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【Android】一步步实现手机拍照、录像及存储至相册（CameraX）_安卓开发相机拍照录像

作者：小小林熬夜学编程 | 2024-04-21 06:12:06

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安卓开发相机拍照录像

文章目录

参考资料

https://developer.android.google.cn/codelabs/camerax-getting-started?hl=zh-cn#0
https://developer.android.google.cn/training/camerax/video-capture?hl=zh-cn
//https://blog.csdn.net/teolih/article/details/120423971

对应视频及项目代码

【项目代码】https://gitee.com/hellosunshine/camerax_android_java.git

步骤（java版本）

基本功能

预览界面
拍摄图片
录制视频
分析图片

创建项目

创建活动

请添加图片描述

启动

<activity
    android:name=".MainActivity"
    android:exported="true">
    <intent-filter>
        <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

        <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
    </intent-filter>
</activity>
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CameraX、LifeCycle添加依赖

dependencies {
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.4.1'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.5.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.1.3'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.4.0'

    //CameraX添加依赖
    def camerax_version = "1.1.0-alpha08"
    def lifecycle_version = "2.5.1"
    implementation "androidx.camera:camera-camera2:$camerax_version"
    implementation "androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:$camerax_version"
    implementation "androidx.camera:camera-view:1.3.0-alpha07"
    implementation 'androidx.camera:camera-video:'
    implementation "androidx.lifecycle:lifecycle-common-java8:$lifecycle_version"
}
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布局添加

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <androidx.camera.view.PreviewView
        android:id="@+id/preview_view"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/takeVideoBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/startRecord"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toStartOf="@id/takePhotoBtn"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias=".9" />

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/takePhotoBtn"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="@string/takePhoto"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toEndOf="@+id/takeVideoBtn"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintVertical_bias=".9" />
</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>
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添加相机、读写存储权限

    <!-- 拍照权限 -->
    <uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera.any" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />
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绑定控件 & 添加监听 & 获取权限

package com.example.cameraxjavaactivity;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.camera.view.PreviewView;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;
import androidx.core.content.ContextCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.pm.PackageManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    //按钮
    Button takePhotoButton;
    Button takeVideoButton;
    //预览
    PreviewView previewView;
    //权限
    private static final String[] REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS = new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO};
    public static final int REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS = 10;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        //绑定控件
        takePhotoButton = findViewById(R.id.takePhotoBtn);
        takeVideoButton = findViewById(R.id.takeVideoBtn);
        previewView = findViewById(R.id.preview_view);
        takePhotoButton.setOnClickListener(v -> takePhoto());
        takeVideoButton.setOnClickListener(v -> takeVideo());
        //获取权限
        if (havePermissions()) {
            initCamera();
        } else {
            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS);
        }
    }
    
    @Override
    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions, @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
        if(requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS) {
            initCamera();
        } else {
            finish();
        }
    }

    //判断权限是否获取
    private boolean havePermissions() {
        for (String permission : REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS) {
            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    //初始化Camera
    private void initCamera() {

    }

    //拍照
    private void takePhoto() {

    }

    //录像
    private void takeVideo() {

    }
}
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运行没有报错，继续下步骤

初始化相机

实现拍照功能

定义imageCapture和processCameraProviderListenableFuture

//capture
    ImageCapture imageCapture;
    ListenableFuture<ProcessCameraProvider> processCameraProviderListenableFuture;
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初始化相机预览

    //初始化Camera
    private void initCamera() {
        ///实例化（可以设置许多属性)
        imageCapture = new ImageCapture.Builder().build();
        processCameraProviderListenableFuture = ProcessCameraProvider.getInstance(this);
        processCameraProviderListenableFuture.addListener(() -> {
            try {
                //配置预览(https://developer.android.google.cn/training/camerax/preview?hl=zh-cn)
                previewView.setScaleType(PreviewView.ScaleType.FIT_CENTER);
                Preview preview = new Preview.Builder().build();
                preview.setSurfaceProvider(previewView.getSurfaceProvider());
                //绑定到生命周期
                ProcessCameraProvider processCameraProvider = processCameraProviderListenableFuture.get();
                processCameraProvider.unbindAll();
                processCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(MainActivity.this, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, preview, imageCapture);
            } catch (ExecutionException | InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this));
    }
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运行代码，看到预览界面有了，继续下步骤
实现按下拍照，并存储至相册

//拍照
   private void takePhoto() {
       if (imageCapture != null) {
           //ContentValues
           String name = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-SSS", Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE).format(System.currentTimeMillis())
           ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
           contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name);
           contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg");
           if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
               contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, "Pictures/CameraXImage");
           }
           //图片输出
           ImageCapture.OutputFileOptions outputFileOptions = new ImageCapture.OutputFileOptions
                   .Builder(getContentResolver(), MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI, contentValues)
                   .build();
           imageCapture.takePicture(outputFileOptions, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this), new ImageCapture.OnImageSavedCallback() {
               @Override
               public void onImageSaved(@NonNull ImageCapture.OutputFileResults outputFileResults) {
                   Log.i("CameraXTest", Objects.requireNonNull(outputFileResults.getSavedUri()).toString());
               }

               @Override
               public void onError(@NonNull ImageCaptureException exception) {
                   Log.e("CameraXTest", exception.toString());
               }
           });
       }
   }
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运行后点击拍照可以看到照片被保存到手机相册

实现录像功能

定义videoCapture、recording

   VideoCapture videoCapture;
   Recording recording;
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构建实例

