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C语言实现三子棋（人机对战）_c语言井字棋游戏怎么做人机

作者：天景科技苑 | 2024-08-22 19:56:59

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c语言井字棋游戏怎么做人机

一，前言：

三子棋也叫井字棋，玩法比较简单，满足三子一条线即可。接下来我们将使用C语言来实现控制台版本的人机对战三子棋小游戏。

本篇博客会提供分段代码方便大家理解，同时在文章的末尾提供完整代码和三合一完全体代码，需要的小伙伴可以自取^-^

二，代码实施：

1.创建项目，添加源文件text.c ,game.c ,game.h。

他们的作用分别是：

text.c

测试代码能否正确执行

game.c

创建支持游戏运行的代码

game.h

声明自定义函数

2.搭建游戏基本框架
  1. void menu();//游戏菜单
  2.  
  3. void game();//游戏母体
  4.  
  5. void test();//测试
  6.  
  7. int main()  
  8. {
  9.     test();
  10.     return 0;
  11. }
3.框架代码实现
  1. void menu()//菜单代码
  2. {
  3.     printf("*****************************\n");
  4.     printf("********   1. play     ******\n");
  5.     printf("********   0. eixt     ******\n");
  6.     printf("*****************************\n");
  7. }
  8.  
  9. void game()//游戏母体代码
  10. {
  11.     char board[ROW][COL];//存放玩家或者电脑的落子情况，board即为棋盘
  12.     char ret = 0;
  13.     //初始化一下棋盘为全空格
  14.     init_board(board, ROW, COL);
  15.     print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  16.  
  17.     while (1)
  18.     {
  19.         player_move(board, ROW, COL);
  20.         print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  21.         //判断输赢
  22.         ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
  23.         if (ret != 'C')
  24.         {
  25.             break;
  26.         }
  27.         computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
  28.         print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  29.         //判断输赢
  30.         ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
  31.         if (ret != 'C')
  32.         {
  33.             break;
  34.         }
  35.     }
  36.     if (ret == '#')
  37.         printf("电脑赢了\n");
  38.     else if (ret == '*')
  39.         printf("玩家赢了\n");
  40.     else if (ret == 'Q')
  41.         printf("平局\n");
  42. }
  43.  
  44. void test()//测试代码
  45. {
  46.     srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
  47.     int input = 0;
  48.     do
  49.     {
  50.         menu();
  51.         printf("请选择:>");
  52.         scanf("%d", &input);
  53.         switch (input)
  54.         {
  55.         case 1:
  56.             game();
  57.             break;
  58.         case 0:
  59.             printf("退出游戏\n");
  60.             break;
  61.         default:
  62.             printf("选择错误\n");
  63.             break;
  64.         }
  65.     } while (input);
  66. }
4.功能代码实现

void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)

棋盘初始化

void print_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)

打印棋盘

void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)

玩家走棋

void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)

电脑走棋

static int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)

判断棋盘是否满子

char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)

