devbox
小小林熬夜学编程
这个屌丝很懒，什么也没留下！
关注作者
热门标签
热门文章
当前位置:   article > 正文

Django Admin 后台自定制技巧_django admin定制

作者：小小林熬夜学编程 | 2024-05-02 01:07:36

赞

踩

django admin定制

Django Admin是Django框架内置的一个强大的后台管理系统，用于管理应用程序的数据模型和进行常见的管理任务。Django Admin提供了一个基于Web的用户界面，使开发者可以轻松地执行各种管理操作，而无需编写大量的自定义代码。

Django Admin 简单配置

settings.py

  1. LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
  2. TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

models.py

  1. from django.db import models
  2. import sqlite3
  3. from django.utils.html import format_html
  4.  
  5. STATUS_CHOICES = (('d', '正常'),('p', '警告'),('w', '损坏'),)
  6.  
  7. class HostDB(models.Model):
  8.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  9.     hostname = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机名称")
  10.     hostaddr = models.TextField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机地址")
  11.     hostCPU = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机CPU")
  12.     hostMEM = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机内存")
  13.     DataTime = models.DateTimeField(verbose_name="主机当前时间")
  14.     hostUser = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="负责人")
  15.     hostStats = models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=STATUS_CHOICES,verbose_name="状态")
  16.  
  17.     def __str__(self):
  18.         return self.hostname
  19.     # 自定义方法,主要负责给主机标注颜色
  20.     def Status(self):
  21.         if self.hostStats == 'd':
  22.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:green;color:white">正常</span>')
  23.         elif self.hostStats == 'p':
  24.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:yellow;color:black">警告</span>')
  25.         elif self.hostStats == 'w':
  26.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:red;color:white">损坏</span>')
  27.         return format_td
  28.     Status.short_description = "当前状态"

admin.py

  1. from django.contrib import admin
  2. from MyWeb.models import *
  3.  
  4. # 必须继承ModelAdmin基类,才可以调整参数,HostDB则是你的表的名称
  5. @admin.register(HostDB)
  6. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  7.     admin.site.site_title="自动化后台管理"
  8.     admin.site.site_header = "Django 自动化运维"
  9.  
  10.     # list_display = 你需要展示的字段应该写在这里,此处是数据库中的字段
  11.     list_display = ("hostname","hostaddr","hostCPU","hostMEM","DataTime","hostUser","Status")
  12.     # search_fields = 用于添加一个搜索框,此处以hostaddr作为查询条件
  13.     search_fields = ("hostaddr",)
  14.     # list_filter = 设置一个过滤器,此处是以hostname作为过滤条件
  15.     list_filter = ("hostname",)
  16.     # ordering = 设置一个排序条件,此处是以id作为排序依据
  17.     ordering = ("id",)
  18.     #list_per_page = 设置每页显示多少条记录,默认是100条
  19.     list_per_page = 10
  20.     #list_editable = 设置默认可编辑字段
  21.     #list_editable = ("DataTime",)
  22.     # date_hierarchy = 显示详细时间分层筛选
  23.     date_hierarchy = 'DataTime'
  24.     # readonly_fields = 可以设置只读字段,就是无法修改的字段
  25.     readonly_fields = ("hostCPU","hostMEM",)
  26.  
  27. python manage.py makemigrations
  28. python manage.py migrate
  29. python manage.py createsuperuser

效果如下。

另外找到一个不错的主题

  1. pip install simpleui
  2.  
  3. vim settings.py
  4. INSTALLED_APPS = [
  5.     'simpleui',
  6.     'django.contrib.admin',
  7.     'myweb.apps.MywebConfig',
  8. ]
  9.  
  10. STATIC_URL = '/static/'
  11. STATICFILES_DIRS = [
  12.      os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static"),
  13.  ]

定制主机管理菜单

  1. vim settings.py
  2. LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
  3. TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
  4.  
  5. apps.py
  6. from django.apps import AppConfig
  7. class MywebConfig(AppConfig):
  8.     name = 'MyWeb'
  9.     verbose_name = "服务器集群"

