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有了统一的API接口平台,不管对内还是对外,都能更好做到:统一接口开发、统一接口管理、统一接口开放服务。
统一接口开发:包括API接口的命名、分类、格式、接口文档、接口变更记录、接口发布、接口测试、接口日记等,都要统一风格、规范标准和约束。
统一接口管理:包括API接口的升级、增加参数、部署、性能监控、错误日志,同时结合开发、测试、运维、文档等形成整套的研发体系和闭环。
统一接口开放服务:主要是针对接口的IP白名单、接口申请、接口调用权限、接口次数限制、接口流量统计,以及开发者账号的开通注册,以应用的创建和审核。解决要不要对接口收费,怎么收费和进行服务、售后支持。
Swagger:是一种用于描述RESTFUL API的规范,它提供了一种简单的来描述API的请求和相应参数、错误码、返回数据类型等信息,是开发者可以方便了解API使用方式。
OpenAPI 始于 Swagger 规范,Swagger 规范已于 2015 年捐赠给 Linux 基金会后改名为 OpenAPI,并定义最新的规范为 OpenAPI 3.0。
OpenAPI 规范(OAS)是一种通用的、和编程语言无关的 API 描述规范,使人类和计算机都可以发现和理解服务的功能,而无需访问源代码、文档或针对接口进行嗅探。正确定义后,使用者可以使用最少的实现逻辑来理解远程服务并与之交互。
springdoc-openapi-ui:https://github.com/springdoc/springdoc-openapi
The springdoc-openapi Java library helps automating the generation of API documentation using Spring Boot projects. springdoc-openapi works by examining an application at runtime to infer API semantics based on Spring configurations, class structure and various annotations.
The library automatically generates documentation in JSON/YAML and HTML formatted pages. The generated documentation can be complemented using swagger-api annotations.
maven地址:https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springdoc/springdoc-openapi-ui
swagger2与swagger3(springdoc)常用注解对比
Swagger入门
普通SpringBoot项目中在pom.xml中引入jar包
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger2</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.springfox</groupId>
<artifactId>springfox-swagger-ui</artifactId>
<version>2.9.2</version>
</dependency>`在这里插入代码片`
构建SwaggerConfig
package com.ca.web.core.config; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration; import com.ca.common.config.RuoYiConfig; import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation; import io.swagger.models.auth.In; import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.EnableWebMvc; import springfox.documentation.builders.ApiInfoBuilder; import springfox.documentation.builders.PathSelectors; import springfox.documentation.builders.RequestHandlerSelectors; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiInfo; import springfox.documentation.service.ApiKey; import springfox.documentation.service.AuthorizationScope; import springfox.documentation.service.Contact; import springfox.documentation.service.SecurityReference; import springfox.documentation.service.SecurityScheme; import springfox.documentation.spi.DocumentationType; import springfox.documentation.spi.service.contexts.SecurityContext; import springfox.documentation.spring.web.plugins.Docket; import springfox.documentation.swagger2.annotations.EnableSwagger2; /** * Swagger2的接口配置 * * @author ruoyi */ @Configuration @EnableWebMvc @EnableSwagger2 public class SwaggerConfig { /** * 创建API */ @Bean public Docket createRestApi() { return new Docket(DocumentationType.SWAGGER_2) // 设置哪些接口暴露给Swagger展示 .select() // 扫描所有有注解的api,用这种方式更灵活 .apis(RequestHandlerSelectors.withMethodAnnotation(ApiOperation.class)) .build(); } }
springdoc-openapi-ui入门
(1)springboot工程pom依赖
<!-- 只需要引入这一个依赖就行了 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springdoc</groupId>
<artifactId>springdoc-openapi-ui</artifactId>
<version>xxx</version>
</dependency>
(2)SwaggerProperties
@ConfigurationProperties("xxx.swagger") @Data public class SwaggerProperties { /** * 标题 */ @NotEmpty(message = "标题不能为空") private String title; /** * 描述 */ @NotEmpty(message = "描述不能为空") private String description; /** * 作者 */ @NotEmpty(message = "作者不能为空") private String author; /** * 版本 */ @NotEmpty(message = "版本不能为空") private String version; /** * url */ @NotEmpty(message = "扫描的 package 不能为空") private String url; /** * email */ @NotEmpty(message = "扫描的 email 不能为空") private String email; /** * license */ @NotEmpty(message = "扫描的 license 不能为空") private String license; /** * license-url */ @NotEmpty(message = "扫描的 license-url 不能为空") private String licenseUrl; }
(3)SwaggerAutoConfiguration
@AutoConfiguration @ConditionalOnClass({OpenAPI.class}) @EnableConfigurationProperties(SwaggerProperties.class) @ConditionalOnProperty(prefix = "springdoc.api-docs", name = "enabled", havingValue = "true", matchIfMissing = true) // 设置为 false 时,禁用 public class SwaggerAutoConfiguration { // ========== 全局 OpenAPI 配置 ========== @Bean public OpenAPI createApi(SwaggerProperties properties) { Map<String, SecurityScheme> securitySchemas = buildSecuritySchemes(); OpenAPI openAPI = new OpenAPI() // 接口信息 .info(buildInfo(properties)) // 接口安全配置 .components(new Components().securitySchemes(securitySchemas)) .addSecurityItem(new SecurityRequirement().addList(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION)); securitySchemas.keySet().forEach(key -> openAPI.addSecurityItem(new SecurityRequirement().addList(key))); return openAPI; } /** * API 摘要信息 */ private Info buildInfo(SwaggerProperties properties) { return new Info() .title(properties.getTitle()) .description(properties.getDescription()) .version(properties.getVersion()) .contact(new Contact().name(properties.getAuthor()).url(properties.getUrl()).email(properties.getEmail())) .license(new License().name(properties.getLicense()).url(properties.getLicenseUrl())); } /** * 安全模式,这里配置通过请求头 Authorization 传递 token 参数 */ private Map<String, SecurityScheme> buildSecuritySchemes() { Map<String, SecurityScheme> securitySchemes = new HashMap<>(); SecurityScheme securityScheme = new SecurityScheme() .type(SecurityScheme.Type.APIKEY) // 类型 .name(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION) // 请求头的 name .in(SecurityScheme.In.HEADER); // token 所在位置 securitySchemes.put(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION, securityScheme); return securitySchemes; } /** * 自定义 OpenAPI 处理器 */ @Bean public OpenAPIService openApiBuilder(Optional<OpenAPI> openAPI, SecurityService securityParser, SpringDocConfigProperties springDocConfigProperties, PropertyResolverUtils propertyResolverUtils, Optional<List<OpenApiBuilderCustomizer>> openApiBuilderCustomizers, Optional<List<ServerBaseUrlCustomizer>> serverBaseUrlCustomizers, Optional<JavadocProvider> javadocProvider) { return new OpenAPIService(openAPI, securityParser, springDocConfigProperties, propertyResolverUtils, openApiBuilderCustomizers, serverBaseUrlCustomizers, javadocProvider); } // ========== 分组 OpenAPI 配置 ========== /** * 所有模块的 API 分组 */ @Bean public GroupedOpenApi allGroupedOpenApi() { return buildGroupedOpenApi("all", ""); } public static GroupedOpenApi buildGroupedOpenApi(String group) { return buildGroupedOpenApi(group, group); } public static GroupedOpenApi buildGroupedOpenApi(String group, String path) { return GroupedOpenApi.builder() .group(group) .pathsToMatch("/admin-api/" + path + "/**", "/app-api/" + path + "/**") .addOperationCustomizer((operation, handlerMethod) -> operation .addParametersItem(buildTenantHeaderParameter()) .addParametersItem(buildSecurityHeaderParameter())) .build(); } /** * 构建 Tenant 租户编号请求头参数 * * @return 多租户参数 */ private static Parameter buildTenantHeaderParameter() { return new Parameter() .name(WebFrameworkUtils.HEADER_TENANT_ID) // header 名 .description("租户编号") // 描述 .in(String.valueOf(SecurityScheme.In.HEADER)) // 请求 header .schema(new IntegerSchema()._default(1L).name(WebFrameworkUtils.HEADER_TENANT_ID).description("租户编号")); // 默认:使用租户编号为 1 } /** * 构建 Authorization 认证请求头参数 * * 解决 Knife4j <a href="https://gitee.com/xiaoym/knife4j/issues/I69QBU">Authorize 未生效,请求header里未包含参数</a> * * @return 认证参数 */ private static Parameter buildSecurityHeaderParameter() { return new Parameter() .name(HttpHeaders.AUTHORIZATION) // header 名 .description("认证 Token") // 描述 .in(String.valueOf(SecurityScheme.In.HEADER)) // 请求 header .schema(new StringSchema()._default("Bearer test1").name(WebFrameworkUtils.HEADER_TENANT_ID).description("认证 Token")); // 默认:使用用户编号为 1 } }
(4)yaml文件配置
springdoc:
api-docs:
enabled: true
path: /v3/api-docs
swagger-ui:
enabled: true
path: /swagger-ui
(6)代码开发
package com.hello.api.admin; import com.hello.dto.CommonResult; import com.hello.dto.User; import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Operation; import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.Parameter; import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Content; import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.media.Schema; import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.responses.ApiResponse; import io.swagger.v3.oas.annotations.tags.Tag; @Tag(name = "AdminControllerApi", description = "管理员相关接口") public interface AdminControllerApi { @Operation(summary = "管理员添加用户", description = "根据姓名添加用户并返回", parameters = { @Parameter(name = "name", description = "姓名") }, responses = { @ApiResponse(description = "返回添加的用户", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(anyOf = {CommonResult.class, User.class}))), @ApiResponse(responseCode = "400", description = "返回400时候错误的原因") } ) CommonResult<User> addUser(String name); @Operation(summary = "管理员删除用户", description = "根据姓名删除用户") @ApiResponse(description = "返回添加的用户", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = User.class))) CommonResult<User> delUser(@Parameter(description = "姓名") String name); @Operation(summary = "管理员更新用户", description = "管理员根据姓名更新用户") @ApiResponse(description = "返回更新的用户", content = @Content(mediaType = "application/json", schema = @Schema(implementation = User.class))) CommonResult<User> updateUser(@Parameter(schema = @Schema(implementation = User.class), required = true, description = "用户类") User user); }
(5)启动访问:127.0.0.1:8080/swagger-ui
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