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步骤一:在pom.xml文件中添加MYSQl和JPA的相关Jar包依赖,具体添加位置在dependencies中,具体添加的内容如下所示。
- <!--数据库相关配置-->
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>mysql</groupId>
- <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId>
- <artifactId>poi</artifactId>
- <version>3.11</version>
- </dependency>
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
步骤二:在application.properties配置文件中加入数据库的相关配置,配置信息如下所示。
- spring.datasource.url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/webtest
- spring.datasource.username = root
- spring.datasource.password = 220316
- spring.datasource.driverClassName = com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
- # Specify the DBMS
- spring.jpa.database = MYSQL
- # Show or not log for each sql query
- spring.jpa.show-sql = true
- # Hibernate ddl auto (create, create-drop, update)
- spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto = update
- # Naming strategy
- spring.jpa.hibernate.naming-strategy = org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy
- # stripped before adding them to the entity manager)
- spring.jpa.properties.hibernate.dialect = org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
这里给大家解释一下:webtest代表数据库名称、root是用户名、220316是密码
步骤三:编写数据库操作的实体类,实体类具体信息如下所示:
- package example.entity;
- import javax.persistence.*;
- import javax.validation.constraints.NotNull;
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- import java.util.Date;
- @Entity
- @Table(name = "user")
- public class User {
- @Id
- @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO)
- private int id;
-
- @Column(name = "name", nullable = true, length = 30)
- private String name;
-
- @Column(name = "height", nullable = true, length = 10)
- private int height;
-
- @Column(name = "sex", nullable = true, length = 2)
- private char sex;
-
- @Temporal(TemporalType.DATE)
- private Date birthday;
-
- @Temporal(TemporalType.TIMESTAMP)
- private Date sendtime; // 日期类型,格式:yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss
-
- @Column(name = "price", nullable = true, length = 10)
- private BigDecimal price;
-
- @Column(name = "floatprice", nullable = true, length = 10)
- private float floatprice;
-
-
- @Column(name = "doubleprice", nullable = true, length = 10)
- private double doubleprice;
-
- public Date getSendtime() {
- return sendtime;
- }
-
- public void setSendtime(Date sendtime) {
- this.sendtime = sendtime;
- }
-
- public BigDecimal getPrice() {
- return price;
- }
-
- public void setPrice(BigDecimal price) {
- this.price = price;
- }
-
- public float getFloatprice() {
- return floatprice;
- }
-
- public void setFloatprice(float floatprice) {
- this.floatprice = floatprice;
- }
-
- public double getDoubleprice() {
- return doubleprice;
- }
-
- public void setDoubleprice(double doubleprice) {
- this.doubleprice = doubleprice;
- }
-
- public User() { }
-
- public char getSex() {
- return sex;
- }
-
- public void setSex(char sex) {
- this.sex = sex;
- }
-
- public Date getBirthday() {
- return birthday;
- }
-
- public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
- this.birthday = birthday;
- }
-
- public User(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
-
- public int getId() {
- return id;
- }
-
- public void setId(int id) {
- this.id = id;
- }
-
- public String getName() {
- return name;
- }
-
- public void setName(String name) {
- this.name = name;
- }
-
- public int getHeight() {
- return height;
- }
-
- public void setHeight(int height) {
- this.height = height;
- }
- }
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
大家这里需要注意的是:实体类中的类名和字段属性都要和数据库中表和字段相互对应。下面给出一张MYSQL-JAVA各种属性的对应关系图:
步骤四:编写dao层的数据操作类,dao数据操作类如下所示:
- package example.dao;
- import example.entity.User;
- import org.springframework.data.repository.CrudRepository;
- import javax.transaction.Transactional;
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.List;
-
- @Transactional
- public interface UserDao extends CrudRepository<User, Integer> {
- public List<User> findByName(String name);
- public List<User> findBySex(char sex);
- public List<User> findByBirthday(Date birthday);
- public List<User> findBySendtime(Date sendtime);
- public List<User> findByPrice(BigDecimal price);
- public List<User> findByFloatprice(float floatprice);
- public List<User> findByDoubleprice(double doubleprice);
- }
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
大家这里可能会有疑问,为什么要继承CrudRepository<User, Integer>,具体有什么作用呢?
