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Android A/B System OTA分析(四)系统的启动和升级_android fota a/b升级

android fota a/b升级

Android从7.0开始引入新的OTA升级方式,A/B System Updates,这里将其叫做A/B系统,涉及的内容较多,分多篇对A/B系统的各个方面进行分析。本文为第四篇,系统的启动和升级。

本文为洛奇看世界(guyongqiangx)原创,转载请注明出处。
文章链接:https://blog.csdn.net/guyongqiangx/article/details/72604355

Android A/B 系统基础入门系列《Android A/B 系统》已完结,文章列表:

更多关于 Android OTA 升级相关文章,请参考《Android OTA 升级系列专栏文章导读》

本文基于AOSP 7.1.1_r23 (NMF27D)代码进行分析。

1. 系统的启动

1.1 bootloader检查slot metadata

系统复位后,bootloader会去读取boot_control私有的存储数slot metadata并进行解析,以此确定从哪一个slot启动。
以下是Android官方的一个bootloader加载流程图:

Androidbootloader`加载流程图

大致启动流程如下:

  1. 系统启动后,bootloader读取分区元数据slot metadata
  2. 检查分区元数据中是否有可启动的分区,如果没有可启动分区,直接进入bootloaderrecovery mode(即bootloader下的刷机模式),一般是进入fastboot命令行;
  3. 如果分区元数据中有可启动的分区,则选择所有可启动分区中优先级最高的slot(例如,直接选择当前设置为active的分区);
  4. 检查所选择分区的retry countretry count表示当前分区可以尝试启动的次数);
  5. 如果当前选择分区的retry count为0,且没有启动成功(启动成功的分区会标记为successful),则将所选择分区标记为无效分区(通常设置为unbootable),然后重复第2步,查找下一个可以启动的分区;
  6. 如果当前选择的分区尝试启动次数retry count不为0,则表示还可以继续尝试从当前分区启动,需要将其retry count进行递减,然后加载相应的slot进行启动;

1.2 linux系统的启动

上一步中,bootloader会根据slot metadata确定读取哪一个slotboot分区进行启动。

每一个slot上有两个rootfs

  • boot分区自带recovery moderamdisk;
  • system分区包含了Android系统的rootfs;

启动中,如何选择加载boot分区的ramdisk还是system分区的rootfs呢?
答案是由kernel的命令行参数skip_initramfs来决定。

下面来看skip_initramfs参数是如何起作用的。

系统同时包含init\noinitramfs.cinit\initramfs.c的代码,并在initramfs.c模块中定义并解析skip_initramfs参数:

# init\initramfs.c
static int __initdata do_skip_initramfs;

static int __init skip_initramfs_param(char *str)
{
	if (*str)
		return 0;
    # 设置do_skip_initramfs标志
	do_skip_initramfs = 1;
	return 1;
}
# 用于解析命令行的`skip_initramfs`参数
__setup("skip_initramfs", skip_initramfs_param);
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如果命令行设置了skip_initramfs,则do_skip_initramfs会被设置为1。

linux调用populate_rootfs默认会并加载boot分区自带的ramdisk,但如果do_skip_initramfs
设置为1,则调用default_rootfs生成一个极小的rootfs

# init\initramfs.c
static int __init populate_rootfs(void)
{
	char *err;

	# 如果do_skip_initramfs置1,则调用default_rootfs生成一个极小的rootfs
	if (do_skip_initramfs)
		return default_rootfs();

    # 没有设置do_skip_initramfs的情况下,才会解析并加载`boot`分区所包含的`ramdisk`
	err = unpack_to_rootfs(__initramfs_start, __initramfs_size);
	if (err)
		panic("%s", err); /* Failed to decompress INTERNAL initramfs */
	...
	return 0;
}
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default_rootfs的内容很简单,用于在内存中生成一个极小的rootfs,仅包含/devroot两个文件夹以及一个设备节点/dev/console

