实训十五：路由器RIPV1配置_实验6.1:路由器配置ripv1基本功能 任务要求 某网络的拓扑结构如图6-8所示。招生就

一、实验目的

1.掌握动态路由的配置方法
2.理解 RIP 协议的工作过程

二、应用环境

1.在路由器较多的环境里，手工配置静态路由给管理员带来大的工作负担
2.在不太稳定的网络环境里，手工修改表不现实

三、 实验设备

1.DCR-2655 三台
2.网线（交叉线） 四条

四、 实验拓扑

五、实验配置

六、实验步骤

第一步：按照上表配置所有接口的 IP 地址，保证所有接口全部是 up 状态，测试连通性

下面为 RA 配置：
Router_config#hostname RA
RA_config#
RA_config#int g0/3
RA_config_g0/3#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
RA_config_g0/3#exit
RA_config#int g0/4
RA_config_g0/4#ip add 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0
RA_config_g0/4#exit
RB、RC 配置 略
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第二步：查看路由器 A 的路由表RA#show ip route

Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
VRF ID: 0
 C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4 ！直连的路由
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3 ！直连的路由
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第三步：查看路由器 B 的路由表

 RB#show ip route 
 Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
 VRF ID: 0
 C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3 
 C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4 
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第四步：查看路由器 C 的路由表

RC#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
VRF ID: 0
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4 
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3 
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第五步：在路由器 A 上 PING 路由器 C

RA#ping 192.168.2.2
PING 192.168.2.2 (192.168.2.2): 56 data bytes
.....
--- 192.168.2.2 ping statistics ---
5 packets transmitted, 0 packets received, 100% packet loss ！不通
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第六步：在路由器 A 上配置 RIP 协议并查看路由表

RA_config#router rip ！启动 RIP 协议RA_config_rip#network 192.168.0.0 ！宣告网段
RA_config_rip#network 192.168.1.0
RA_config_rip#^Z
RA#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
VRF ID: 0
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3
！注意到并没有出现 RIP 学习到的路由 
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第七步：在路由器 B 上配置 RIP 协议并查看路由表

RB_config#router rip
RB_config_rip#network 192.168.1.0
RB_config_rip#network 192.168.2.0
RB_config_rip#^Z
RB#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
VRF ID: 0
R 192.168.0.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.1.1(on GigaEthernet0/3) ！从 RA 上学习到的路由
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3 
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4 
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第八步：在路由器 C 上配置 RIP 协议并查看路由表

RC_config#router rip
RC_config_rip#network 192.168.2.0
RC_config_rip#network 192.168.3.0 
RC_config_rip#^Z
RC#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2VRF ID: 0
R 192.168.0.0/24 [120,2] via 192.168.2.1(on GigaEthernet0/4) 
 ！从 RA 上学习的路由
R 192.168.1.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.2.1(on GigaEthernet0/4) 
 ！从 RB 上学习的路由
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4 
C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3 
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第九步：再次查看路由器 A 和路由器 B 的路由表

RA#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
VRF ID: 0
C 192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.1.2(on GigaEthernet0/3) 
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120,2] via 192.168.1.2(on GigaEthernet0/3)
RB#show ip route 
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, B - BGP, BC - BGP connected
 D - BEIGRP, DEX - external BEIGRP, O - OSPF, OIA - OSPF inter area
 ON1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, ON2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
 OE1 - OSPF external type 1, OE2 - OSPF external type 2
 DHCP - DHCP type, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
VRF ID: 0
R 192.168.0.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.1.1(on GigaEthernet0/3)
C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/3
C 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, GigaEthernet0/4
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.2.2(on GigaEthernet0/4) 
 
！注意到所有网段都学习到了路由 
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第十步：相关的查看命令

RA#show ip rip ！显示 RIP 状态
Update: 30, Expire: 180, Holddown: 120
Input-queue: 50
Validate-update-source: Enable
Neighbor List:RA#show ip rip protocol ！显示协议细节
RIP is Active 
update interval 30(s), Invalid interval 180(s) ！注意定时器的值
Holddown interval 120(s), Trigger interval 5(s) 
Automatic network summarization: Enable
Network List:
 network 192.168.0.0
 network 192.168.1.0
Filter list:
Offset list:
Redistribute policy:
Interface send version and receive version:
Global version : default
 Interface Send-version Recv-version Nbr_number
 GigaEthernet0/3 V1 V1 V2 2
 GigaEthernet0/4 V1 V1 V2 0
Distance: 0 (default is 120): ！注意默认的管理距离
Maximum route count: 1024, Current route count:4 
RA#show ip rip database ! 显示 RIP 数据库
192.168.0.0/24 directly connected GigaEthernet0/4
192.168.1.0/24 directly connected GigaEthernet0/3
192.168.2.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.1.2 (on GigaEthernet0/3) 00:00:26 
192.168.3.0/24 [120,2] via 192.168.1.2 (on GigaEthernet0/3) 00:00:26 ！收
到 RIP 广播的时间
RA#show ip route rip ！仅显示 RIP 学习到的路由
R 192.168.2.0/24 [120,1] via 192.168.1.2(on GigaEthernet0/3)
R 192.168.3.0/24 [120,2] via 192.168.1.2(on GigaEthernet0/3)
RB 、RC 略
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七、 注意事项和排错

1.只能宣告直连的网段
2.宣告时不附加掩码
3.分配地址时最好是连续的子网，以免 RIP 汇聚出现错误

八、相关配置命令详解

router rip 使用 router rip 全局命令来配置 RIP 路由进程，no router rip 则关闭 RIP 路由进程。 router rip no router rip 参数： 无 缺省 ：系统缺省不运行 RIP。 命令模式 ： 全局配置 状态使用说明必须先启动 RIP，才能进入路由配置态，才能配置 RIP 的各种全局性参数，而配置与接口相关的参数则不受是否已经启动 RIP 的限制。 示例 ： 启动 RIP 并进入路由配置态。 相关命令 network (RIP) network 使用 network 命令为 RIP 协议指定连接的网络号，no network 则取消一个网络号。 network network-numbe < network-mask> no network network-number < network-mask>