models.py

  1. from django.db import models
  2. from django.utils.html import format_html
  3.  
  4. STATUS_CHOICES = (('d', '正常'),('p', '警告'),('w', '损坏'),)
  5.  
  6. class HostInfo(models.Model):
  7.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  8.     HostName = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机名")
  9.     HostAddr = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机IP")
  10.     HostModel = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="设备型号")
  11.     HostCPU = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机CPU")
  12.     HostMem = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机内存")
  13.     HostDisk = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机磁盘")
  14.     HostSys = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="操作系统")
  15.     HostZone = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="区域")
  16.     DataTime = models.DateField(max_length=64,verbose_name="统计时间")
  17.     HostPeple = models.CharField(max_length=64, verbose_name="负责人")
  18.     HostStats = models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=STATUS_CHOICES,verbose_name="状态")
  19.  
  20.     def __str__(self):
  21.         return self.HostName
  22.     # 用于给本表指定一个别名
  23.     class Meta():
  24.         verbose_name = "Web前台集群"
  25.         verbose_name_plural= "Web前台集群"
  26.     # 自定义方法,主要负责给主机标注颜色
  27.     def Status(self):
  28.         if self.HostStats == 'd':
  29.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:green;color:white">正常</span>')
  30.         elif self.HostStats == 'p':
  31.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:yellow;color:black">警告</span>')
  32.         elif self.HostStats == 'w':
  33.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:red;color:white">损坏</span>')
  34.         return format_td
  35.     Status.short_description = "状态"

admin.py

  1. from django.contrib import admin
  2. from MyWeb.models import *
  3.  
  4. # 必须继承ModelAdmin基类,才可以调整参数,HostDB则是你的表的名称
  5. @admin.register(HostInfo)
  6. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  7.     admin.site.site_title="自动化后台管理"
  8.     admin.site.site_header = "Django 自动化运维"
  9.  
  10.     # list_display = 你需要或者想要展示在页面中的字段
  11.     list_display = ("HostName","HostAddr","HostModel","HostCPU","HostMem","HostDisk","HostSys","HostZone","DataTime","HostPeple","Status")
  12.     # search_fields = 添加搜索功能,并以HostName作为搜索条件
  13.     search_fields = ("HostName",)
  14.     # ordering = 设置以HostAddr作为排序条件
  15.     ordering = ("HostAddr",)
  16.     # list_per_page = 设置每页显示的字段数
  17.     list_per_page = 10

自定义页面功能

在templates中新建一个名称为lyshark.html的文件

  1. {% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
  2. {% load i18n static %}
  3. {% load static %}
  4. {% block title %}{{ site_title|default:_('Django site admin') }}{% endblock %}
  5.  
  6. {% block content %}
  7. 　<script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.1.1.min.js"></script>
  8.     <script>
  9.     $(".breadcrumbs").append("&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"/admin/\">仪表盘</a>");
  10.     $(".breadcrumbs").append("&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"/admin/\">主机监控</a>");
  11.     $(".breadcrumbs").append("&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"/admin/\">命令执行</a>");
  12.     $(".breadcrumbs").append("&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"/admin/\">图表绘制</a>");
  13.     $(".breadcrumbs").append("&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=\"/admin/\">批量CMD</a>");
  14.     </script>
  15.  
  16.     <form action="/lyshark/" method="post">
  17.        用户：<input type="text" value="text">
  18.         密码：<input type="text" value="text">
  19.         <input type="text" value="text">
  20.         <input type="text" value="text">
  21.  
  22.         <input type="submit" value="提交表单">
  23.     </form>
  24. {% endblock %}

接着在view.py中增加一条视图函数

  1. from django.shortcuts import render
  2. from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required
  3.  
  4. @login_required(login_url="/admin/login")
  5. def lyshark(request):
  6.     return render(request,"lyshark.html")

最后别忘了在urls.py里面添加映射记录.

  1. from MyWeb import views
  2.  
  3. urlpatterns = [
  4.     path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
  5.     path("lyshark/",views.lyshark)
  6. ]

上方添加了装饰器，函数，只有用户登陆后才可以访问到定制页面，如果没有登陆则提示需要登陆，这样更加灵活了。

添加各种标志

添加已过期标志: 判断当前时间是否与数据库时间一致,并显示过期状态.