# init\noinitramfs.c
/*
 * Create a simple rootfs that is similar to the default initramfs
 */
static int __init default_rootfs(void)
{
	int err;
    # 创建/dev文件夹用于存放/dev/console设备节点
	err = sys_mkdir((const char __user __force *) "/dev", 0755);
	if (err < 0)
		goto out;
    # 创建/dev/console设备节点
	err = sys_mknod((const char __user __force *) "/dev/console",
			S_IFCHR | S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR,
			new_encode_dev(MKDEV(5, 1)));
	if (err < 0)
		goto out;
    # 创建/root目录,作为根用户root的home
	err = sys_mkdir((const char __user __force *) "/root", 0700);
	if (err < 0)
		goto out;

	return 0;

out:
	printk(KERN_WARNING "Failed to create a rootfs\n");
	return err;
}
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因此skip_initramfs参数决定了加载哪一个rootfs,进入哪一个系统。

  • 加载android系统的命令行参数
    skip_initramfs rootwait ro init=/init root="/dev/dm-0 dm=system none ro,0 1 android-verity <public-key-id> <path-to-system-partition>"
    例如Broadcom7252SSFFDR3参考平台的启动Android系统的参数为:

      mem=1016m@0m mem=1024m@2048m bmem=339m@669m bmem=237m@2048m  \
      brcm_cma=784m@2288m \
      ramoops.mem_address=0x3F800000 ramoops.mem_size=0x800000 ramoops.console_size=0x400000 \
      buildvariant=userdebug \
      veritykeyid=id:7e4333f9bba00adfe0ede979e28ed1920492b40f buildvariant=eng \
      rootwait init=/init ro \
      root=/dev/dm-0 dm="system none ro,0 1 android-verity PARTUUID=c49e0acb-1b38-95e5-548a-2b7260e704a4" skip_initramfs
    
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    除去rootfs不相关的参数,看起来是这样的:
    rootwait init=/init ro root=/dev/dm-0 dm="system none ro,0 1 android-verity PARTUUID=c49e0acb-1b38-95e5-548a-2b7260e704a4" skip_initramfs

命令行中,文件系统的root设备由参数root="/dev/dm-0 dm=system none ro,0 1 android-verity <public-key-id> <path-to-system-partition>"指定,显然,这里的root参数设置将设备名设置为/dev/dm-0,至于设备/dev/dm-0是一个什么设备,作用为何,属于另一个话题dm-verity,此处不再展开讨论。

  • 加载recovery系统的命令行参数
    rootwait init=/init ro
    例如Broadcom7252SSFFDR3参考平台的启动Recovery的参数为:

      mem=1016m@0m mem=1024m@2048m bmem=339m@669m bmem=237m@2048m \
      brcm_cma=784m@2288m \
      ramoops.mem_address=0x3F800000 ramoops.mem_size=0x800000 ramoops.console_size=0x400000 \
      rootwait init=/init ro \
      buildvariant=userdebug veritykeyid=id:7e4333f9bba00adfe0ede979e28ed1920492b40f buildvariant=eng
    
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    除去rootfs不相关的参数,看起来是这样的:
    rootwait init=/init ro

默认linux是不支持参数skip_initramfs参数的,Android系统中为了跳过boot分区的ramdisk,引入了这个命令行参数,参考以下提交:

https://android-review.googlesource.com/#/c/158491/ [initramfs: Add skip_initramfs command line option]

1.3 Android系统的启动

linux启动后,通过dm-verify机制校验system分区,完成后加载system分区内包含的rootfs,通过/init程序解析/init.rc脚本,完成Android系统的启动。

这部分的启动过程跟传统的系统启动是一样的。

1.4 Recovery系统的启动

linux启动后,根据参数,加载boot分区的ramdisk,通过/init程序解析/init.rc脚本,启动Recovery系统。

这部分的启动过程跟传统的Recovery系统启动是一样的。

2. 系统的升级

A/B系统升级包的制作方式跟传统系统升级包制作方式基本一致,主要分为两步:

  1. 编译系统文件
  2. 制作升级包

升级方式根据升级包的内容分为两种:

  1. 完整升级,升级包包含完整的系统,对内容进行全新升级;
  2. 增量升级/差分升级,升级包仅包含跟当前系统不一样的内容,对系统进行打补丁式升级;

