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使用HTML、CSS和JavaScript实现简单天气预报的步骤:
首先需要获取天气API的数据,可以通过向第三方天气数据服务商发送HTTP请求来获取数据。例如,可以使用Yahoo Weather API或OpenWeatherMap API等。这里以OpenWeatherMap API为例,获取当前城市的天气情况。
接着,将获取到的天气数据动态地展示在HTML页面上。可以使用JavaScript的DOM操作方法,将获取到的数据渲染到页面上指定的位置。
最后,为了美化界面,可以使用CSS对整个天气预报页面进行样式设置。
下面是具体的代码实现:
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html>
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>天气预报</title>
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
- </head>
- <body>
- <div class="weather">
- <span class="city"></span>
- <span class="temp"></span>
- <span class="description"></span>
- <img class="icon"/>
- </div>
-
- <script src="main.js"></script>
- </body>
- </html>
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
- .weather {
- width: 300px;
- height: 150px;
- background-color: #eee;
- border-radius: 10px;
- text-align: center;
- margin: 50px auto;
- padding: 20px;
- }
-
- .city {
- font-size: 25px;
- font-weight: bold;
- display: block;
- margin-bottom: 15px;
- }
-
- .temp {
- font-size: 18px;
- font-weight: bold;
- display: block;
- margin-bottom: 10px;
- }
-
- .description {
- font-size: 16px;
- display: block;
- margin-bottom: 15px;
- }
-
- .icon {
- width: 50px;
- height: auto;
- margin-top: 10px;
- }
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
- let city = "北京"; // 获取天气的城市
- let apiKey = "your_api_key"; // 替换为你自己的API Key
-
- let url = `https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=${city}&appid=${apiKey}&lang=zh_cn`;
-
- fetch(url)
- .then(response => response.json())
- .then(data => {
- console.log(data);
-
- let cityName = data.name;
- let temperature = Math.round(data.main.temp - 273.15);
- let description = data.weather[0].description;
- let iconCode = data.weather[0].icon;
-
- document.querySelector(".city").textContent = cityName;
- document.querySelector(".temp").textContent = `${temperature}°C`;
- document.querySelector(".description").textContent = description;
- document.querySelector(".icon").setAttribute("src", `http://openweathermap.org/img/w/${iconCode}.png`);
- })
- .catch(err => {
- console.log(err);
- });
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
上面的代码中,先定义了要获取天气数据的城市和API Key,在JavaScript中使用fetch方法发送HTTP请求,获取数据后再使用DOM操作将数据渲染到HTML页面上对应的元素中。
如果使用Vue.js框架开发,则可以更加简便地实现天气预报功能,具体步骤如下:
- <!DOCTYPE html>
- <html lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta charset="UTF-8">
- <title>天气预报</title>
- <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/vue@2.6.14/dist/vue.min.js"></script>
- <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">
- </head>
-
- <body>
- <div id="app">
- <div class="weather">
- <span class="city">{{ city }}</span>
- <span class="temp">{{ temperature }}°C</span>
- <span class="description">{{ description }}</span>
- <img :src="iconUrl"/>
- </div>
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
- var app = new Vue({
- el: '#app',
- data: {
- city: "北京",
- apiKey: "your_api_key",
- temperature: "",
- description: "",
- iconCode: ""
- },
- methods: {
- getWeatherData: function() {
- let url = `https://api.openweathermap.org/data/2.5/weather?q=${this.city}&appid=${this.apiKey}&lang=zh_cn`;
-
- fetch(url)
- .then(response => response.json())
- .then(data => {
- console.log(data);
-
- this.temperature = Math.round(data.main.temp - 273.15);
- this.description = data.weather[0].description;
- this.iconCode = data.weather[0].icon;
- })
- .catch(err => {
- console.log(err);
- });
- }
- },
- computed: {
- iconUrl: function() {
- return `http://openweathermap.org/img/w/${this.iconCode}.png`;
- }
- },
- mounted: function() {
- this.getWeatherData();
- }
- });
![](https://csdnimg.cn/release/blogv2/dist/pc/img/newCodeMoreWhite.png)
在上面的代码中,我们使用了Vue.js的data属性来存储需要展示的数据和API Key信息。通过Vue.js的methods属性定义一个获取天气数据的方法,并通过computed属性计算图片地址,最后使用mounted属性在页面加载时自动调用获取天气数据的方法。
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