我这里给大家简单的介绍一下JPA中一些常用的用法和使用准则:
1.首先就是要继承CrudRepository这个方法,里面包含的两个参数的具体含义是:第一个参数表示所操作的实体类名称,第二个参数表示实体类中主键的类型。
2.继承完之后就可以使用一些继承自父类的方法了,比如上面所示可以使用findBy+“你要查询的字段名称”,通过这样的方法就可以轻轻松松实现SQL查询的功能了。
说道这里可能大家还是有点迷糊,给大家举一个例子就知道了:
例如上面的findByName(String name)其实等价于SQL语句中的 select *from user where name=?。这样一对比大家是不是马上就清楚这个方法到底代表什么含义了吧。
步骤五:编写controller这个控制类,控制类具体信息如下所示:
- package example.controller;
- import example.dao.UserDao;
- import example.entity.User;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
- import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
- import java.math.BigDecimal;
- import java.text.ParseException;
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.List;
- @Controller
- public class UserController {
- @Autowired
- private UserDao userDao;
- @RequestMapping("/getName")
- @ResponseBody
- public String getByName(String name) {
- List<User> userList = userDao.findByName(name);
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + name + " is not exist.";
- }
-
- @RequestMapping("/getSex")
- @ResponseBody
- public String getBySex(char sex) {
- List<User> userList = userDao.findBySex(sex);
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + sex + " is not exist.";
- }
-
- @RequestMapping("/getBirthday")
- @ResponseBody
- public String findByBirthday(String birthday) {
- System.out.println("birthday:"+birthday);
- SimpleDateFormat formate=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
- List<User> userList = null;
- try {
- userList = userDao.findByBirthday(formate.parse(birthday));
- } catch (ParseException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + birthday + " is not exist.";
- }
-
- @RequestMapping("/getSendtime")
- @ResponseBody
- public String findBySendtime(String sendtime) {
- System.out.println("sendtime:"+sendtime);
- SimpleDateFormat formate=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
- List<User> userList = null;
- try {
- userList = userDao.findBySendtime(formate.parse(sendtime));
- } catch (ParseException e) {
- e.printStackTrace();
- }
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + sendtime + " is not exist.";
- }
-
- @RequestMapping("/getPrice")
- @ResponseBody
- public String findByPrice(BigDecimal price) {
- List<User> userList = null;
- userList = userDao.findByPrice(price);
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + price + " is not exist.";
- }
-
- @RequestMapping("/getFloatprice")
- @ResponseBody
- public String findFloatprice(float floatprice) {
- List<User> userList = null;
- userList = userDao.findByFloatprice(floatprice);
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + floatprice + " is not exist.";
- }
-
- @RequestMapping("/getDoubleprice")
- @ResponseBody
- public String findByPrice(double doubleprice) {
- List<User> userList = null;
- userList = userDao.findByDoubleprice(doubleprice);
- if (userList != null && userList.size()!=0) {
- return "The user length is: " + userList.size();
- }
- return "user " + doubleprice + " is not exist.";
- }
- }
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
大家这里可能会有一个很大的疑问,我当初也对这个问题深深的不理,那就是userDao没有实例化为什么能够直接使用呢?
现在我就为大家解释一下为什么会这样:
其实不是这个userDao没有实例化,只是实例化是由系统自动完成的。只要在userDao的上方添加@Autowired属性就可以实现接口自动的实例化了,完全不需要像以前一样需要去写什么userDaoImp之类的实现类了。这样做就可以大大的挺高代码的简易程度,开发速度大大的挺高。
我知道现在可能还会有人问这样一个问题:那就是自动实例化了,可是实例化怎么知道dao类要实现什么的增删改查的功能呀,dao代码里面压根就没说啊?其实有心人可能已经发现了,上一步的时候我们解释了一下findBy+“字段名”的具体作用是什么,这其实就是这个问题的答案。其实dao层中各种方法就是daoimp中各种实现类中的SQl命令,具体是怎么对应的我会再下一节中给大家详细的介绍一下,现在先卖个关子。
步骤六:数据库的表名和字段信息如下所示:
到这里关于SpringBoot中连接MYSQL数据库,并使用JPA进行数据库的相关操作就介绍完毕了。
如果大家对文章有什么问题或者疑意之类的,可以加我订阅号在上面留言,订阅号上面我会定期更新最新博客。如果嫌麻烦可以直接加我wechat:lzqcode
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