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序号 | 操作系统及版本 | 备注 |
---|---|---|
1 | CentOS7u9 |
需求 | CPU | 内存 | 硬盘 | 角色 | 主机名 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
值 | 4C | 8G | 100GB | master | k8s-master01 |
值 | 4C | 8G | 100GB | worker(node) | k8s-worker01 |
值 | 4C | 8G | 100GB | worker(node) | k8s-worker02 |
由于本次使用3台主机完成kubernetes集群部署,其中1台为master节点,名称为k8s-master01;其中2台为worker节点,名称分别为:k8s-worker01及k8s-worker02
master节点
# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-master01
worker01节点
# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-worker01
worker02节点
# hostnamectl set-hostname k8s-worker02
k8s-master节点IP地址为:192.168.10.200/24 # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 TYPE="Ethernet" PROXY_METHOD="none" BROWSER_ONLY="no" BOOTPROTO="none" DEFROUTE="yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6INIT="yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy" NAME="ens33" DEVICE="ens33" ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR="192.168.10.200" PREFIX="24" GATEWAY="192.168.10.2" DNS1="119.29.29.29"
k8s-worker1节点IP地址为:192.168.10.201/24 # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 TYPE="Ethernet" PROXY_METHOD="none" BROWSER_ONLY="no" BOOTPROTO="none" DEFROUTE="yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6INIT="yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy" NAME="ens33" DEVICE="ens33" ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR="192.168.10.201" PREFIX="24" GATEWAY="192.168.10.2" DNS1="119.29.29.29"
k8s-worker2节点IP地址为:192.168.10.202/24 # vim /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 TYPE="Ethernet" PROXY_METHOD="none" BROWSER_ONLY="no" BOOTPROTO="none" DEFROUTE="yes" IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6INIT="yes" IPV6_AUTOCONF="yes" IPV6_DEFROUTE="yes" IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL="no" IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE="stable-privacy" NAME="ens33" DEVICE="ens33" ONBOOT="yes" IPADDR="192.168.10.202" PREFIX="24" GATEWAY="192.168.10.2" DNS1="119.29.29.29"
所有集群主机均需要进行配置。
# cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.10.200 k8s-master01
192.168.10.201 k8s-worker01
192.168.10.202 k8s-worker02
所有主机均需要操作。
关闭现有防火墙firewalld
# systemctl disable firewalld
# systemctl stop firewalld
# firewall-cmd --state
not running
所有主机均需要操作。修改SELinux配置需要重启操作系统。
# sed -ri 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/' /etc/selinux/config
所有主机均需要操作。最小化安装系统需要安装ntpdate软件。
# crontab -l
0 */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate time1.aliyun.com
所有主机均需要操作。
导入elrepo gpg key
# rpm --import https://www.elrepo.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-elrepo.org
安装elrepo YUM源仓库
# yum -y install https://www.elrepo.org/elrepo-release-7.0-4.el7.elrepo.noarch.rpm
安装kernel-ml版本,ml为长期稳定版本,lt为长期维护版本
# yum --enablerepo="elrepo-kernel" -y install kernel-ml.x86_64
设置grub2默认引导为0
# grub2-set-default 0
重新生成grub2引导文件
# grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
更新后,需要重启,使用升级的内核生效。
# reboot
重启后,需要验证内核是否为更新对应的版本
# uname -r
所有主机均需要操作。
添加网桥过滤及内核转发配置文件
# cat /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
vm.swappiness = 0
加载br_netfilter模块
# modprobe br_netfilter
查看是否加载
# lsmod | grep br_netfilter
br_netfilter 22256 0
bridge 151336 1 br_netfilter
所有主机均需要操作。
安装ipset及ipvsadm
# yum -y install ipset ipvsadm
配置ipvsadm模块加载方式
添加需要加载的模块
# cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack
EOF
授权、运行、检查是否加载
# chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack
修改完成后需要重启操作系统,如不重启,可临时关闭,命令为swapoff -a
永远关闭swap分区,需要重启操作系统
# cat /etc/fstab
......
