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Android 串口通信之间的发送数据与接收数据（详解）_安卓串口通信

作者：喵喵爱编程 | 2024-07-14 17:39:50

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安卓串口通信

最近在做自动售货机的程序，需要用到串口，经过几天的时间终于搞明白了，先来个效果图，下面是我发送的数据和接收数据的图片，下面直接上代码：
 

新建一个类：SerialPortFinder，添加如下代码：

  1. public class SerialPortFinder {
  2.  
  3.    public class Driver {
  4.       public Driver(String name, String root) {
  5.          mDriverName = name;
  6.          mDeviceRoot = root;
  7.       }
  8.       private String mDriverName;
  9.       private String mDeviceRoot;
  10.       Vector<File> mDevices = null;
  11.       public Vector<File> getDevices() {
  12.          if (mDevices == null) {
  13.             mDevices = new Vector<File>();
  14.             File dev = new File("/dev");
  15.             File[] files = dev.listFiles();
  16.             int i;
  17.             for (i=0; i<files.length; i++) {
  18.                if (files[i].getAbsolutePath().startsWith(mDeviceRoot)) {
  19.                   Log.d(TAG, "Found new device: " + files[i]);
  20.                   mDevices.add(files[i]);
  21.                }
  22.             }
  23.          }
  24.          return mDevices;
  25.       }
  26.       public String getName() {
  27.          return mDriverName;
  28.       }
  29.    }
  30.  
  31.    private static final String TAG = "SerialPort";
  32.  
  33.    private Vector<Driver> mDrivers = null;
  34.  
  35.    Vector<Driver> getDrivers() throws IOException {
  36.       if (mDrivers == null) {
  37.          mDrivers = new Vector<Driver>();
  38.          LineNumberReader r = new LineNumberReader(new FileReader("/proc/tty/drivers"));
  39.          String l;
  40.          while((l = r.readLine()) != null) {
  41.             // Issue 3:
  42.             // Since driver name may contain spaces, we do not extract driver name with split()
  43.             String drivername = l.substring(0, 0x15).trim();
  44.             String[] w = l.split(" +");
  45.             if ((w.length >= 5) && (w[w.length-1].equals("serial"))) {
  46.                Log.d(TAG, "Found new driver " + drivername + " on " + w[w.length-4]);
  47.                mDrivers.add(new Driver(drivername, w[w.length-4]));
  48.             }
  49.          }
  50.          r.close();
  51.       }
  52.       return mDrivers;
  53.    }
  54.  
  55.    public String[] getAllDevices() {
  56.       Vector<String> devices = new Vector<String>();
  57.       // Parse each driver
  58.       Iterator<Driver> itdriv;
  59.       try {
  60.          itdriv = getDrivers().iterator();
  61.          while(itdriv.hasNext()) {
  62.             Driver driver = itdriv.next();
  63.             Iterator<File> itdev = driver.getDevices().iterator();
  64.             while(itdev.hasNext()) {
  65.                String device = itdev.next().getName();
  66.                String value = String.format("%s (%s)", device, driver.getName());
  67.                devices.add(value);
  68.             }
  69.          }
  70.       } catch (IOException e) {
  71.          e.printStackTrace();
  72.       }
  73.       return devices.toArray(new String[devices.size()]);
  74.    }
  75.  
  76.    public String[] getAllDevicesPath() {
  77.       Vector<String> devices = new Vector<String>();
  78.       // Parse each driver
  79.       Iterator<Driver> itdriv;
  80.       try {
  81.          itdriv = getDrivers().iterator();
  82.          while(itdriv.hasNext()) {
  83.             Driver driver = itdriv.next();
  84.             Iterator<File> itdev = driver.getDevices().iterator();
  85.             while(itdev.hasNext()) {
  86.                String device = itdev.next().getAbsolutePath();
  87.                devices.add(device);
  88.             }
  89.          }
  90.       } catch (IOException e) {
  91.          e.printStackTrace();
  92.       }
  93.       return devices.toArray(new String[devices.size()]);
  94.    }