2.1 完整升级

  1. 升级包的制作
  • 第一步,编译系统

    	$ source build/envsetup.sh
    	$ lunch bcm7252ssffdr4-userdebug
    	$ mkdir dist_output
    	$ make -j32 dist DIST_DIR=dist_output
    	  [...]
    	$ ls -lh dist-output/*target_files*
    	-rw-r--r-- 1 ygu users 566M May 21 14:49 bcm7252ssffdr4-target_files-eng.ygu.zip
    
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  • 第二步,制作安装包

    	$ ./build/tools/releasetools/ota_from_target_files dist-output/bcm7252ssffdr4-target_files-eng.ygu.zip full-ota.zip
    	$ ls -lh dist-output
    	-rw-r--r-- 1 ygu users 270M May 21 14:51 full-ota.zip
    
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  1. 升级包的内容

    解压缩full-ota.zip可以看到其内容:

     $ mkdir full-ota
     $ unzip full-ota.zip -d full-ota
     Archive:  full-ota.zip
     signed by SignApk
      extracting: full-ota/payload.bin    
       inflating: full-ota/META-INF/com/android/metadata  
       inflating: full-ota/care_map.txt   
       inflating: full-ota/payload_properties.txt  
       inflating: full-ota/META-INF/com/android/otacert  
       inflating: full-ota/META-INF/MANIFEST.MF  
       inflating: full-ota/META-INF/CERT.SF  
       inflating: full-ota/META-INF/CERT.RSA  
     $ ls -lh full-ota
     total 270M
     drwxr-sr-x 3 ygu users 4.0K May 21 18:14 META-INF
     -rw-r--r-- 1 ygu users   36 Jan  1  2009 care_map.txt
     -rw-r--r-- 1 ygu users 270M Jan  1  2009 payload.bin
     -rw-r--r-- 1 ygu users  154 Jan  1  2009 payload_properties.txt
     $ tree -l full-ota
     full-ota
     |-- META-INF
     |   |-- CERT.RSA
     |   |-- CERT.SF
     |   |-- MANIFEST.MF
     |   `-- com
     |       `-- android
     |           |-- metadata
     |           `-- otacert
     |-- care_map.txt
     |-- payload.bin
     `-- payload_properties.txt
     
     3 directories, 8 files
    
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    其中,payload.bin是系统要更新的数据文件,payload_properties.txt包含了升级内容的一些属性信息,如下:

     $ cat full-ota/payload_properties.txt 
     FILE_HASH=ozGgyQEcnkI5ZaX+Wbjo5I/PCR7PEZka9fGd0nWa+oY=
     FILE_SIZE=282164983
     METADATA_HASH=GLIKfE6KRwylWMHsNadG/Q8iy5f7ENWTatvMdBlpoPg=
     METADATA_SIZE=21023
    
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    升级时会使用到payload_properties.txt里面的信息。

  2. 系统包的使用

    A/B系统在debug模式下会包含升级应用update_engine_client,其参数如下:

     bcm7252ssffdr4:/ # which update_engine_client
     /system/bin/update_engine_client
     bcm7252ssffdr4:/ # update_engine_client --help 
     Android Update Engine Client
     
       --cancel  (Cancel the ongoing update and exit.)  type: bool  default: false
       --follow  (Follow status update changes until a final state is reached. Exit status is 0 if the update succeeded, and 1 otherwise.)  type: bool  default: false
       --headers  (A list of key-value pairs, one element of the list per line. Used when --update is passed.)  type: string  default: ""
       --help  (Show this help message)  type: bool  default: false
       --offset  (The offset in the payload where the CrAU update starts. Used when --update is passed.)  type: int64  default: 0
       --payload  (The URI to the update payload to use.)  type: string  default: "http://127.0.0.1:8080/payload"
       --reset_status  (Reset an already applied update and exit.)  type: bool  default: false
       --resume  (Resume a suspended update.)  type: bool  default: false
       --size  (The size of the CrAU part of the payload. If 0 is passed, it will be autodetected. Used when --update is passed.)  type: int64  default: 0
       --suspend  (Suspend an ongoing update and exit.)  type: bool  default: false
       --update  (Start a new update, if no update in progress.)  type: bool  default: false
    
