gettext:Python本地/国际化模块_pygettext如何关闭国际化

简介

gettext是兼容GNU gettext的国际化模块，使用纯Pyhton实现。

简单的示例：

first_gettext.py:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import gettext

# 一些设置
t = gettext.translation(
    'first', 'locale',
    fallback=True,
    )
_ = t.gettext  # 一般使用_，简单方便

print(_('This message is we want to translate.'))
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运行：

deepin@deepin-PC:~/source/demo/python$ python3 first_gettext.py 
This message is we want to translate.
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我们还没有添加其他的语言支持，在这种情况下如果fallback为True，那么直接使用内置_中的字符串，如果fallback为False，返回“找不到翻译文件”异常：

deepin@deepin-PC:~/source/demo/python$ python3 first_gettext.py 
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "first_gettext.py", line 9, in <module>
    fallback=False,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.5/gettext.py", line 529, in translation
    raise OSError(ENOENT, 'No translation file found for domain', domain)
FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No translation file found for domain: 'first'
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下面我们来创建翻译文件

提取源文件中使用的字符串（使用pygettext.py，或使用GUN gettext中的工具）：

xgettext -o first.po first_gettext.py --from-code utf-8
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生成的first.po，文件名和代码中translation第一个参数对应：

# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-11-30 14:51+0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#: first_gettext.py:13
msgid "This message is we want to translate."
msgstr ""
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修改文件中信息，姓名、邮件、版本等等；charset改为UTF-8；然后翻译：

# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
# Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-11-30 14:19+0800\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: zh_CN\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"

#: first_gettext.py:13
msgid "This message is we want to translate."
msgstr "这是我们要翻译的消息"
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源码中translation第二个参数代表翻译文件保存路径，创建目录结构：

  mkdir -p locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES
  mv first.po locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES
  cd locale/zh_CN/LC_MESSAGES
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创建mo文件：

msgfmt -o first.mo first.po
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在中文环境运行我们程序进行测试：

deepin@deepin-PC:~/source/demo/python$ python3 first_gettext.py
这是我们要翻译的消息
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文章引用：

http://blog.topspeedsnail.com/archives/9539