  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4. @admin.register(HostDB)
  5. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  6.     list_display = ("id","date","Status")
  7.  
  8. # name: models.py
  9. from django.db import models
  10. from django.utils.html import format_html
  11. import datetime
  12.  
  13. class HostDB(models.Model):
  14.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  15.     date = models.CharField(max_length=64)
  16.     def Status(self):
  17.         NowData = datetime.date.today()
  18.         if self.date >= str(NowData):
  19.             ret = "未过期"
  20.             color = "green"
  21.             return format_html('<span style="color:{};">{}</span>',color,ret,)
  22.         else:
  23.             ret = "已过期"
  24.             color = "red"
  25.             return format_html('<span style="color:{};">{}</span>', color, ret,)
  26.     Status.short_description = "是否过期"

添加进度条展示 琢磨了一下，把进度条也堆上了。呵呵

  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4.  
  5. @admin.register(HostDB)
  6. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  7.     list_display = ("id","Count","Speed")
  8.  
  9. # name: models.py
  10. from django.db import models
  11. from django.utils.html import format_html
  12.  
  13. class HostDB(models.Model):
  14.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  15.     Count = models.IntegerField()
  16.  
  17.     def Speed(self):
  18.         return format_html('<progress max="100" value="{}"></progress>',self.Count)
  19.     Speed.short_description = "当前进度"

实现查看标签 添加一个查看标签

  1. def Check(self):
  2.         return format_html('<a href="/admin/MyWeb/hostdb/{}/change/">查看</a>',self.id)

增加自定义actions: 自定义Action标签,Action标签就是Admin页面中左上角的横线部分,我们自己增加新的.

  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4.  
  5. # 必须继承ModelAdmin基类,才可以调整参数,HostDB则是你的表的名称
  6. @admin.register(HostInfo)
  7. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  8.     admin.site.site_title="自动化后台管理"
  9.     admin.site.site_header = "Django 管理平台"
  10.     <省略部分...>
  11.     def func(self,request,queryset):
  12.         # 此处可以写一些执行动作
  13.         print(self,request,queryset)
  14.     func.short_description = "自定义active动作"
  15.     actions = [func,]
  16.     # Action选项都是在页面上方显示
  17.     actions_on_top = True
  18.     # Action选项都是在页面下方显示
  19.     actions_on_bottom = False
  20.     # 是否显示选择个数
  21.     actions_selection_counter = True