# /dev/mapper/centos-swap swap swap defaults 0 0
在上一行中行首添加#
使用阿里云开源软件镜像站。
# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo
# yum -y install docker-ce
# systemctl enable --now docker
/etc/docker/daemon.json 默认没有此文件,需要单独创建
在/etc/docker/daemon.json添加如下内容
# cat /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"]
}
# systemctl restart docker
wget https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/getgo/installer_linux
chmod +x ./installer_linux
./installer_linux
source ~/.bash_profile
克隆cri-dockerd源码
# git clone https://github.com/Mirantis/cri-dockerd.git
查看克隆下来的目录
# ls
cri-dockerd
查看目录中内容
# ls cri-dockerd/
LICENSE Makefile packaging README.md src VERSION
# cd cri-dockerd
创建bin目录并构建cri-dockerd二进制文件
# mkdir bin
# go get && go build -o ../bin/cri-dockerd
创建/usr/local/bin,默认存在时,可不用创建 # mkdir -p /usr/local/bin 安装cri-dockerd # install -o root -g root -m 0755 bin/cri-dockerd /usr/local/bin/cri-dockerd 复制服务管理文件至/etc/systemd/system目录中 # cp -a packaging/systemd/* /etc/systemd/system 指定cri-dockerd运行位置 #sed -i -e 's,/usr/bin/cri-dockerd,/usr/local/bin/cri-dockerd,' /etc/systemd/system/cri-docker.service 启动服务 # systemctl daemon-reload # systemctl enable cri-docker.service # systemctl enable --now cri-docker.socket
kubeadm | kubelet | kubectl | |
---|---|---|---|
版本 | 1.24.0 | 1.24.0 | 1.24.0 |
安装位置 | 集群所有主机 | 集群所有主机 | 集群所有主机 |
作用 | 初始化集群、管理集群等 | 用于接收api-server指令,对pod生命周期进行管理 | 集群应用命令行管理工具 |
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
https://packages.cloud.google.com/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
所有节点均可安装
安装
# yum -y install kubeadm kubelet kubectl
为了实现docker使用的cgroupdriver与kubelet使用的cgroup的一致性,建议修改如下文件内容。
# vim /etc/sysconfig/kubelet
KUBELET_EXTRA_ARGS="--cgroup-driver=systemd"
设置kubelet为开机自启动即可,由于没有生成配置文件,集群初始化后自动启动
# systemctl enable kubelet
可使用VPN实现下载。
# kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=v1.24.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.25.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.25.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.25.0
registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.25.0
registry.k8s.io/pause:3.8
registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.5.4-0
registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.9.3
# cat image_download.sh #!/bin/bash images_list=' registry.k8s.io/kube-apiserver:v1.25.0 registry.k8s.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.25.0 registry.k8s.io/kube-scheduler:v1.25.0 registry.k8s.io/kube-proxy:v1.25.0 registry.k8s.io/pause:3.8 registry.k8s.io/etcd:3.5.4-0 registry.k8s.io/coredns/coredns:v1.9.3' for i in $images_list do docker pull $i done docker save -o k8s-1-25-0.tar $images_list
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.25.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.224.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.10.200 --cri-socket unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
如果不添加--cri-socket选项,则会报错,内容如下:
Found multiple CRI endpoints on the host. Please define which one do you wish to use by setting the 'criSocket' field in the kubeadm configuration file: unix:///var/run/containerd/containerd.sock, unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
To see the stack trace of this error execute with --v=5 or higher
初始化过程输出 [init] Using Kubernetes version: v1.25.0 [preflight] Running pre-flight checks [preflight] Pulling images required for setting up a Kubernetes cluster [preflight] This might take a minute or two, depending on the speed of your internet connection [preflight] You can also perform this action in beforehand using 'kubeadm config images pull' [certs] Using certificateDir folder "/etc/kubernetes/pki" [certs] Generating "ca" certificate and key [certs] Generating "apiserver" certificate and key [certs] apiserver serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 kubernetes kubernetes.default kubernetes.default.svc kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local] and IPs [10.96.0.1 192.168.10.200] [certs] Generating "apiserver-kubelet-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "front-proxy-ca" certificate and key [certs] Generating "front-proxy-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "etcd/ca" certificate and key [certs] Generating "etcd/server" certificate and key [certs] etcd/server serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 localhost] and IPs [192.168.10.200 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certs] Generating "etcd/peer" certificate and key [certs] etcd/peer serving cert is signed for DNS names [k8s-master01 localhost] and IPs [192.168.10.200 127.0.0.1 ::1] [certs] Generating "etcd/healthcheck-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "apiserver-etcd-client" certificate and key [certs] Generating "sa" key and public key [kubeconfig] Using kubeconfig folder "/etc/kubernetes" [kubeconfig] Writing "admin.conf" kubeconfig file [kubeconfig] Writing "kubelet.conf" kubeconfig file [kubeconfig] Writing "controller-manager.conf" kubeconfig file [kubeconfig] Writing "scheduler.conf" kubeconfig file [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet environment file with flags to file "/var/lib/kubelet/kubeadm-flags.env" [kubelet-start] Writing kubelet configuration to file "/var/lib/kubelet/config.yaml" [kubelet-start] Starting the kubelet [control-plane] Using manifest folder "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-apiserver" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-controller-manager" [control-plane] Creating static Pod manifest for "kube-scheduler" [etcd] Creating static Pod manifest for local etcd in "/etc/kubernetes/manifests" [wait-control-plane] Waiting for the kubelet to boot up the control plane as static Pods from directory "/etc/kubernetes/manifests". This can take up to 4m0s [apiclient] All control plane components are healthy after 13.006785 seconds [upload-config] Storing the configuration used in ConfigMap "kubeadm-config" in the "kube-system" Namespace [kubelet] Creating a ConfigMap "kubelet-config" in namespace kube-system with the configuration for the kubelets in the cluster [upload-certs] Skipping phase. Please see --upload-certs [mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master01 as control-plane by adding the labels: [node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane node.kubernetes.io/exclude-from-external-load-balancers] [mark-control-plane] Marking the node k8s-master01 as control-plane by adding the taints [node-role.kubernetes.io/master:NoSchedule node-role.kubernetes.io/control-plane:NoSchedule] [bootstrap-token] Using token: 8x4o2u.hslo8xzwwlrncr8s [bootstrap-token] Configuring bootstrap tokens, cluster-info ConfigMap, RBAC Roles [bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to get nodes [bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow Node Bootstrap tokens to post CSRs in order for nodes to get long term certificate credentials [bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow the csrapprover controller automatically approve CSRs from a Node Bootstrap Token [bootstrap-token] Configured RBAC rules to allow certificate rotation for all node client certificates in the cluster [bootstrap-token] Creating the "cluster-info" ConfigMap in the "kube-public" namespace [kubelet-finalize] Updating "/etc/kubernetes/kubelet.conf" to point to a rotatable kubelet client certificate and key [addons] Applied essential addon: CoreDNS [addons] Applied essential addon: kube-proxy Your Kubernetes control-plane has initialized successfully! To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config Alternatively, if you are the root user, you can run: export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join 192.168.10.200:6443 --token 8x4o2u.hslo8xzwwlrncr8s \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7323a8b0658fc33d89e627f078f6eb16ac94394f9a91b3335dd3ce73a3f313a0
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# ls /root/.kube/
config
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.conf
使用calico部署集群网络
安装参考网址:https://projectcalico.docs.tigera.io/about/about-calico
下载operator资源清单文件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/tigera-operator.yaml
应用资源清单文件,创建operator
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl create -f tigera-operator.yaml
通过自定义资源方式安装
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# wget https://docs.projectcalico.org/manifests/custom-resources.yaml
修改文件第13行,修改为使用kubeadm init ----pod-network-cidr对应的IP地址段
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# vim custom-resources.yaml
......
11 ipPools:
12 - blockSize: 26
13 cidr: 10.224.0.0/16
14 encapsulation: VXLANCrossSubnet
......
应用资源清单文件
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl apply -f custom-resources.yaml
监视calico-sysem命名空间中pod运行情况
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# watch kubectl get pods -n calico-system
Wait until each pod has the
STATUS
ofRunning
.
