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LoRa网关与服务器通信——MQTT_mqtt lora

作者：小丑西瓜9 | 2024-03-01 19:18:09

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mqtt lora

1.Mqtt

LoRa网关与服务器通信协议这节给大家讲了下LoRa网关与服务器之间的协议格式。那么他们是怎么通信的呢？主流的有原生的UDP和Mqtt，今天就讲讲Mqtt这种方式。
MQTT(消息队列遥测传输)是ISO 标准(ISO/IEC PRF 20922)下基于 发布/订阅 范式的消息协议。它工作在 TCP/IP 协议族上，是为 硬件性能低下 的 远程设备 以及网络状况糟糕 的情况下而设计的发布/订阅型消息协议，它是一个消息中间件 。（度娘版）
在这里插入图片描述
如上图是IBM官方给的图解。我对他的理解就是：Broker是消息集散中心，负责消息的接收，汇总，分发，所有终端或者服务器都是消息的生产者或者消费者。就整个LoRa通信过程，网关端会生产PUSH_DATA，PULL_DATA同时又会消费PULL_ACK等回复消息。同理服务器端会消费PUSH_DATA，PULL_DATA生产PULL_ACK。

2.EMQ 安装

实现Mqtt协议的中间件太多太多，老牌的Rabbitmq，阿里的Rocketmq，本人以前用过的mosquito，还有今天介绍的emq等等。

本人安装环境：ubuntu 16.04的虚机。
IP:
在这里插入图片描述
下载地址

  1. 安装所需要的依赖包
sudo apt update && sudo apt install -y \
    apt-transport-https \
    ca-certificates \
    curl \
    gnupg-agent \
    software-properties-common

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  1. 添加 EMQ X 的官方 GPG 密钥
curl -fsSL https://repos.emqx.io/gpg.pub | sudo apt-key add -

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验证密钥

sudo apt-key fingerprint 3E640D53

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  1. 使用以下命令设置 stable 存储库。 如果要添加 unstable 存储库，请在以下命令中的单词 stable 之后添加单词 unstable。
sudo add-apt-repository \
    "deb [arch=amd64] https://repos.emqx.io/emqx-ce/deb/ubuntu/ \
    $(lsb_release -cs) \
    stable"

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  1. 更新 apt 包索引
sudo apt update

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  1. 安装最新版本的 EMQ X
sudo apt install emqx

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  1. 启动 EMQ X
sudo service emqx start

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EMQ有可视化的管理页面：http://192.168.237.128:18083
可根据自己的IP做相应修改；
下图为管理页面
在这里插入图片描述
还可以切换中文奥
在这里插入图片描述

3.撸起来

在此只做简单演示

  1. 仿网关发送
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

public class MqttPublish {
    private static int QOS = 1;

    private static String HOST = "tcp://192.168.237.128:1883";
    private static String userName = "admin";
    private static String password = "public";
    private static String msg = "{\"rxpk\":[\n" +
            "\t{\n" +
            "\t\t\"time\":\"2013-03-31T16:21:17.528002Z\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"tmst\":3512348611,\n" +
            "\t\t\"chan\":2,\n" +
            "\t\t\"rfch\":0,\n" +
            "\t\t\"freq\":866.349812,\n" +
            "\t\t\"stat\":1,\n" +
            "\t\t\"modu\":\"LORA\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"datr\":\"SF7BW125\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"codr\":\"4/6\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"rssi\":-35,\n" +
            "\t\t\"lsnr\":5.1,\n" +
            "\t\t\"size\":32,\n" +
            "\t\t\"data\":\"-DS4CGaDCdG+48eJNM3Vai-zDpsR71Pn9CPA9uCON84\"\n" +
            "\t},{\n" +
            "\t\t\"time\":\"2013-03-31T16:21:17.530974Z\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"tmst\":3512348514,\n" +
            "\t\t\"chan\":9,\n" +
            "\t\t\"rfch\":1,\n" +
            "\t\t\"freq\":869.1,\n" +
            "\t\t\"stat\":1,\n" +
            "\t\t\"modu\":\"FSK\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"datr\":50000,\n" +
            "\t\t\"rssi\":-75,\n" +
            "\t\t\"size\":16,\n" +
            "\t\t\"data\":\"VEVTVF9QQUNLRVRfMTIzNA==\"\n" +
            "\t},{\n" +
            "\t\t\"time\":\"2013-03-31T16:21:17.532038Z\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"tmst\":3316387610,\n" +
            "\t\t\"chan\":0,\n" +
            "\t\t\"rfch\":0,\n" +
            "\t\t\"freq\":863.00981,\n" +
            "\t\t\"stat\":1,\n" +
            "\t\t\"modu\":\"LORA\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"datr\":\"SF10BW125\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"codr\":\"4/7\",\n" +
            "\t\t\"rssi\":-38,\n" +
            "\t\t\"lsnr\":5.5,\n" +
            "\t\t\"size\":32,\n" +
            "\t\t\"data\":\"ysgRl452xNLep9S1NTIg2lomKDxUgn3DJ7DE+b00Ass\"\n" +
            "\t}\n" +
            "]}\n";
    public static void main(String[] args){
        start(msg);
    }

    public static MqttClient connect(String clientId, String userName, String password){
        MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setCleanSession(false);
        options.setUserName(userName);
        options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
        options.setConnectionTimeout(10);
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);

