基于大数据的房价分析--1.数据爬取_基于大数据的房价分析平台 scrapy

爬取数据用的是python2.6+scrapy爬虫框架,一开始我写的是一个全站爬虫,可以根据一个种子url爬取58同城所有房价信息,但有个问题就是必须使用代理IP,否则爬虫很快就会被封禁,于是我想了个办法就是在linux中每五分钟运行一次爬虫程序,每次只爬取一个城市的房价信息,代码如下

1.spiders

#encoding=utf-8
import sys

sys.path.append("..")
from scrapy.spiders import Spider
from lxml import html
import plug
from plug.utils import StringUtil,NumberUtil
from ershoufang.items import HouseItem
import re
import scrapy
import time
import pymongo
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings
class erShouSpider(Spider):
    name = "ershoufang"
    allowed_domains = ["58.com"]

    def __init__(self):
        super(erShouSpider,self).__init__()
        self.settings = get_project_settings()
        self.client = pymongo.MongoClient(
                                                                self.settings['MONGO_IP'],
                                                                self.settings['MONGO_PORT'])
        self.cities_db = self.client[self.settings['CITY_DB']]
        self.cities_Col = self.cities_db[self.settings['CITY_COL']]
        self.fillurl=""
        self.cityhost=""
        self.city=""
    def get_specify_request(self):
        #返回指定的请求
        condition = {"city":self.settings['CITY']}
        if self.settings['PROVIENCE'] and self.settings['PROVIENCE']!="":
            condition = {"city":self.settings['CITY'],"provience":self.settings['PROVIENCE']}
            content = self.cities_Col.find_one(condition)
            self.cityhost = content['cityhost']
            self.fillUrl = "http://%s.58.com/ershoufang/"%self.cityhost
            self.city = content["_id"]
            return [scrapy.Request(self.fillUrl)]
    def get_sequence_request(self):
        #按顺序进行爬取
        requests = []
        if self.cities_Col.count({"status":False}) <= 0:
            print("全部设为false")
            self.cities_Col.update({},{"$set":{"status":False}},True,True,True)
        content = self.cities_Col.find_one({"status":False})
        self.cities_Col.update({"_id":content["_id"]},{"$set":{"status":True}})
        self.client.close()
        self.cityhost = content['cityhost']
        self.fillUrl = "http://%s.58.com/ershoufang/"%self.cityhost
        self.city = content["_id"]
        requests.append(scrapy.Request(self.fillUrl))
        return requests
    def start_requests(self):
        if self.settings['CITY'] and self.settings['CITY'] != '':
            return self.get_specify_request()
        else:
            return self.get_sequence_request()
    def parseUrls(self,html):
        links = html.xpath(".//a/@href")
        urls = []
        for link in links:
            if StringUtil.filtString(self.fillUrl+"pn\d+?/",link):

                urls.append(link)
        return urls
    def parseItems(self,html,url):
        houselist = html.xpath(".//ul[@class='house-list-wrap']//div[@class='list-info']")
        items = []
        for houseinfo in houselist:
            detailurl = houseinfo.xpath(".//h2[1]/a/@href")
            title = "".join(houseinfo.xpath(".//h2[1]/a/text()"))
            roomNum = "".join(houseinfo.xpath(".//p[1]/span[1]/text()")[0].split())
            size = "".join(houseinfo.xpath(".//p[1]/span[2]/text()"))
            orient =  "".join(houseinfo.xpath(".//p[1]/span[3]/text()"))
            floor = "".join(houseinfo.xpath(".//p[1]/span[4]/text()"))
            address = "".join(("".join(houseinfo.xpath(".//p[2]/span[1]//a/text()"))).split())
            sumprice = "".join(houseinfo.xpath("./following-sibling::div[1]//p[@class='sum']/b/text()"))
            unitprice = "".join(houseinfo.xpath("./following-sibling::div[@class='price']//p[@class='unit']/text()"))
            items.append(HouseItem(
                                        _id = "".join(detailurl),
                                        title = title,
                                        roomNum = roomNum,
                                        size = NumberUtil.fromString(size),
                                        orient = orient,
                                        floor = floor,
                                        address = address,
                                        sumPrice = NumberUtil.fromString(sumprice),
                                        unitPrice = NumberUtil.fromString(unitprice),
                                        city=self.city,
                                        fromUrl = url,
                                        nowTime = time.time(),
                                        status = "SUBSPENDING")
                                    )
        return items
    def parse(self,response):
        if(response.body =='None'):
            return
        doc = html.fromstring(response.body.decode("utf-8"))
        urls = self.parseUrls(doc)
        items = self.parseItems(doc,response.url)
        for url in urls:
            yield scrapy.Request(url,callback=self.parse)
        for item in items:
            yield item
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2.items

class HouseItem(scrapy.Item):
    # define the fields for your item here like:
    # name = scrapy.Field()
    title = scrapy.Field()
    roomNum = scrapy.Field()
    size = scrapy.Field()
    orient = scrapy.Field()
    floor = scrapy.Field()
    address = scrapy.Field()
    sumPrice = scrapy.Field()
    unitPrice = scrapy.Field()
    _id = scrapy.Field()
    imageurl = scrapy.Field()
    fromUrl = scrapy.Field()
    city = scrapy.Field()
    nowTime = scrapy.Field()
    status = scrapy.Field()
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3.pipelines

#coding: utf-8
import codecs
import json
import pymongo
from scrapy.utils.project import get_project_settings       

# Define your item pipelines here
#
# Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting
# See: http://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
from ershoufang.items import ProxyItem

class ErshoufangPipeline(object):
        def __init__(self):
            self.settings = get_project_settings()
            self.client = pymongo.MongoClient(
                host=self.settings['MONGO_IP'],
                port=self.settings['MONGO_PORT'])
            self.db = self.client[self.settings['MONGO_DB']]
            self.proxyclient = self.proxy = self.client[self.settings['PROXY_DB']][self.settings['POOL_NAME']]
            self.itemNumber = 0
        def process_proxy(self,item):
            self.proxyclient.insert(dict(item))
        def process_item(self, item, spider):
            if isinstance (item,ProxyItem):
                self.process_proxy(item)
                return item
            try:
                if not item['address']: 
                    print(item["fromUrl"+"网页异常"])
                    return item
                '''
                if self.db.ershoufang.count({"_id":item["_id"],"city":item['city']})<= 0:
                    print("删除")
                    self.db.ershoufang.remove({"_id":item["_id"]})
                '''
                coll = self.db[self.settings['ALL']]
                coll.insert(dict(item))
                self.itemNumber += 1
                print("爬取到第%s个房屋,地址为%s"%(self.itemNumber,item['address']))
            except Exception,e:
                print("房屋已存在"+item['address'])
            return item
        def closed_spider(self,spider):
            self.client.close()
            self.db.close() 
            print("本次爬取共爬取到%s条房屋数据"%self.itemNumber)
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爬取了三天,爬取了两百多万的数据,结果如下