删除 master 上的 taint
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl taint nodes --all node-role.kubernetes.io/master-
已经全部运行
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n calico-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-666bb9949-dzp68 1/1 Running 0 11m
calico-node-jhcf4 1/1 Running 4 11m
calico-typha-68b96d8d9c-7qfq7 1/1 Running 2 11m
查看kube-system命名空间中coredns状态,处于Running状态表明联网成功。
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d4b75cb6d-js5pl 1/1 Running 0 12h
coredns-6d4b75cb6d-zm8pc 1/1 Running 0 12h
etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-7nhr7 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-fv4kr 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-vv5vg 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
下载二进制文件
# curl -L https://github.com/projectcalico/calico/releases/download/v3.21.4/calicoctl-linux-amd64 -o calicoctl
安装calicoctl # mv calicoctl /usr/bin/ 为calicoctl添加可执行权限 # chmod +x /usr/bin/calicoctl 查看添加权限后文件 # ls /usr/bin/calicoctl /usr/bin/calicoctl 查看calicoctl版本 # calicoctl version Client Version: v3.21.4 Git commit: 220d04c94 Cluster Version: v3.21.4 Cluster Type: typha,kdd,k8s,operator,bgp,kubeadm
通过~/.kube/config连接kubernetes集群,查看已运行节点
# DATASTORE_TYPE=kubernetes KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/config calicoctl get nodes
NAME
k8s-master01
因容器镜像下载较慢,可能会导致报错,主要错误为没有准备好cni(集群网络插件),如有网络,请耐心等待即可。
[root@k8s-worker01 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.10.200:6443 --token 8x4o2u.hslo8xzwwlrncr8s \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7323a8b0658fc33d89e627f078f6eb16ac94394f9a91b3335dd3ce73a3f313a0 --cri-socket unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
[root@k8s-worker02 ~]# kubeadm join 192.168.10.200:6443 --token 8x4o2u.hslo8xzwwlrncr8s \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:7323a8b0658fc33d89e627f078f6eb16ac94394f9a91b3335dd3ce73a3f313a0 --cri-socket unix:///var/run/cri-dockerd.sock
在master节点上操作,查看网络节点是否添加
# DATASTORE_TYPE=kubernetes KUBECONFIG=~/.kube/config calicoctl get nodes
NAME
k8s-master01
k8s-worker01
k8s-worker02
查看所有的节点
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get nodes
NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSION
k8s-master01 Ready control-plane 12h v1.25.0
k8s-worker01 Ready <none> 12h v1.25.0
k8s-worker02 Ready <none> 12h v1.25.0
查看集群健康情况
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get cs
Warning: v1 ComponentStatus is deprecated in v1.19+
NAME STATUS MESSAGE ERROR
controller-manager Healthy ok
scheduler Healthy ok
etcd-0 Healthy {"health":"true","reason":""}
查看kubernetes集群pod运行情况
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n kube-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
coredns-6d4b75cb6d-js5pl 1/1 Running 0 12h
coredns-6d4b75cb6d-zm8pc 1/1 Running 0 12h
etcd-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-apiserver-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-controller-manager-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-7nhr7 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-fv4kr 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-vv5vg 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
再次查看calico-system命名空间中pod运行情况。
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n calico-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-5b544d9b48-xgfnk 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-node-7clf4 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-node-cjwns 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-node-hhr4n 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-typha-6cb6976b97-5lnpk 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-typha-6cb6976b97-9w9s8 1/1 Running 0 12h
1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-7nhr7 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-fv4kr 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-proxy-vv5vg 1/1 Running 0 12h
kube-scheduler-k8s-master01 1/1 Running 0 12h
~~~powershell
再次查看calico-system命名空间中pod运行情况。
[root@k8s-master01 ~]# kubectl get pods -n calico-system
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
calico-kube-controllers-5b544d9b48-xgfnk 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-node-7clf4 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-node-cjwns 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-node-hhr4n 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-typha-6cb6976b97-5lnpk 1/1 Running 0 12h
calico-typha-6cb6976b97-9w9s8 1/1 Running 0 12h
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