python3 paramiko 基于RSA私钥远程执行ssh、上传、下载文件

介绍

paramiko 遵循SSH2协议，支持以加密和认证的方式，进行远程服务器的连接，可以实现远程文件的上传，下载或通过ssh远程执行命令。

项目地址：https://github.com/paramiko/paramiko

官方文档：http://docs.paramiko.org/

使用pip3安装

pip3 install paramiko

上一篇章已经讲诉了使用密码访问的方式 python3 paramiko 远程执行 ssh 命令、上传文件、下载文件 ， 下面来看看封装使用RSA公钥访问的方式。

文件结构

[root@centos7 test_log]# tree paramiko-example/
paramiko-example/
├── file3.txt
├── file4.txt
├── paramiko_test.py
└── performance_rsa_4096
 
0 directories, 4 files
[root@centos7 test_log]# 

封装示例代码 paramiko_test.py

import paramiko
import os
 
class ParamikoHelper():
 
    def __init__(self,remote_ip, remote_ssh_port, private_key_file, ssh_username ):
        self.remote_ip = remote_ip
        self.remote_ssh_port = remote_ssh_port
        self.ssh_username = ssh_username
        self.private_key = paramiko.RSAKey.from_private_key_file(private_key_file) # 实例化一个私钥对象
 
    def connect_ssh(self):
        try:
            self.ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
            self.ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
            self.ssh.connect(hostname=self.remote_ip, port=self.remote_ssh_port, username=self.ssh_username,
                             pkey=self.private_key)
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
        return self.ssh
 
    def close_ssh(self):
        try:
            self.ssh.close()
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
 
    def exec_shell(self, shell):
        ssh = self.connect_ssh()
        try:
            stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(shell)
            return stdin, stdout, stderr
        except Exception as e:
            print(e)
 
    def sftp_put_file(self, file, local_dir, remote_dir):
        try:
            t = paramiko.Transport((self.remote_ip, self.remote_ssh_port))
            t.connect(username=self.ssh_username, pkey=self.private_key)
            sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
            sftp.put(os.path.join(local_dir, file), remote_dir)
            t.close()
        except Exception:
            print("connect error!")
 
    def sftp_get_file(self, file, local_dir, remote_dir):
        try:
            t = paramiko.Transport((self.remote_ip, self.remote_ssh_port))
            t.connect(username=self.ssh_username, pkey=self.private_key)
            sftp = paramiko.SFTPClient.from_transport(t)
            sftp.get(remote_dir, os.path.join(local_dir, file))
            t.close()
        except Exception:
            print("connect error!")
 
 
def main():
    remote_ip = '192.168.196.134'
    remote_ssh_port = 22
    ssh_username = 'root'
    private_key_file = 'performance_rsa_4096' # RSA私钥
    ph = ParamikoHelper(remote_ip=remote_ip,remote_ssh_port=remote_ssh_port,private_key_file=private_key_file,ssh_username=ssh_username)
 
    # 远程执行ssh命令
    shell = "df -h | grep dev"
    stdin, stdout, stderr = ph.exec_shell(shell)
    for line in stdout.readlines():
        print(line)
    ph.close_ssh()
 
    # 上传文件file4.txt到远程服务器上
    file = 'file4.txt'
    remote_dir = '/root/test_log/' + file
    local_dir = os.getcwd()
    ph.sftp_put_file(file=file, local_dir=local_dir, remote_dir=remote_dir)
 
    # 下载文件file3.txt
    file = 'file3.txt'
    remote_dir = '/root/test_log/' + file
    local_dir = os.getcwd()
    ph.sftp_get_file(file=file, local_dir=local_dir, remote_dir=remote_dir)
 
if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()