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1. JSONPath介绍
fastjson 1.2.0之后的版本支持JSONPath。这是一个很强大的功能,可以在java框架中当作对象查询语言(OQL)来使用。
2. API
package com.alibaba.fastjson;
public class JSONPath {
// 求值,静态方法
public static Object eval(Object rootObject, String path);
// 计算Size,Map非空元素个数,对象非空元素个数,Collection的Size,数组的长度。其他无法求值返回-1
public static int size(Object rootObject, String path);
// 是否包含,path中是否存在对象
public static boolean contains(Object rootObject, String path) { }
// 是否包含,path中是否存在指定值,如果是集合或者数组,在集合中查找value是否存在
public static boolean containsValue(Object rootObject, String path, Object value) { }
// 修改制定路径的值,如果修改成功,返回true,否则返回false
public static boolean set(Object rootObject, String path, Object value) {}
// 在数组或者集合中添加元素
public static boolean array_add(Object rootObject, String path, Object... values);
}
建议缓存JSONPath对象,这样能够提高求值的性能。
3. 支持语法JSONPATH描述
$根对象,例如$.name
[num]数组访问,其中num是数字,可以是负数。例如$[0].leader.departments[-1].name
[num0,num1,num2...]数组多个元素访问,其中num是数字,可以是负数,返回数组中的多个元素。例如$[0,3,-2,5]
[start:end]数组范围访问,其中start和end是开始小表和结束下标,可以是负数,返回数组中的多个元素。例如$[0:5]
[start:end :step]数组范围访问,其中start和end是开始小表和结束下标,可以是负数;step是步长,返回数组中的多个元素。例如$[0:5:2]
[?(key)]对象属性非空过滤,例如$.departs[?(name)]
[key > 123]数值类型对象属性比较过滤,例如$.departs[id >= 123],比较操作符支持=,!=,>,>=,
[key = '123']字符串类型对象属性比较过滤,例如$.departs[name = '123'],比较操作符支持=,!=,>,>=,
[key like 'aa%']字符串类型like过滤,
例如$.departs[name like 'sz*'],通配符只支持%
支持not like
[key rlike 'regexpr']字符串类型正则匹配过滤,
例如departs[name like 'aa(.)*'],
正则语法为jdk的正则语法,支持not rlike
[key in ('v0', 'v1')]IN过滤, 支持字符串和数值类型
例如:
$.departs[name in ('wenshao','Yako')]
$.departs[id not in (101,102)]
[key between 234 and 456]BETWEEN过滤, 支持数值类型,支持not between
例如:
$.departs[id between 101 and 201]
$.departs[id not between 101 and 201]
length() 或者 size()数组长度。例如$.values.size()
支持类型java.util.Map和java.util.Collection和数组
.属性访问,例如$.name
..deepScan属性访问,例如$..name
*对象的所有属性,例如$.leader.*
['key']属性访问。例如$['name']
['key0','key1']多个属性访问。例如$['id','name']
以下两种写法的语义是相同的:$.store.book[0].title
和$['store']['book'][0]['title']
4. 语法示例JSONPath语义
$根对象
$[-1]最后元素
$[:-2]第1个至倒数第2个
$[1:]第2个之后所有元素
$[1,2,3]集合中1,2,3个元素
5. API 示例
5.1 例1
public void test_entity() throws Exception {
Entity entity = new Entity(123, new Object());
Assert.assertSame(entity.getValue(), JSONPath.eval(entity, "$.value"));
Assert.assertTrue(JSONPath.contains(entity, "$.value"));
Assert.assertTrue(JSONPath.containsValue(entity, "$.id", 123));
Assert.assertTrue(JSONPath.containsValue(entity, "$.value", entity.getValue()));
Assert.assertEquals(2, JSONPath.size(entity, "$"));
Assert.assertEquals(0, JSONPath.size(new Object[], "$"));
}
public static class Entity {
private Integer id;
private String name;
private Object value;
public Entity() {}
public Entity(Integer id, Object value) { this.id = id; this.value = value; }
public Entity(Integer id, String name) { this.id = id; this.name = name; }
public Entity(String name) { this.name = name; }
public Integer getId() { return id; }
public Object getValue() { return value; }
public String getName() { return name; }
public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; }
public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; }
public void setValue(Object value) { this.value = value; }
}
5.2 例2
读取集合多个元素的某个属性List entities = new ArrayList();
entities.add(new Entity("wenshao"));
entities.add(new Entity("ljw2083"));
List names = (List)JSONPath.eval(entities, "$.name"); // 返回enties的所有名称
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(0).getName(), names.get(0));
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(1).getName(), names.get(1));
5.3 例3
返回集合中多个元素List entities = new ArrayList();
entities.add(new Entity("wenshao"));
entities.add(new Entity("ljw2083"));
entities.add(new Entity("Yako"));
List result = (List)JSONPath.eval(entities, "[1,2]"); // 返回下标为1和2的元素
Assert.assertEquals(2, result.size());
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(1), result.get(0));
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(2), result.get(1));
5.4 例4
按范围返回集合的子集
List entities = new ArrayList();
entities.add(new Entity("wenshao"));
entities.add(new Entity("ljw2083"));
entities.add(new Entity("Yako"));
List result = (List)JSONPath.eval(entities, "[0:2]"); // 返回下标从0到2的元素
Assert.assertEquals(3, result.size());
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(0), result.get(0));
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(1), result.get(1));
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(2), result.get(1));
5.5 例5
通过条件过滤,返回集合的子集
List entities = new ArrayList();
entities.add(new Entity(1001, "ljw2083"));
entities.add(new Entity(1002, "wenshao"));
entities.add(new Entity(1003, "yakolee"));
entities.add(new Entity(1004, null));
List result = (List) JSONPath.eval(entities, "[id in (1001)]");
Assert.assertEquals(1, result.size());
Assert.assertSame(entities.get(0), result.get(0));
5.6 例6
根据属性值过滤条件判断是否返回对象,修改对象,数组属性添加元素
Entity entity = new Entity(1001, "ljw2083");
Assert.assertSame(entity , JSONPath.eval(entity, "[id = 1001]"));
Assert.assertNull(JSONPath.eval(entity, "[id = 1002]"));
JSONPath.set(entity, "id", 123456); //将id字段修改为123456
Assert.assertEquals(123456, entity.getId().intValue());
JSONPath.set(entity, "value", new int[0]); //将value字段赋值为长度为0的数组
JSONPath.arrayAdd(entity, "value", 1, 2, 3); //将value字段的数组添加元素1,2,3
5.7 例7
Map root = Collections.singletonMap("company", //
Collections.singletonMap("departs", //
Arrays.asList( //
Collections.singletonMap("id",
1001), //
Collections.singletonMap("id",
1002), //
Collections.singletonMap("id", 1003) //
) //
));
List ids = (List) JSONPath.eval(root, "$..id");
assertEquals(3, ids.size());
assertEquals(1001, ids.get(0));
assertEquals(1002, ids.get(1));
assertEquals(1003, ids.get(2));
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