判断是否产生赢家

各功能代码具体信息：
  1. void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  2. {
  3.     int i = 0;
  4.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  5.     {
  6.         int j = 0;
  7.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  8.         {
  9.             board[i][j] = ' ';
  10.         }
  11.     }
  12. }
  1. void print_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  2. {
  3.     int i = 0;
  4.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  5.     {
  6.         //printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[i][0], board[i][1], board[i][2]);
  7.         int j = 0;
  8.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  9.         {
  10.             printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
  11.             if (j < col - 1)
  12.                 printf("|");
  13.         }
  14.         printf("\n");
  15.         if (i < row - 1)
  16.         {
  17.             //printf("---|---|---\n");
  18.             for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  19.             {
  20.                 printf("---");
  21.                 if (j < col - 1)
  22.                     printf("|");
  23.             }
  24.             printf("\n");
  25.         }
  26.     }
  27. }
  1. void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  2. {
  3.     printf("玩家下棋\n");
  4.     while (1)
  5.     {
  6.         printf("请输入要下棋的坐标:>");
  7.         int x = 0;
  8.         int y = 0;
  9.         scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
  10.         //坐标合法
  11.         if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
  12.         {
  13.             if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
  14.             {
  15.                 board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
  16.                 break;
  17.             }
  18.             else
  19.             {
  20.                 printf("该坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");
  21.             }
  22.         }
  23.         else//坐标非法
  24.         {
  25.             printf("坐标非法\n");
  26.         }
  27.     }
  28. }
  1. //随机生成坐标，只要坐标没有被占用，就下棋
  2. void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  3. {
  4.     printf("电脑下棋:\n");
  5.     while (1)
  6.     {
  7.         int x = rand() % row;
  8.         int y = rand() % col;
  9.  
  10.         if (board[x][y] == ' ')
  11.         {
  12.             board[x][y] = '#';
  13.             break;
  14.         }
  15.     }
  16. }
  1. //判断棋盘是否满了
  2. static int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  3. {
  4.     int i = 0;
  5.     int j = 0;
  6.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  7.     {
  8.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  9.         {
  10.             if (board[i][j] == ' ')
  11.                 return 0;
  12.         }
  13.     }
  14.     return 1;
  15. }
  1. char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  2. {
  3.     int i = 0;
  4.     //判断三行
  5.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  6.     {
  7.         if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
  8.         {
  9.             return board[i][0];
  10.         }
  11.     }
  12.     //判断三列
  13.     for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
  14.     {
  15.         if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
  16.         {
  17.             return board[0][i];
  18.         }
  19.     }
  20.     //判断对角线
  21.     if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
  22.     {
  23.         return board[1][1];
  24.     }
  25.     if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
  26.     {
  27.         return board[1][1];
  28.     }
  29.  
  30.     //平局？
  31.     if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1)
  32.     {
  33.         return 'Q';
  34.     }
  35.  
  36.     //继续
  37.     //没有玩家或者电脑赢，也没有平局，游戏继续
  38.     return 'C';
  39. }
5.头文件
  1. #pragma once
  2.  
  3. #define ROW 3
  4. #define COL 3
  5.  
  6. #include <stdio.h>
  7. #include <stdlib.h>
  8. #include <time.h>
  9.  
  10. //头文件中声明函数
  11.  
  12. //初始化棋盘
  13. void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  14.  
  15. //打印棋盘
  16. void print_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  17.  
  18. //玩家下棋
  19. void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  20.  
  21. //电脑下棋
  22. void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  23.  
  24. //判断输赢的函数
  25. char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);

