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WPF之文档与RichTextBox

作者：小小林熬夜学编程 | 2024-05-23 15:11:52

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WPF之文档与RichTextBox

1，文档分类：

        文档分为流文档（FlowDocument，布局可变）与固定文档（xps，pdf等布局不可变）。

        注明：流内容元素继承自ContentElement和FrameworkContenteElement而非常用的UIElement和FrameworkElement

2，文档容器：

流文档（FlowDocument）容器（只读，共三个）。

  •  FlowDocumentScrollViews：不能分页也不能分列显示。

        示例：

  1.  <FlowDocumentScrollViewer IsSelectionEnabled="False">
  2.             <FlowDocument Background="SkyBlue">
  3.                ....
  4.             </FlowDocument>
  5.         </FlowDocumentScrollViewer>

        效果：

  • FlowDocumentPageViews：可进行分页和分列显示。

        示例

  1.  <FlowDocumentPageViewer >
  2.             <FlowDocument ColumnWidth="200" IsColumnWidthFlexible="True" ColumnRuleBrush="SkyBlue" ColumnRuleWidth="2" ColumnGap="30" >
  3.                 <Paragraph>
  4.                     　　The sixth of August was my mothers birthday.My father and I wanted to give her surprising birthday presents.On their mothersbirthday,I know some of my classmates are going to help their mothers with housework;others are going to the shop and buy some flowers for their mothers.
  5.                 </Paragraph>
  6.                 <Paragraph>
  7.                     　　In the morning,my father and I went shopping and bought a very nice cake.Then we went to the market and bought some food.When we got home,my father cooked some nice food in the kitchen.I went to my room to make a birthday card.I wanted to say to my mother that I loved her very much.Then I wrote in the card,"I love you,my dear mother!"I put it on her pillow,then we cleaned the room.We felt very tired,but we were very happy.
  8.                 </Paragraph>
  9.                 <Paragraph>
  10.                     　　My mother got home.We said,"Happy Birthday!"My mother smiled.We had our supper together.My mother said,"Thank you,my daughter!"
  11.                 </Paragraph>
  12.                 <Paragraph>
  13.                     　How happy we were!
  14.                 </Paragraph>
  15.                 <Paragraph>
  16.                    
  17.                         <Image Source="Img/1.jpg"></Image>
  18.                   
  19.                 </Paragraph>
  20.             </FlowDocument>
  21.         </FlowDocumentPageViewer>

         效果：

  •  FlowDocumentReader：可进行分页和分列显示，同时增加了查找功能，是三个中开销最大的容器。

固定文档容器：

        显示格式内容已固定的文档（例如xps文档），一般用于文档预览呈现。

        注明：XPS文件实际上是包含压缩文件库的ZIP文件，包含字体，图像以及用于每一页的文本内容，可将XPS的扩展名修改为.zip并打开它。

        示例：

 <DocumentViewer  x:Name="viewer"></DocumentViewer>  
  1.   public PreView(IDocumentPaginatorSource paginator)
  2.         {
  3.             InitializeComponent();
  4.             viewer.Document = paginator;
  5.         }