        MqttClient client = null;
        try {
            client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientId, persistence);
//            client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
            client.connect(options);
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return client;
    }

    private static void publish(MqttClient client, String msg, String topic){
        MqttMessage message = new MqttMessage(msg.getBytes());
        message.setQos(QOS);
        message.setRetained(false);
        try {
            client.publish(topic, message);
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void start(String msg){
        /*String msg = "Hello !";*/
        String clientId = "ZWT_PUBLISH";
        String topic = "PUSH_DATA";

        MqttClient client = (MqttClient) connect(clientId, userName, password);
        if (client != null) {
            publish(client, msg, topic);
            System.out.println("Start-Public Message:" + msg);
        }
        if (client != null) {
            try {
                client.disconnect();
            } catch (MqttException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

}


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  1. 服务端接收
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttClient;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttConnectOptions;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttException;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.persist.MemoryPersistence;

public class MqttSub {

    private static int QOS = 1;

    private static String HOST = "tcp://192.168.237.128:1883";
    private static String userName = "admin";
    private static String password = "public";
    public static void main(String[] args){
        start();
    }
    private static MqttClient connect(String clientId){
        System.out.println("MqttSub connect");
        MemoryPersistence persistence = new MemoryPersistence();
        MqttConnectOptions options = new MqttConnectOptions();
        options.setCleanSession(false);
        options.setUserName(userName);
        options.setPassword(password.toCharArray());
        options.setKeepAliveInterval(20);
        options.setConnectionTimeout(10);

        MqttClient client = null;
        try {
            client = new MqttClient(HOST, clientId, persistence);
            client.setCallback(new PushCallback());
            client.connect(options);
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return client;
    }

    public static void receive(MqttClient client, String topic){
        int[] Qos = {QOS};
        String[] topics = {topic};
        try {
            client.subscribe(topics, Qos);
        } catch (MqttException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static void start(){
        String clientId = "ZWT_SUB";
        String topic = "PUSH_DATA";

        MqttClient client = connect(clientId);
        if (client != null) {
            receive(client, topic);
        }
    }
}


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回调函数

import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.IMqttDeliveryToken;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttCallback;
import org.eclipse.paho.client.mqttv3.MqttMessage;


public class PushCallback implements MqttCallback {
    @Override
    public void connectionLost(Throwable throwable) {

        System.out.println("connect lost");
    }

    @Override
    public void messageArrived(String topic, MqttMessage message) throws Exception {
        System.out.println("Client topic : " + topic);
        System.out.println("Client Qos : " + message.getQos());
        System.out.println("Client msg : " + new String(message.getPayload()));
    }

    @Override
    public void deliveryComplete(IMqttDeliveryToken token) {
        System.out.println("deliveryComplete****" + token.isComplete());
    }
}


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控制台打印
publish

Start-----Public Message:{"rxpk":[
	{
		"time":"2013-03-31T16:21:17.528002Z",
		"tmst":3512348611,
		"chan":2,
		"rfch":0,
		"freq":866.349812,
		"stat":1,
		"modu":"LORA",
		"datr":"SF7BW125",
		"codr":"4/6",
		"rssi":-35,
		"lsnr":5.1,
		"size":32,
		"data":"-DS4CGaDCdG+48eJNM3Vai-zDpsR71Pn9CPA9uCON84"
	},{
		"time":"2013-03-31T16:21:17.530974Z",
		"tmst":3512348514,
		"chan":9,
		"rfch":1,
		"freq":869.1,
		"stat":1,
		"modu":"FSK",
		"datr":50000,
		"rssi":-75,
		"size":16,
		"data":"VEVTVF9QQUNLRVRfMTIzNA=="
	},{
		"time":"2013-03-31T16:21:17.532038Z",
		"tmst":3316387610,
		"chan":0,
		"rfch":0,
		"freq":863.00981,
		"stat":1,
		"modu":"LORA",
		"datr":"SF10BW125",
		"codr":"4/7",
		"rssi":-38,
		"lsnr":5.5,
		"size":32,
		"data":"ysgRl452xNLep9S1NTIg2lomKDxUgn3DJ7DE+b00Ass"
	}
]}

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sub

Client topic : PUSH_DATA
Client Qos : 1
Client msg : {"rxpk":[
	{
		"time":"2013-03-31T16:21:17.528002Z",
		"tmst":3512348611,
		"chan":2,
		"rfch":0,
		"freq":866.349812,
		"stat":1,
		"modu":"LORA",
		"datr":"SF7BW125",
		"codr":"4/6",
		"rssi":-35,
		"lsnr":5.1,
		"size":32,
		"data":"-DS4CGaDCdG+48eJNM3Vai-zDpsR71Pn9CPA9uCON84"
	},{
		"time":"2013-03-31T16:21:17.530974Z",
		"tmst":3512348514,
		"chan":9,
		"rfch":1,
		"freq":869.1,
		"stat":1,
		"modu":"FSK",
		"datr":50000,
		"rssi":-75,
		"size":16,
		"data":"VEVTVF9QQUNLRVRfMTIzNA=="
	},{
		"time":"2013-03-31T16:21:17.532038Z",
		"tmst":3316387610,
		"chan":0,
		"rfch":0,
		"freq":863.00981,
		"stat":1,
		"modu":"LORA",
		"datr":"SF10BW125",
		"codr":"4/7",
		"rssi":-38,
		"lsnr":5.5,
		"size":32,
		"data":"ysgRl452xNLep9S1NTIg2lomKDxUgn3DJ7DE+b00Ass"
	}
]}

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我们再看看EMQ的控制台
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因为没有改emq的配置文件Node都是emq@127.0.0.1。
这一步走完，LoRaWAN Network server的第一步就完了。接下来就是数据分流解析了。
扔我

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