三，总结（完整代码提供）

1.text.c
  1. #include "game.h"
  2.  
  3. void menu()
  4. {
  5.     printf("*****************************\n");
  6.     printf("********   1. play     ******\n");
  7.     printf("********   0. eixt     ******\n");
  8.     printf("*****************************\n");
  9. }
  10.  
  11. void game()
  12. {
  13.     char board[ROW][COL];
  14.     char ret = 0;
  15.     init_board(board, ROW, COL);
  16.     print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  17.  
  18.     while (1)
  19.     {
  20.         player_move(board, ROW, COL);
  21.         print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  22.         ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
  23.         if (ret != 'C')
  24.         {
  25.             break;
  26.         }
  27.         computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
  28.         print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  29.         ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
  30.         if (ret != 'C')
  31.         {
  32.             break;
  33.         }
  34.     }
  35.     if (ret == '#')
  36.         printf("电脑赢了\n");
  37.     else if (ret == '*')
  38.         printf("玩家赢了\n");
  39.     else if (ret == 'Q')
  40.         printf("平局\n");
  41. }
  42.  
  43. void test()
  44. {
  45.     srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
  46.     int input = 0;
  47.     do
  48.     {
  49.         menu();
  50.         printf("请选择:>");
  51.         scanf("%d", &input);
  52.         switch (input)
  53.         {
  54.         case 1:
  55.             game();
  56.             break;
  57.         case 0:
  58.             printf("退出游戏\n");
  59.             break;
  60.         default:
  61.             printf("选择错误\n");
  62.             break;
  63.         }
  64.     } while (input);
  65. }
  66.  
  67. int main()
  68. {
  69.     test();
  70.     return 0;
  71. }
2.game.c
  1. #include "game.h"
  2.  
  3. void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  4. {
  5.     int i = 0;
  6.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  7.     {
  8.         int j = 0;
  9.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  10.         {
  11.             board[i][j] = ' ';
  12.         }
  13.     }
  14. }
  15.  
  16. void print_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  17. {
  18.     int i = 0;
  19.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  20.     {
  21.         int j = 0;
  22.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  23.         {
  24.             printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
  25.             if (j < col - 1)
  26.                 printf("|");
  27.         }
  28.         printf("\n");
  29.         if (i < row - 1)
  30.         {
  31.             for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  32.             {
  33.                 printf("---");
  34.                 if (j < col - 1)
  35.                     printf("|");
  36.             }
  37.             printf("\n");
  38.         }
  39.     }
  40. }
  41.  
  42. void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  43. {
  44.     printf("玩家下棋\n");
  45.     while (1)
  46.     {
  47.         printf("请输入要下棋的坐标:>");
  48.         int x = 0;
  49.         int y = 0;
  50.         scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
  51.         if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
  52.         {
  53.             if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
  54.             {
  55.                 board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
  56.                 break;
  57.             }
  58.             else
  59.             {
  60.                 printf("该坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");
  61.             }
  62.         }
  63.         else
  64.         {
  65.             printf("坐标非法\n");
  66.         }
  67.     }
  68. }
  69.  
  70. void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  71. {
  72.     printf("电脑下棋:\n");
  73.     while (1)
  74.     {
  75.         int x = rand() % row;
  76.         int y = rand() % col;
  77.  
  78.         if (board[x][y] == ' ')
  79.         {
  80.             board[x][y] = '#';
  81.             break;
  82.         }
  83.     }
  84. }
  85.  
  86. static int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  87. {
  88.     int i = 0;
  89.     int j = 0;
  90.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  91.     {
  92.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  93.         {
  94.             if (board[i][j] == ' ')
  95.                 return 0;
  96.         }
  97.     }
  98.     return 1;
  99. }
  100.  
  101. char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  102. {
  103.     int i = 0;
  104.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  105.     {
  106.         if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
  107.         {
  108.             return board[i][0];
  109.         }
  110.     }
  111.  
  112.     for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
  113.     {
  114.         if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
  115.         {
  116.             return board[0][i];
  117.         }
  118.     }
  119.  
  120.     if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
  121.     {
  122.         return board[1][1];
  123.     }
  124.     if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
  125.     {
  126.         return board[1][1];
  127.     }
  128.  
  129.     if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1)
  130.     {
  131.         return 'Q';
  132.     }
  133.  
  134.     return 'C';
  135. }
3.game.h
  1. #define ROW 3
  2. #define COL 3
  3.  
  4. #include <stdio.h>
  5. #include <stdlib.h>
  6. #include <time.h>
  7.  
  8. void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  9.  
  10. void print_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  11.  
  12. void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  13.  
  14. void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
  15.  