	Recorder recorder = new Recorder.Builder().build();
    videoCapture = VideoCapture.withOutput(recorder);
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添加videoCapture

processCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(MainActivity.this, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, preview, imageCapture, videoCapture);
//processCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(MainActivity.this, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, preview, imageCapture);
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录像

//录像
   private void takeVideo() {
       if (videoCapture != null) {
           takeVideoButton.setEnabled(false);
           if (recording != null) {
               recording.stop();
               recording = null;
               return;
           }
           String name = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-SSS", Locale.SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE).format(System.currentTimeMillis()) + ".mp4";
           ContentValues contentValues = new ContentValues();
           contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.DISPLAY_NAME, name);
           contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.MIME_TYPE, "video/mp4");
           if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.Q) {
               contentValues.put(MediaStore.MediaColumns.RELATIVE_PATH, "Movies/CameraX-Video");
           }
           MediaStoreOutputOptions mediaStoreOutputOptions = new MediaStoreOutputOptions
                   .Builder(getContentResolver(), MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI)
                   .setContentValues(contentValues)
                   .build();
           Recorder recorder = (Recorder) videoCapture.getOutput();
           if (ActivityCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
               ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS, REQUEST_CODE_PERMISSIONS);
               return;
           }
           recording = recorder.prepareRecording(this, mediaStoreOutputOptions)
                   .withAudioEnabled()
                   .start(ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this), videoRecordEvent -> {
                       if (videoRecordEvent instanceof VideoRecordEvent.Start) {
                           takeVideoButton.setText(getString(R.string.stopRecord));
                           takeVideoButton.setEnabled(true);
                       } else if (videoRecordEvent instanceof VideoRecordEvent.Finalize) {
                           if (((VideoRecordEvent.Finalize) videoRecordEvent).hasError()) {
                               if (recording != null) {
                                   recording.close();
                                   recording = null;
                               }
                           } else {
                               String msg = "视频为" + ((VideoRecordEvent.Finalize) videoRecordEvent).getOutputResults().getOutputUri();
                               Log.i("CameraXTest", msg);
                           }
                           takeVideoButton.setEnabled(true);
                           takeVideoButton.setText(getString(R.string.startRecord));
                       }
                   });
       }
   }
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点击录像后录制，录制后点击停止录像，相册会出现一段视频

相机扩展

https://developer.android.google.cn/training/camerax/extensions-api?hl=zh-cn
本人设备不支持

图片分析

添加imageAnalysis

    //executor & imageAnalysis
    private ExecutorService cameraExecutor;
    private ImageAnalysis imageAnalysis;
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实例化
在绑定生命周期前面执行

    //图片分析
   @SuppressLint("UnsafeOptInUsageError")
   private void initImageAnalysis() {
       imageAnalysis = new ImageAnalysis.Builder()
               .setBackpressureStrategy(ImageAnalysis.STRATEGY_KEEP_ONLY_LATEST)
               .build();
       imageAnalysis.setAnalyzer(cameraExecutor, imageProxy -> {
           int rotationDegrees = imageProxy.getImageInfo().getRotationDegrees();
           Log.i("CameraXTest", String.valueOf(Objects.requireNonNull(imageProxy.getImage()).getTimestamp()));
           Log.i("CameraXTest", String.valueOf(rotationDegrees));
           imageProxy.close();
       });
   }
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修改绑定生命周期

processCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(MainActivity.this, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, imageAnalysis, preview, imageCapture, videoCapture);
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运行，查看日志

其他配置

闪光灯模式

imageCapture = new ImageCapture.Builder()
               //控制闪光灯模式 FLASH_MODE_ON（拍照时，闪光灯会亮起）
               .setFlashMode(ImageCapture.FLASH_MODE_ON)
               .build();
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旋转（屏幕方向与最后拍出的图片方向）

///旋转
   //orientation为北为0,顺时针度数0-360
   //Surface.ROTATION_270将拍摄好的图片顺时针旋转270度
   private void setOrientationEventListener() {
       OrientationEventListener orientationEventListener = new OrientationEventListener(this) {
           @Override
           public void onOrientationChanged(int orientation) {
               int rotation;
               if (orientation >= 45 && orientation < 135) {
                   rotation = Surface.ROTATION_270;
               } else if (orientation >= 135 && orientation < 225) {
                   rotation = Surface.ROTATION_180;
               } else if (orientation >= 225 && orientation < 315) {
                   rotation = Surface.ROTATION_90;
               } else {
                   rotation = Surface.ROTATION_0;
               }
               Log.i("CameraXTest", String.valueOf(rotation));
               Log.i("CameraXTest", String.valueOf(orientation));
               imageCapture.setTargetRotation(rotation);
           }
       };
       orientationEventListener.enable();
   }
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裁剪矩形

//剪裁矩形(拍摄之后，对图片进行裁剪）
              ViewPort viewPort = null;
              if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.R) {
                  viewPort = new ViewPort.Builder(
                          new Rational(100, 100), getDisplay().getRotation()
                  ).build();
              } else {
                  viewPort = new ViewPort.Builder(
                          new Rational(100, 100), Surface.ROTATION_0
                  ).build();
              }
              UseCaseGroup useCaseGroup = new UseCaseGroup.Builder()
                      .addUseCase(preview)
                      .addUseCase(imageAnalysis)
                      .addUseCase(imageCapture)
                      .addUseCase(videoCapture)
                      .setViewPort(viewPort)
                      .build();
              processCameraProvider.unbindAll();
              processCameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(MainActivity.this, CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA, useCaseGroup);
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控制相机输入

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