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    payload.bin文件放到可以通过http访问的地方,然后在命令行调用update_engine_client进行升级:

     bcm7252ssffdr4:/ # update_engine_client \
     --payload=http://stbszx-bld-5/public/android/full-ota/payload.bin \
     --update \
     --headers="
       FILE_HASH=ozGgyQEcnkI5ZaX+Wbjo5I/PCR7PEZka9fGd0nWa+oY= 
       FILE_SIZE=282164983
       METADATA_HASH=GLIKfE6KRwylWMHsNadG/Q8iy5f7ENWTatvMdBlpoPg= 
       METADATA_SIZE=21023 
     "
    
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    其中headers选项需要填写payload_properties.txt文件的内容。

    [2019/08/13] 补充一点,这里update_engine_client--headers=参数最终是按行进行拆分提取的,所以需要将--headers=的每个参数分别写到一行上,然后全部参数用双引号包含,否则可能会出现无法正常解析headers参数导致无法正常执行的情况。

2.2 增量升级/差分升级

差分包升级与完整包升级除了升级包的制作不一样之外,生成的升级包文件内容一样,使用update_engine_client进行升级的操作也完全一样,因此这里仅说明差分包的制作。

差分升级包的制作

  • 第一步,对android进行改动并编译系统

    差分升级时,需要保留原有系统的生成文件,然后修改后生成新的系统文件,这里假定原有系统生成文件位于:dist_output,修改后生成的系统文件位于dist_output-new,编译方式跟完整包的生成方式一样。

    $ source build/envsetup.sh
    $ lunch bcm7252ssffdr4-userdebug
    $ mkdir dist_output
    $ make -j32 dist DIST_DIR=dist_output
      [...]
    $ ls -lh dist-output-new/*target_files*
    -rw-r--r-- 1 ygu users 566M May 21 15:27 bcm7252ssffdr4-target_files-eng.ygu.zip
    
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  • 第二步,制作安装包

    对比原有系统文件和修改后的系统文件生成差分包,这里通过-i指定差分包生成的基线(baseline)。

    $./build/tools/releasetools/ota_from_target_files \
    -i dist-output/bcm7252ssffdr4-target_files-eng.ygu.zip \
    dist-output-new/bcm7252ssffdr4-target_files-eng.ygu.zip \
    incremental-ota.zip
    
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2.3 升级日志样本

调用update_engine_client进行升级后可以通过logcat查看其升级日志,如:

