如果有事务,则sqlSession用一个,如果没有,就给你个新的咯。 再通俗易懂一点:**如果在事务里,则Spring给你的sqlSession是一个,否则,每一个sql给你一个新的sqlSession。**这里生成的sqlSession其实就是DefaultSqlSession了。后续可能仍然有代理,如Mybatis分页插件等,不在此次讨论的范围内。
3,第二步的 sqlSession 一样不一样到底有什么影响?
在2中,我们看到如果是事务,sqlSession 一样,如果不是,则每次都不一样,且每次都会提交。这是最重要的。
sqlSession,顾名思义,就是sql的一个会话,在这个会话中发生的事不影响别的会话,如果会话提交,则生效,不提交不生效。
来看下sqlSession 这个接口的介绍。
- /**
- * The primary Java interface for working with MyBatis.
- * Through this interface you can execute commands, get mappers and manage transactions.
- * 为Mybatis工作最重要的java接口,通过这个接口来执行命令,获取mapper以及管理事务
- * @author Clinton Begin
- */
- 复制代码
注释很明白了,来一一看看怎么起的这些作用。
3.1,执行命令。
在第一个小标题中 执行sql最重要的方法就是 this.sqlSessionProxy. selectOne(statement, parameter); 这个方法,而在第二个小标题中我们看到是通过代理来执行的,最后实际上没有事务则提交sql。这就是执行sql的基本动作了。获取sqlsession,提交执行Sql。
3.2,获取mapper。
在我们日常的代码中可能不会这么写,但是实际上,如果必要我们是可以这么做的,如:
- XxxxxMapper xxxxxMapper = session.getMapper(xxxxxMapper.class);
- 复制代码
一般情况下,如果要这么做,首先需要注入 sqlSessionFactory,然后利用
- sqlSessionFactory.openSession()。
- 复制代码
即可获取session。
####3.3,事务管理 ####
上面我一直提到一点,sqlSession 那个代理类里有个操作,判断这个是不是事务管理的sqlSession,如果是,则不提交,不是才提交,这个就是事务管理了,那么有个问题,在哪里提交这个事务呢????
4,事务从哪里拦截,就从哪里提交
Spring中,如果一个方法被 @Transactional 注解标注,在生效的情况下(不生效的情况见我写动态代理的那篇博客),则最终会被TransactionInterceptor 这个类所代理,执行的方法实际上是这样的:
- @Override
- public Object invoke(final MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {
- // Work out the target class: may be {@code null}.
- // The TransactionAttributeSource should be passed the target class
- // as well as the method, which may be from an interface.
- Class<?> targetClass = (invocation.getThis() != null ? AopUtils.getTargetClass(invocation.getThis()) : null);
-
- // Adapt to TransactionAspectSupport's invokeWithinTransaction...
- return invokeWithinTransaction(invocation.getMethod(), targetClass, new InvocationCallback() {
- @Override
- public Object proceedWithInvocation() throws Throwable {
- return invocation.proceed();
- }
- });
- }
- 复制代码
继续看invokeWithinTransaction这个方法:
- /**
- * General delegate for around-advice-based subclasses, delegating to several other template
- * methods on this class. Able to handle {@link CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager}
- * as well as regular {@link PlatformTransactionManager} implementations.
- * @param method the Method being invoked
- * @param targetClass the target class that we're invoking the method on
- * @param invocation the callback to use for proceeding with the target invocation
- * @return the return value of the method, if any
- * @throws Throwable propagated from the target invocation
- */
- protected Object invokeWithinTransaction(Method method, Class<?> targetClass, final InvocationCallback invocation)
- throws Throwable {
-
- // If the transaction attribute is null, the method is non-transactional.
- final TransactionAttribute txAttr = getTransactionAttributeSource().getTransactionAttribute(method, targetClass);
- final PlatformTransactionManager tm = determineTransactionManager(txAttr);
- final String joinpointIdentification = methodIdentification(method, targetClass);
-
- //基本上我们的事务管理器都不是一个CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager,所以基本上都是会从这个地方进入,下面的else情况暂不讨论。
- if (txAttr == null || !(tm instanceof CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager)) {
- // Standard transaction demarcation with getTransaction and commit/rollback calls.
- //获取具体的TransactionInfo ,如果要用编程性事务,则把这块的代码可以借鉴一下。
- TransactionInfo txInfo = createTransactionIfNecessary(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification);
- Object retVal = null;
- try {
- // This is an around advice: Invoke the next interceptor in the chain.
- // This will normally result in a target object being invoked.
- retVal = invocation.proceedWithInvocation(); //执行被@Transactional标注里面的具体方法。
- }
- catch (Throwable ex) {
- // target invocation exception
- //异常情况下,则直接完成了,因为在sqlsession执行完每一条指令都没有提交事务,所以表现出来的就是回滚事务。
- completeTransactionAfterThrowing(txInfo, ex);
- throw ex;
- }
- finally {
- cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
- }
- //正常执行完成的提交事务方法 跟进可以看到实际上执行的是:(编程性事务的提交)
- // ==============txInfo.getTransactionManager().commit(txInfo.getTransactionStatus());===========
- commitTransactionAfterReturning(txInfo);
- return retVal;
- }
- // =======================else情况不讨论================================
- else {
- // It's a CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager: pass a TransactionCallback in.
- try {
- Object result = ((CallbackPreferringPlatformTransactionManager) tm).execute(txAttr,
- new TransactionCallback<Object>() {
- @Override
- public Object doInTransaction(TransactionStatus status) {
- TransactionInfo txInfo = prepareTransactionInfo(tm, txAttr, joinpointIdentification, status);
- try {
- return invocation.proceedWithInvocation();
- }
- catch (Throwable ex) {
- if (txAttr.rollbackOn(ex)) {
- // A RuntimeException: will lead to a rollback.
- if (ex instanceof RuntimeException) {
- throw (RuntimeException) ex;
- }
- else {
- throw new ThrowableHolderException(ex);
- }
- }
- else {
- // A normal return value: will lead to a commit.
- return new ThrowableHolder(ex);
- }
- }
- finally {
- cleanupTransactionInfo(txInfo);
- }
- }
- });
- // Check result: It might indicate a Throwable to rethrow.
- if (result instanceof ThrowableHolder) {
- throw ((ThrowableHolder) result).getThrowable();
- }
- else {
- return result;
- }
- }
- catch (ThrowableHolderException ex) {
- throw ex.getCause();
- }
- }
- }
- 复制代码
5,小结,SqlSession 还在别的地方有用到吗?
其实,Mybatis的一级缓存就是 SqlSession 级别的,只要SqlSession 不变,则默认缓存生效,也就是说,如下的代码,实际上只会查一次库的:
- XxxxxMapper xxxxxMapper = session.getMapper(xxxxxMapper.class);
- //对应的sql为: select id from test_info;
- xxxxxMapper.selectFromDb();
- xxxxxMapper.selectFromDb();
- xxxxxMapper.selectFromDb();
- 复制代码
实际上只会被执行一次,感兴趣的朋友们可以试试。
但是,在日常使用中,我们都是使用spring来管理Mapper,在执行selectFromDb 这个操作的时候,其实每次都会有一个新的SqlSession,所以,Mybatis的一级缓存是用不到的。