添加防火墙管理模块

  1. {% extends "admin/base_site.html" %}
  2. {% load i18n static %}
  3. {% block content %}
  4.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.lyshark.com/cdn/bootstrap3.css" />
  5.     <script src="https://cdn.lyshark.com/cdn/jquery.js"></script>
  6.  
  7.     <style>
  8.     #content {
  9.     padding: 10px 10px;
  10.     }
  11.     .panel-body {
  12.     padding: 10px;
  13.     }
  14.     </style>
  15.     <div class="panel panel-default">
  16.         <div class="panel-heading">
  17.             <h3 class="panel-title">防火墙配置模块</h3>
  18.         </div>
  19.     <div class="panel-body">
  20.          <div class="panel panel-default">
  21.                 <div class="panel-body">
  22.                     <div class="firewall-port-box">
  23.                         <input type="text" class="bt-input-text mr5" style="width: 200px;" id="SourceAddr" placeholder="源地址">
  24.                         <input type="text" class="bt-input-text mr5" id="Remarks" placeholder="备注/说明">
  25.                         <select id="firewalldType" class="bt-input-text c5 mr5" name="type" style="width:80px;">
  26.                             <option value="accept">放行IP</option>
  27.                             <option value="drop">屏蔽IP</option>
  28.                         </select>
  29.                         <button id="toAccept" class="btn btn-default btn-sm" type="button">提交更改</button>
  30. 					</div>
  31.                 </div>
  32.             </div>
  33.  
  34.     <div class="panel panel-default">
  35.         <div class="panel-body">
  36.             <table class="table table-hover">
  37.                 <thead>
  38.                     <tr>
  39.                         <th>编号</th>
  40.                         <th>IP地址</th>
  41.                         <th>动作</th>
  42.                         <th>添加时间</th>
  43.                         <th>备注</th>
  44.                         <th>操作</th>
  45.                     </tr>
  46.                 </thead>
  47.                 <tbody>
  48.                     {% for item in data %}
  49.                         <tr>
  50.                         <td> {{ item.id }}</td>
  51.                         <td> {{ item.SourceAddr }}</td>
  52.                         <td> {{ item.Action }}</td>
  53.                         <td> {{ item.DataTime }}</td>
  54.                         <td> {{ item.Remarks }}</td>
  55.                         <td><a href="index.html">删除</a></td>
  56.                         </tr>
  57.                     {% endfor %}
  58.                 </tbody>
  59.             </table>
  60.         </div>
  61.     </div>
  62.    </div>
  63. </div>
  64.     <script>
  65.     $(document).ready(function(){
  66.         $("#toAccept").click(function(){
  67.             var message = {"type":null,"SourceAddr":null,"Remarks":null};
  68.             message['type'] = $("#firewalldType option:selected").val();
  69.             message['SourceAddr'] = $("#SourceAddr").val();
  70.             message['Remarks'] = $("#Remarks").val();
  71.             data = JSON.stringify(message);
  72.             $.ajax({
  73.                 url:"/echo/",
  74.                 type:"POST",
  75.                 dataType:"json",
  76.                 data:data,
  77.                 success:function () {
  78.                     window.location.reload();
  79.                 }
  80.             });
  81.         });
  82.     });
  83.     </script>
  84. {% endblock %}
  1. from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse
  2. from MyWeb import models
  3. import paramiko,time,json
  4.  
  5. ssh = paramiko.SSHClient()
  6. ssh.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
  7.  
  8. def ssh_shell(address,username,password,port,command):
  9.     try:
  10.         ssh.connect(address,port=port,username=username,password=password,timeout=1)
  11.         stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
  12.         result = stdout.read()
  13.         if not result:
  14.             result=stderr.read()
  15.         ssh.close()
  16.         return result.decode()
  17.     except Exception:
  18.         return 0
  19.     
  20. def echo(request):
  21.     if request.method == "GET":
  22.         obj = models.FireWallDB.objects.all()
  23.         print(obj)
  24.         return render(request,"index.html",{"data":obj})
  25.     else:
  26.         recv = json.loads(request.body.decode("utf-8"))
  27.         addr = recv.get("SourceAddr")
  28.         remak = recv.get("Remarks")
  29.  
  30.         if recv.get("type") == "accept":
  31.             cmd = 'firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule \'rule family=ipv4 source address="{}" accept\''.format(addr)
  32.             count = models.FireWallDB.objects.filter(SourceAddr=addr).count()
  33.             if count <2:
  34.                 retn = ssh_shell("192.168.1.20","root","123","22",cmd)
  35.                 if retn !=0:
  36.                         obj = models.FireWallDB()
  37.                         obj.SourceAddr = addr
  38.                         obj.Action = "放行"
  39.                         obj.DataTime = str(time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S',time.localtime(time.time())))
  40.                         obj.Remarks = remak
  41.                         obj.SourceCMD = cmd
  42.                         obj.save()
  43.                         print("ok")
  44.             elif recv.get("type") == "drop":
  45.                 cmd = 'firewall-cmd --add-rich-rule \'rule family=ipv4 source address="{}" drop\''.format(addr)
  46.                 print(cmd)
  47.         else:
  48.             print("最多两个")
  49.         return HttpResponse("ok")
  50.     return render(request,"index.html")
  1. from django.db import models
  2.  
  3. class FireWallDB(models.Model):
  4.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  5.     SourceAddr = models.CharField(max_length=64)
  6.     Action = models.CharField(max_length=64)
  7.     DataTime = models.CharField(max_length=64)
  8.     Remarks = models.CharField(max_length=64)
  9.     SourceCMD = models.CharField(max_length=512)

简单的Admin定制: 简单的过滤器使用技巧.