bcm7252ssffdr4:/ # update_engine_client \
--payload=http://stbszx-bld-5/public/android/full-ota/payload.bin \
--update \
--headers="\
  FILE_HASH=ozGgyQEcnkI5ZaX+Wbjo5I/PCR7PEZka9fGd0nWa+oY= 
  FILE_SIZE=282164983 
  METADATA_HASH=GLIKfE6KRwylWMHsNadG/Q8iy5f7ENWTatvMdBlpoPg= 
  METADATA_SIZE=21023 
"
bcm7252ssffdr4:/ #
bcm7252ssffdr4:/ # logcat -s update_engine:v
--------- beginning of main
--------- beginning of system
I update_engine: [INFO:main.cc(113)] Chrome OS Update Engine starting
I update_engine: [INFO:boot_control_android.cc(78)] Loaded boot_control HAL 'boot control hal for bcm platform' version 0.1 authored by 'Broadcom'.
I update_engine: [INFO:daemon_state_android.cc(43)] Booted in dev mode.
I update_engine: [INFO:update_attempter_android.cc(199)] Using this install plan:
I update_engine: [INFO:install_plan.cc(71)] InstallPlan: new_update, payload type: unknown, source_slot: A, target_slot: B, url: http://stbszx-bld-5/public/android/full-ota/payload.bin, payload size: 282164983, payload hash: ozGgyQEcnkI5ZaX+Wbjo5I/PCR7PEZka9fGd0nWa+oY=, metadata size: 21023, metadata signature: , hash_checks_mandatory: true, powerwash_required: false
W update_engine: [WARNING:hardware_android.cc(126)] STUB: Assuming OOBE is complete.
I update_engine: [INFO:cpu_limiter.cc(71)] Setting cgroup cpu shares to  2
E update_engine: [ERROR:utils.cc(199)] 0 == writer.Open(path, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0600) failed: No such file or directory
E update_engine: [ERROR:cpu_limiter.cc(74)] Failed to change cgroup cpu shares to 2 using /sys/fs/cgroup/cpu/update-engine/cpu.shares
I update_engine: [INFO:update_attempter_android.cc(379)] Marking booted slot as good.
I update_engine: [INFO:update_attempter_android.cc(394)] Scheduling an action processor start.
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(46)] ActionProcessor: starting InstallPlanAction
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(116)] ActionProcessor: finished InstallPlanAction with code ErrorCode::kSuccess
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(143)] ActionProcessor: starting DownloadAction
I update_engine: [INFO:install_plan.cc(71)] InstallPlan: new_update, payload type: unknown, source_slot: A, target_slot: B, url: http://stbszx-bld-5/public/android/full-ota/payload.bin, payload size: 282164983, payload hash: ozGgyQEcnkI5ZaX+Wbjo5I/PCR7PEZka9fGd0nWa+oY=, metadata size: 21023, metadata signature: , hash_checks_mandatory: true, powerwash_required: false
I update_engine: [INFO:download_action.cc(178)] Marking new slot as unbootable
I update_engine: [INFO:multi_range_http_fetcher.cc(45)] starting first transfer
I update_engine: [INFO:multi_range_http_fetcher.cc(73)] starting transfer of range 0+282164983
I update_engine: [INFO:libcurl_http_fetcher.cc(94)] Starting/Resuming transfer
I update_engine: [INFO:libcurl_http_fetcher.cc(106)] Using proxy: no
I update_engine: [INFO:libcurl_http_fetcher.cc(237)] Setting up curl options for HTTP
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 0/? operations, 14169/282164983 bytes downloaded (0%), overall progress 0%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(536)] Manifest size in payload matches expected value from Omaha
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(1396)] Verifying metadata hash signature using public key: /etc/update_engine/update-payload-key.pub.pem
I update_engine: [INFO:payload_verifier.cc(93)] signature blob size = 264
I update_engine: [INFO:payload_verifier.cc(112)] Verified correct signature 1 out of 1 signatures.
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(1439)] Metadata hash signature matches value in Omaha response.
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(1459)] Detected a 'full' payload.
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(374)] PartitionInfo old boot sha256:  size: 0
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(374)] PartitionInfo new boot sha256: dZpLY9KsQYa2B14B0oBzfUKxVFIH7ocbgT70JavheSc= size: 19480576
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(374)] PartitionInfo old system sha256:  size: 0
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(374)] PartitionInfo new system sha256: kFXbYzaM47PifNjuL+Plz1zTMEp1MoajOuXZuCh9yw0= size: 769654784
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(359)] Applying 10 operations to partition "boot"
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(647)] Starting to apply update payload operations
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(359)] Applying 367 operations to partition "system"
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 23/377 operations (6%), 40302425/282164983 bytes downloaded (14%), overall progress 10%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 48/377 operations (12%), 79017817/282164983 bytes downloaded (28%), overall progress 20%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 74/377 operations (19%), 118519641/282164983 bytes downloaded (42%), overall progress 30%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 98/377 operations (25%), 158021465/282164983 bytes downloaded (56%), overall progress 40%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 121/377 operations (32%), 192001881/282164983 bytes downloaded (68%), overall progress 50%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 145/377 operations (38%), 231389017/282164983 bytes downloaded (82%), overall progress 60%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 171/377 operations (45%), 270890841/282164983 bytes downloaded (96%), overall progress 70%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 242/377 operations (64%), 273413977/282164983 bytes downloaded (96%), overall progress 80%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 317/377 operations (84%), 273430361/282164983 bytes downloaded (96%), overall progress 90%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(196)] Completed 377/377 operations (100%), 282164983/282164983 bytes downloaded (100%), overall progress 100%
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(1336)] Extracted signature data of size 264 at 282143432
I update_engine: [INFO:multi_range_http_fetcher.cc(111)] terminating transfer
I update_engine: [INFO:multi_range_http_fetcher.cc(171)] Received transfer terminated.
I update_engine: [INFO:multi_range_http_fetcher.cc(123)] TransferEnded w/ code 206
I update_engine: [INFO:multi_range_http_fetcher.cc(157)] Done w/ all transfers
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(1596)] Verifying payload using public key: /etc/update_engine/update-payload-key.pub.pem
I update_engine: [INFO:payload_verifier.cc(93)] signature blob size = 264
I update_engine: [INFO:payload_verifier.cc(112)] Verified correct signature 1 out of 1 signatures.
I update_engine: [INFO:delta_performer.cc(1633)] Payload hash matches value in payload.
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(116)] ActionProcessor: finished DownloadAction with code ErrorCode::kSuccess
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(143)] ActionProcessor: starting FilesystemVerifierAction
I update_engine: [INFO:filesystem_verifier_action.cc(157)] Hashing partition 0 (boot) on device /dev/block/by-name/boot_e
I update_engine: [INFO:filesystem_verifier_action.cc(248)] Hash of boot: dZpLY9KsQYa2B14B0oBzfUKxVFIH7ocbgT70JavheSc=
I update_engine: [INFO:filesystem_verifier_action.cc(157)] Hashing partition 1 (system) on device /dev/block/by-name/system_e
I update_engine: [INFO:filesystem_verifier_action.cc(248)] Hash of system: kFXbYzaM47PifNjuL+Plz1zTMEp1MoajOuXZuCh9yw0=
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(116)] ActionProcessor: finished FilesystemVerifierAction with code ErrorCode::kSuccess
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(143)] ActionProcessor: starting PostinstallRunnerAction
I update_engine: [INFO:postinstall_runner_action.cc(341)] All post-install commands succeeded
I update_engine: [INFO:action_processor.cc(116)] ActionProcessor: finished last action PostinstallRunnerAction with code ErrorCode::kSuccess
I update_engine: [INFO:update_attempter_android.cc(282)] Processing Done.
I update_engine: [INFO:update_attempter_android.cc(291)] Update successfully applied, waiting to reboot.
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以上logcat信息已经去掉了时间戳,原始的log信息请参考:update_engine_client log