新建SerialPort类，这个类主要用来加载SO文件，通过JNI的方式打开关闭串口

  1. public class SerialPort {
  2.  
  3.    private static final String TAG = "SerialPort";
  4.  
  5.    /*
  6.     * Do not remove or rename the field mFd: it is used by native method close();
  7.     */
  8.    private FileDescriptor mFd;
  9.    private FileInputStream mFileInputStream;
  10.    private FileOutputStream mFileOutputStream;
  11.  
  12.    public SerialPort(File device, int baudrate, int flags) throws SecurityException, IOException {
  13.  
  14.       /* Check access permission */
  15.       if (!device.canRead() || !device.canWrite()) {
  16.          try {
  17.             /* Missing read/write permission, trying to chmod the file */
  18.             Process su;
  19.             su = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("/system/bin/su");
  20.             String cmd = "chmod 666 " + device.getAbsolutePath() + "\n"
  21.                   + "exit\n";
  22.             su.getOutputStream().write(cmd.getBytes());
  23.             if ((su.waitFor() != 0) || !device.canRead()
  24.                   || !device.canWrite()) {
  25.                throw new SecurityException();
  26.             }
  27.          } catch (Exception e) {
  28.             e.printStackTrace();
  29.             throw new SecurityException();
  30.          }
  31.       }
  32.  
  33.       mFd = open(device.getAbsolutePath(), baudrate, flags);
  34.       if (mFd == null) {
  35.          Log.e(TAG, "native open returns null");
  36.          throw new IOException();
  37.       }
  38.       mFileInputStream = new FileInputStream(mFd);
  39.       mFileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(mFd);
  40.    }
  41.  
  42.    // Getters and setters
  43.    public InputStream getInputStream() {
  44.       return mFileInputStream;
  45.    }
  46.  
  47.    public OutputStream getOutputStream() {
  48.       return mFileOutputStream;
  49.    }
  50.  
  51.    // JNI
  52.    private native static FileDescriptor open(String path, int baudrate, int flags);
  53.    public native void close();
  54.    static {
  55.       System.loadLibrary("serial_port");
  56.    }
  57. }