  1. # name: settings.py
  2. LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
  3. TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
  4.  
  5. # name: apps.py
  6. from django.apps import AppConfig
  7. class MywebConfig(AppConfig):
  8.     name = 'MyWeb'
  9.     verbose_name = "服务器集群"
  10.  
  11. # name: 最后别忘了建库建表
  12. python manage.py makemigrations
  13. python manage.py migrate
  14. python manage.py createsuperuser
  1. # name: models.py
  2. from django.db import models
  3. from django.utils.html import format_html
  4.  
  5. STATUS_CHOICES = (('d', '正常'),('p', '警告'),('w', '损坏'),)
  6.  
  7. class HostInfo(models.Model):
  8.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  9.     HostName = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机名")
  10.     HostAddr = models.CharField(max_length=64,verbose_name="主机IP")
  11.     DataTime = models.DateField(max_length=64,verbose_name="统计时间")
  12.     HostStats = models.CharField(max_length=1,choices=STATUS_CHOICES,verbose_name="状态")
  13.  
  14.     def __str__(self):
  15.         return self.HostName
  16.     # 用于给本表指定别名,这样前端就不是英文的了
  17.     class Meta():
  18.         verbose_name = "Web前台集群"
  19.         verbose_name_plural= "Web前台集群"
  20.     # 自定义方法,主要负责给主机标注颜色
  21.     def Status(self):
  22.         if self.HostStats == 'd':
  23.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:green;color:white">正常</span>')
  24.         elif self.HostStats == 'p':
  25.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:yellow;color:black">警告</span>')
  26.         elif self.HostStats == 'w':
  27.             format_td = format_html('<span style="padding:2px;background-color:red;color:white">损坏</span>')
  28.         return format_td
  29.     Status.short_description = "状态"
  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4.  
  5. # 必须继承ModelAdmin基类,才可以调整参数,HostDB则是你的表的名称
  6. @admin.register(HostInfo)
  7. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  8.     admin.site.site_title="自动化后台管理"
  9.     admin.site.site_header = "Django 管理平台"
  10.     # list_display = 你需要或者想要展示在页面中的字段
  11.     list_display = ("HostName","HostAddr","DataTime","Status")
  12.     # search_fields = 添加搜索功能,并以HostName,HostAddr作为搜索条件
  13.     search_fields = ("HostName","HostAddr",)
  14.     # ordering = 设置以id号作为排序条件
  15.     ordering = ("id",)
  16.     # list_per_page = 设置每页显示数据条数
  17.     list_per_page = 10
  18.     # list_filter = 设置一个过滤器,此处是以hostname作为过滤条件
  19.     list_filter = ("HostName",)
  20.     #list_editable = 设置默认可编辑字段
  21.     list_editable = ("DataTime",)
  22.     # date_hierarchy = 显示详细时间分层筛选
  23.     date_hierarchy = 'DataTime'
  24.     # readonly_fields = 可以设置只读字段,就是无法修改的字段
  25.     readonly_fields = ("HostAddr",)
  26.     # list_display_links 指定点击HostAddr进入编辑状态
  27.     list_display_links = ("HostAddr",)

添加已过期标志: 通过取出当前时间与数据库中现有时间对比,来实现是否过期.

  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4. @admin.register(HostDB)
  5. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  6.     list_display = ("id","date","Status")
  7.  
  8. # name: models.py
  9. from django.db import models
  10. from django.utils.html import format_html
  11. import datetime
  12.  
  13. class HostDB(models.Model):
  14.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  15.     date = models.CharField(max_length=64)
  16.     def Status(self):
  17.         NowData = datetime.date.today()
  18.         if self.date >= str(NowData):
  19.             ret = "未过期"
  20.             color = "green"
  21.             return format_html('<span style="color:{};">{}</span>',color,ret,)
  22.         else:
  23.             ret = "已过期"
  24.             color = "red"
  25.             return format_html('<span style="color:{};">{}</span>', color, ret,)
  26.     Status.short_description = "是否过期"

添加进度条展示: HTML5默认支持进度条标签,使用progress我们直接使用这个标签就好了.

  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4.  
  5. @admin.register(HostDB)
  6. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  7.     list_display = ("id","Count","Speed")
  8.  
  9. # name: models.py
  10. from django.db import models
  11. from django.utils.html import format_html
  12.  
  13. class HostDB(models.Model):
  14.     id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
  15.     Count = models.IntegerField()
  16.  
  17.     def Speed(self):
  18.         return format_html('<progress max="100" value="{}"></progress>',self.Count)
  19.     Speed.short_description = "当前进度"

增加自定义actions: 自定义Action标签,Action标签就是Admin页面中左上角的横线部分,我们自己增加新的.

  1. # name: admin.py
  2. from django.contrib import admin
  3. from MyWeb.models import *
  4.  
  5. # 必须继承ModelAdmin基类,才可以调整参数,HostDB则是你的表的名称
  6. @admin.register(HostInfo)
  7. class MyAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
  8.     admin.site.site_title="自动化后台管理"
  9.     admin.site.site_header = "Django 管理平台"
  10.     <省略部分...>
  11.     def func(self,request,queryset):
  12.         # 此处可以写一些执行动作
  13.         print(self,request,queryset)
  14.     func.short_description = "自定义active动作"
  15.     actions = [func,]
  16.     # Action选项都是在页面上方显示
  17.     actions_on_top = True
  18.     # Action选项都是在页面下方显示
  19.     actions_on_bottom = False
  20.     # 是否显示选择个数
  21.     actions_selection_counter = True
声明：本文内容由网友自发贡献，不代表【wpsshop博客】立场，版权归原作者所有，本站不承担相应法律责任。如您发现有侵权的内容，请联系我们。转载请注明出处：https://www.wpsshop.cn/w/小小林熬夜学编程/article/detail/521447
推荐阅读
相关标签

Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有，并保留所有权利。

  

闽ICP备14008679号