  16. char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col);
4.三合一
  1. #define ROW 3
  2. #define COL 3
  3.  
  4. #include <stdio.h>
  5. #include <stdlib.h>
  6. #include <time.h>
  7.  
  8. void init_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  9. {
  10.     int i = 0;
  11.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  12.     {
  13.         int j = 0;
  14.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  15.         {
  16.             board[i][j] = ' ';
  17.         }
  18.     }
  19. }
  20.  
  21. void print_board(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  22. {
  23.     int i = 0;
  24.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  25.     {
  26.         //printf(" %c | %c | %c \n", board[i][0], board[i][1], board[i][2]);
  27.         int j = 0;
  28.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  29.         {
  30.             printf(" %c ", board[i][j]);
  31.             if (j < col - 1)
  32.                 printf("|");
  33.         }
  34.         printf("\n");
  35.         if (i < row - 1)
  36.         {
  37.             //printf("---|---|---\n");
  38.             for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  39.             {
  40.                 printf("---");
  41.                 if (j < col - 1)
  42.                     printf("|");
  43.             }
  44.             printf("\n");
  45.         }
  46.     }
  47. }
  48.  
  49. void player_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  50. {
  51.     printf("玩家下棋\n");
  52.     while (1)
  53.     {
  54.         printf("请输入要下棋的坐标:>");
  55.         int x = 0;
  56.         int y = 0;
  57.         scanf("%d %d", &x, &y);
  58.         //坐标合法
  59.         if (x >= 1 && x <= row && y >= 1 && y <= col)
  60.         {
  61.             if (board[x - 1][y - 1] == ' ')
  62.             {
  63.                 board[x - 1][y - 1] = '*';
  64.                 break;
  65.             }
  66.             else
  67.             {
  68.                 printf("该坐标被占用，请重新输入\n");
  69.             }
  70.         }
  71.         else//坐标非法
  72.         {
  73.             printf("坐标非法\n");
  74.         }
  75.     }
  76. }
  77.  
  78. //随机生成坐标，只要坐标没有被占用，就下棋
  79. void computer_move(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  80. {
  81.     printf("电脑下棋:\n");
  82.     while (1)
  83.     {
  84.         int x = rand() % row;
  85.         int y = rand() % col;
  86.  
  87.         if (board[x][y] == ' ')
  88.         {
  89.             board[x][y] = '#';
  90.             break;
  91.         }
  92.     }
  93. }
  94.  
  95. static int is_full(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  96. {
  97.     int i = 0;
  98.     int j = 0;
  99.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  100.     {
  101.         for (j = 0; j < col; j++)
  102.         {
  103.             if (board[i][j] == ' ')
  104.                 return 0;
  105.         }
  106.     }
  107.     return 1;
  108. }
  109.  
  110. char is_win(char board[ROW][COL], int row, int col)
  111. {
  112.     int i = 0;
  113.     //判断三行
  114.     for (i = 0; i < row; i++)
  115.     {
  116.         if (board[i][0] == board[i][1] && board[i][1] == board[i][2] && board[i][0] != ' ')
  117.         {
  118.             return board[i][0];
  119.         }
  120.     }
  121.     //判断三列
  122.     for (i = 0; i < col; i++)
  123.     {
  124.         if (board[0][i] == board[1][i] && board[1][i] == board[2][i] && board[0][i] != ' ')
  125.         {
  126.             return board[0][i];
  127.         }
  128.     }
  129.     //判断对角线
  130.     if (board[0][0] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][2] && board[1][1] != ' ')
  131.     {
  132.         return board[1][1];
  133.     }
  134.     if (board[0][2] == board[1][1] && board[1][1] == board[2][0] && board[1][1] != ' ')
  135.     {
  136.         return board[1][1];
  137.     }
  138.  
  139.     //平局？
  140.     if (is_full(board, row, col) == 1)
  141.     {
  142.         return 'Q';
  143.     }
  144.  
  145.     //继续
  146.     //没有玩家或者电脑赢，也没有平局，游戏继续
  147.     return 'C';
  148. }
  149.  
  150. void menu()//菜单代码
  151. {
  152.     printf("*****************************\n");
  153.     printf("********   1. play     ******\n");
  154.     printf("********   0. eixt     ******\n");
  155.     printf("*****************************\n");
  156. }
  157.  
  158. void game()//游戏母体代码
  159. {
  160.     char board[ROW][COL];//存放玩家或者电脑的落子情况，board即为棋盘
  161.     char ret = 0;
  162.     //初始化一下棋盘为全空格
  163.     init_board(board, ROW, COL);
  164.     print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  165.  
  166.     while (1)
  167.     {
  168.         player_move(board, ROW, COL);
  169.         print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  170.         //判断输赢
  171.         ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
  172.         if (ret != 'C')
  173.         {
  174.             break;
  175.         }
  176.         computer_move(board, ROW, COL);
  177.         print_board(board, ROW, COL);
  178.         //判断输赢
  179.         ret = is_win(board, ROW, COL);
  180.         if (ret != 'C')
  181.         {
  182.             break;
  183.         }
  184.     }
  185.     if (ret == '#')
  186.         printf("电脑赢了\n");
  187.     else if (ret == '*')
  188.         printf("玩家赢了\n");
  189.     else if (ret == 'Q')
  190.         printf("平局\n");
  191. }
  192.  
  193. void test()//测试代码
  194. {
  195.     srand((unsigned int)time(NULL));
  196.     int input = 0;
  197.     do
  198.     {
  199.         menu();
  200.         printf("请选择:>");
  201.         scanf("%d", &input);
  202.         switch (input)
  203.         {
  204.         case 1:
  205.             game();
  206.             break;
  207.         case 0:
  208.             printf("退出游戏\n");
  209.             break;
  210.         default:
  211.             printf("选择错误\n");
  212.             break;
  213.         }
  214.     } while (input);
  215. }
  216.  
  217. int main()  
  218. {
  219.     test();
  220.     return 0;
  221. }
'
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