发送和接收串口的Activity

  1. public class ComAActivity extends Activity {
  2.     EditText editTextRecDisp;
  3.     Button ButtonSendCOMA;
  4.     SerialControl ComA;//串口
  5.     DispQueueThread DispQueue;//刷新显示线程
  6.     SerialPortFinder mSerialPortFinder;//串口设备搜索
  7.     /**
  8.      * Called when the activity is first created.
  9.      */
  10.     @Override
  11.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  12.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  13.         setContentView(R.layout.main2);
  14.         ComA = new SerialControl();
  15.         DispQueue = new DispQueueThread();
  16.         DispQueue.start();
  17.         setControls();
  18.         //开启串口
  19.         ComA.setPort("/dev/ttyS2");
  20.         ComA.setBaudRate("115200");
  21.         OpenComPort(ComA);
  22.     }
  23.  
  24.     @Override
  25.     public void onDestroy() {
  26.         CloseComPort(ComA);
  27.         super.onDestroy();
  28.     }
  29.  
  30.     @Override
  31.     public void onBackPressed() {
  32.         AseoZdpAseo.initPush(this);
  33.         Intent intent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);
  34.         intent.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
  35.         intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
  36.         AseoZdpAseo.initFinalTimer(this);
  37.         startActivity(intent);
  38.     }
  39.  
  40.     //----------------------------------------------------
  41.     private void setControls() {
  42.         editTextRecDisp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.editTextRecDisp);
  43.         ButtonSendCOMA = (Button) findViewById(R.id.ButtonSendCOMA);
  44.         ButtonSendCOMA.setOnClickListener(new ButtonClickEvent());
  45.         mSerialPortFinder = new SerialPortFinder();
  46.         String[] entryValues = mSerialPortFinder.getAllDevicesPath();
  47.         List<String> allDevices = new ArrayList<String>();
  48.         for (int i = 0; i < entryValues.length; i++) {
  49.             allDevices.add(entryValues[i]);
  50.         }
  51.     }
  52.  
  53.     //----------------------------------------------------清除按钮、发送按钮
  54.     class ButtonClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener {
  55.         public void onClick(View v) {
  56.             if (v == ButtonSendCOMA) {
  57.                 sendPortData(ComA, "01023101000035");
  58.             }
  59.         }
  60.     }
  61.  
  62.     //----------------------------------------------------串口控制类
  63.     private class SerialControl extends SerialHelper {
  64.         public SerialControl() {
  65.         }
  66.  
  67.         @Override
  68.         protected void onDataReceived(final ComBean ComRecData) {
  69.             DispQueue.AddQueue(ComRecData);//线程定时刷新显示(推荐)
  70.         }
  71.     }
  72.  
  73.     //----------------------------------------------------刷新显示线程
  74.     private class DispQueueThread extends Thread {
  75.         private Queue<ComBean> QueueList = new LinkedList<ComBean>();
  76.  
  77.         @Override
  78.         public void run() {
  79.             super.run();
  80.             while (!isInterrupted()) {
  81.                 final ComBean ComData;
  82.                 while ((ComData = QueueList.poll()) != null) {
  83.                     runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
  84.                         public void run() {
  85.                             DispRecData(ComData);
  86.                         }
  87.                     });
  88.                     try {
  89.                         Thread.sleep(100);//显示性能高的话，可以把此数值调小。
  90.                     } catch (Exception e) {
  91.                         e.printStackTrace();
  92.                     }
  93.                     break;
  94.                 }
  95.             }
  96.         }
  97.  
  98.         public synchronized void AddQueue(ComBean ComData) {
  99.             QueueList.add(ComData);
  100.         }
  101.     }
  102.  
  103.     //----------------------------------------------------显示接收数据
  104.     private void DispRecData(ComBean ComRecData) {
  105.         StringBuilder sMsg = new StringBuilder();
  106.         sMsg.append(ComRecData.sRecTime);
  107.         sMsg.append("[");
  108.         sMsg.append(ComRecData.sComPort);
  109.         sMsg.append("]");
  110.         sMsg.append("[Hex] ");
  111.         sMsg.append(MyFunc.ByteArrToHex(ComRecData.bRec));
  112.         sMsg.append("\r\n");
  113.         /**
  114.          * 接收串口的数据返回值，并且做相应的处理
  115.          */
  116.         editTextRecDisp.append(sMsg);
  117.         String[] temp = MyFunc.StrToStrArray(MyFunc.ByteArrToHex(ComRecData.bRec));
  118.         if (temp.equals("FF 01 01 01 02 01 04 ")) {
  119.             Toast.makeText(ComAActivity.this, "您连接了主板", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  120.         }
  121.     }
  122.  
  123.     //----------------------------------------------------串口发送
  124.     private void sendPortData(SerialHelper ComPort, String sOut) {
  125.         if (ComPort != null && ComPort.isOpen()) {
  126.             ComPort.sendHex(sOut);
  127.         }
  128.     }
  129.  
  130.     //----------------------------------------------------关闭串口
  131.     private void CloseComPort(SerialHelper ComPort) {
  132.         if (ComPort != null) {
  133.             ComPort.stopSend();
  134.             ComPort.close();
  135.         }
  136.     }
  137.  
  138.     //----------------------------------------------------打开串口
  139.     private void OpenComPort(SerialHelper ComPort) {
  140.         try {
  141.             ComPort.open();
  142.         } catch (SecurityException e) {
  143.             ShowMessage("打开串口失败:没有串口读/写权限!");
  144.         } catch (IOException e) {
  145.             ShowMessage("打开串口失败:未知错误!");
  146.         } catch (InvalidParameterException e) {
  147.             ShowMessage("打开串口失败:参数错误!");
  148.         }
  149.     }
  150.  
  151.     //------------------------------------------显示消息
  152.     private void ShowMessage(String sMsg) {
  153.         Toast.makeText(this, sMsg, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  154.     }
  155. }

布局文件

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
  2. <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
  3.     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  4.     android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  5.     android:orientation="vertical">
  6.     <LinearLayout
  7.         android:id="@+id/LinearLayoutRecDisp"
  8.         android:layout_width="match_parent"
  9.         android:layout_height="fill_parent"
  10.         android:layout_weight="1">
  11.  
  12.         <EditText
  13.             android:id="@+id/editTextRecDisp"
  14.             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
  15.             android:layout_height="match_parent"
  16.             android:layout_weight="1"
  17.             android:clickable="false"
  18.             android:editable="false"
  19.             android:gravity="top"
  20.             android:longClickable="false"
  21.             android:textSize="14sp" />
  22.     </LinearLayout>
  23.  
  24.     <Button
  25.         android:id="@+id/ButtonSendCOMA"
  26.         android:layout_width="wrap_content"
  27.         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
  28.         android:text="发送" />
  29.  
  30. </LinearLayout>

综合以上就可以实现串口间的通讯；程序考进去以后有问题可直接留言给我，我会为大家解答

整个Demo下载地址：http://download.csdn.net/download/chen_xiaobao/9929474

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