update_engine更新操作成功后会提示Update successfully applied, waiting to reboot.,要求系统进行重启,重启后会设置相应分区slot的属性为successful,表明系统能够成功启动。

重启系统,检查Android系统的编译版本和时间戳,验证升级是否成功。

3. 其它

到目前为止,我写过 Android OTA 升级相关的话题包括:

  • 基础入门:《Android A/B 系统》系列
  • 核心模块:《Android Update Engine 分析》 系列
  • 动态分区:《Android 动态分区》 系列
  • 虚拟 A/B:《Android 虚拟 A/B 分区》系列
  • 升级工具:《Android OTA 相关工具》系列

更多这些关于 Android OTA 升级相关文章的内容,请参考《Android OTA 升级系列专栏文章导读》

如果您已经订阅了动态分区和虚拟分区付费专栏,请务必加我微信,备注订阅账号,拉您进“动态分区 & 虚拟分区专栏 VIP 答疑群”。我会在方便的时候,回答大家关于 A/B 系统、动态分区、虚拟分区、各种 OTA 升级和签名的问题。

除此之外,我有一个 Android OTA 升级讨论群,里面现在有 400+ 朋友,主要讨论手机,车机,电视,机顶盒,平板等各种设备的 OTA 升级话题,如果您从事 OTA 升级工作,欢迎加群一起交流,请在加我微信时注明“Android OTA 讨论组”。此群仅限 Android OTA 开发者参与~

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