目录
0x01 ntp安装
1.1 检查时间服务器是否安装
- # rpm -q ntp
- ntp-4.2.4p8-2.el6.x86_64 // 这表示已安装了,如果没有安装,这是空白。
- //如果没有安装,通过以下命令进行安装
- # yum install ntp
1.2 设置ntp自启动
按上面的安装方式在内网每台服务器上都安装好ntp
软件包。
完成后,都需要配置ntp
服务为自启动
- # chkconfig ntpd on
- # chkconfig --list ntpd
- ntpd 0:关闭 1:关闭 2:启用 3:启用 4:启用 5:启用 6:关闭
1.3 手动同步时间
在配置前,先使用ntpdate
手动同步下时间,免得本机与外部时间服务器时间差距太大,让ntpd
不能正常同步。
- # ntpdate -u 202.112.10.36
- 22 Dec 16:52:38 ntpdate[6400]: adjust time server 202.112.10.36 offset 0.012135 sec
0x02 ntp配置
2.1 修改配置文件ntp.cnf
- vim /etc/ntp.conf
-
- # For more information about this file, see the man pages
- # ntp.conf(5), ntp_acc(5), ntp_auth(5), ntp_clock(5), ntp_misc(5), ntp_mon(5).
-
- driftfile /var/lib/ntp/drift
-
- # Permit time synchronization with our time source, but do not
- # permit the source to query or modify the service on this system.
- restrict default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
- restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery
-
- # Permit all access over the loopback interface. This could
- # be tightened as well, but to do so would effect some of
- # the administrative functions.
- restrict 127.0.0.1
- restrict -6 ::1
-
- # Hosts on local network are less restricted.
- # 允许内网其他机器同步时间
- restrict 192.168.1.0 mask 255.255.255.0 nomodify notrap
-
- # Use public servers from the pool.ntp.org project.
- # Please consider joining the pool (http://www.pool.ntp.org/join.html).
- # 中国这边最活跃的时间服务器 : http://www.pool.ntp.org/zone/cn
- server 210.72.145.44 perfer # 中国国家受时中心
- server 202.112.10.36 # 1.cn.pool.ntp.org
- server 59.124.196.83 # 0.asia.pool.ntp.org
-
- #broadcast 192.168.1.255 autokey # broadcast server
- #broadcastclient # broadcast client
- #broadcast 224.0.1.1 autokey # multicast server
- #multicastclient 224.0.1.1 # multicast client
- #manycastserver 239.255.254.254 # manycast server
- #manycastclient 239.255.254.254 autokey # manycast client
-
- # allow update time by the upper server
- # 允许上层时间服务器主动修改本机时间
- restrict 210.72.145.44 nomodify notrap noquery
- restrict 202.112.10.36 nomodify notrap noquery
- restrict 59.124.196.83 nomodify notrap noquery
-
- # Undisciplined Local Clock. This is a fake driver intended for backup
- # and when no outside source of synchronized time is available.
- # 外部时间服务器不可用时,以本地时间作为时间服务
- server 127.127.1.0 # local clock
- fudge 127.127.1.0 stratum 10
-
- # Enable public key cryptography.
- #crypto
-
- includefile /etc/ntp/crypto/pw
-
- # Key file containing the keys and key identifiers used when operating
- # with symmetric key cryptography.
- keys /etc/ntp/keys
-
- # Specify the key identifiers which are trusted.
- #trustedkey 4 8 42
-
- # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpdc utility.
- #requestkey 8
-
- # Specify the key identifier to use with the ntpq utility.
- #controlkey 8
-
- # Enable writing of statistics records.
- #statistics clockstats cryptostats loopstats peerstats
配置文件修改完成,保存退出。
启动服务:
# service ntpd start
0x03 在其它节点上与master节点时间同步
# ntpdate master
这时候发现节点间的时间同步了,但ntpdate
只在开机运行,我们若要设置为1小时同步一次
安装完以后使用crontab
来自动更新时间:
# crontab -e
添加如下行:
* */1 * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate 192.168.64.11
使用date命令发现所有节点时间已经一致。
0x04 同步过程中的问题
4.1 the NTP socket is in use
Linux下 ntp 时间同步服务ntpd 出现 the NTP socket is in use, exiting 解决
- # service ntpd stop
- Shutting down ntpd: [ OK ]
-
- # ntpdate master
- 6 Sep 09:37:19 ntpdate[30658]: step time server 192.168.1.10 offset -51.869609 sec
2017年1月23日, 星期一