        效果：

 3，流文档的相关元素与主要属性：

元素类型。

        块级元素：Paragraph,List，Table ,Section,BlockUIContainer。

        内联级元素：Run，Span， Hyperlink，InlineUIContainer，Floater等。

主要属性：

        FlowDocumentScrollView.IsSelectionEnable=false，禁用文本选择。

        Paragraph.TextIndent设置缩进

        List.MarkerStyle:项目符号

        FlowDocument.IsOptimalParagraphEnabled="True" :使用最佳段落布局，默认为False

        FlowDocument.IsHyphenationEnabled="True":自动进行断字并添加连接符，默认为False

        FlowDocument.IsToolbarVisible：缩放滑动条是否显示。

        FlowDocument.ColumnWidth:设置值可实现分页。

        FlowDocument.ColumnRuleBrush, FlowDocument.ColumnRuleWidth="2":分列线，分列线宽度

        FlowDocument.ColumnGap:列与列之间空白宽度。

        示例：

  1.  <Grid>
  2.         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
  3.             <RowDefinition Height="293*"/>
  4.             <RowDefinition Height="27*"/>
  5.         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
  6.         <FlowDocumentScrollViewer IsSelectionEnabled="False">
  7.             <FlowDocument Background="SkyBlue">
  8.                 <Paragraph x:Name="para01" TextIndent="32">明月几时有</Paragraph>
  9.                 <Paragraph>把酒问青天</Paragraph>
  10.                 <Paragraph >
  11.                     <Run>Top Programming languages: </Run></Paragraph>
  12.                 <List MarkerOffset="4" MarkerStyle="LowerRoman">
  13.                     <ListItem>
  14.                         <Paragraph >C#</Paragraph>
  15.                         <Paragraph>VB.Net</Paragraph>
  16.                     </ListItem>
  17.                     <ListItem>
  18.                         <Paragraph>JavaScript</Paragraph>
  19.                     </ListItem>
  20.                 </List>
  21.                 <Table BorderBrush="White" BorderThickness="2">
  22.                     <Table.Columns>
  23.                         <TableColumn Width="*"></TableColumn>
  24.                         <TableColumn Width="*"></TableColumn>
  25.                         <TableColumn Width="3*"></TableColumn>
  26.                     </Table.Columns>
  27.                     <TableRowGroup >
  28.                         <TableRow Paragraph.TextAlignment="Center" FontWeight="Bold"  >
  29.                             <!--TableCell的内容为块-->
  30.                             <TableCell BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1">
  31.                                 <Paragraph>Rank</Paragraph>
  32.                             </TableCell>
  33.                             <TableCell BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1">
  34.                                 <Paragraph>Name</Paragraph>
  35.                             </TableCell>
  36.                             <TableCell BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1" >
  37.                                 <Paragraph>Population</Paragraph>
  38.                             </TableCell>
  39.                         </TableRow>
  40.                         <TableRow Paragraph.TextAlignment="Center">
  41.                             <TableCell>
  42.                                 <Paragraph>1</Paragraph>
  43.                             </TableCell>
  44.                             <TableCell>
  45.                                 <Paragraph>Rome</Paragraph>
  46.                             </TableCell>
  47.                             <TableCell>
  48.                                 <Paragraph>45000</Paragraph>
  49.                             </TableCell>
  50.                         </TableRow>
  51.                         <TableRow Paragraph.TextAlignment="Center">
  52.                             <TableCell>
  53.                                 <Paragraph>1</Paragraph>
  54.                             </TableCell>
  55.                             <TableCell ColumnSpan="2" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="1">
  56.                                 <Paragraph>Rome</Paragraph>
  57.                             </TableCell>
  58.                             
  59.                         </TableRow>
  60.                     </TableRowGroup>
  61.                 </Table>
  62.                 <Section Background="AliceBlue" >
  63.                     <Paragraph  xml:space="preserve">   雪山    飞狐</Paragraph>
  64.                     <Paragraph >连城诀</Paragraph>
  65.                     <List MarkerStyle="LowerLatin">
  66.                         <List.ListItems>
  67.                             <ListItem>
  68.                                 <Paragraph>天龙八部</Paragraph>
  69.                             </ListItem>
  70.                             <ListItem>
  71.                                 <Paragraph>射雕英雄传</Paragraph>
  72.                             </ListItem>
  73.                         </List.ListItems>
  74.                     </List>
  75.                     
  76.                     
  77.                 </Section>
  78.             </FlowDocument>
  79.         </FlowDocumentScrollViewer>
  80.         
  81.     </Grid>

        效果：

        注明：

        可以直接在paragraph内直接添加文本，它会隐式创建Run元素并用其包裹文本。

        例如：

  1. <Paragraph TextIndent="32">
  2.                     These are the release
  3.                     <Span Tag="Plural Noun">donkeys</Span>
  4.                     for
  5.                     <Span Tag="Proper Noun">New York</Span>
  6.                     version 1.2.3
  7.                 </Paragraph>

        自动隐式转换为：

  1. <Paragraph TextIndent="32">
  2.                     <Run>These are the release</Run> 
  3.                     <Span Tag="Plural Noun">donkeys</Span>
  4.                     <Run>for</Run>  
  5.                     <Span Tag="Proper Noun">New York</Span>
  6.                     <Run>version 1.2.3</Run>   
  7.                 </Paragraph>

        在流文档Paragraph中多个空格（包括tab）默认情况下被压缩为单个空格（遵守XML规则）。

        文本格式的设置可通过Paragraph的附加属性完成。

        ListItem：内容为块级元素

        TableCell：内容为块级元素

4，使用RichTextBox控件编辑流文档：

        RichTextBox可读取rft扩展名的文档（word支持导出rtf）

        RichTextBox.Document :RichTextBox的文档类型为FlowDocument。

        RichTextBox的document为FlowDocument，所以可以在RichTextBox内的BlockUIContainer中添加UIElement，但是添加的UIElement处于DisEnable，可以通RichTextBox.IsDocumentEnabled=true使其响应。

        示例：

  1.  <Grid>
  2.         <Grid.RowDefinitions>
  3.             <RowDefinition Height="71*"/>
  4.             <RowDefinition Height="9*"/>
  5.         </Grid.RowDefinitions>
  6.         <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
  7.             <ColumnDefinition Width="244*"/>
  8.             <ColumnDefinition Width="273*"/>
  9.             <ColumnDefinition Width="273*"/>
  10.         </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
  11.         <RichTextBox x:Name="richRB01" BorderBrush="SkyBlue" BorderThickness="1" Margin="5" VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Visible">
  12.             
  13.         </RichTextBox>
  14.         <Button x:Name="btnRead" Grid.Row="1" Click="btnRead_Click">Read Rtf Document</Button>
  15.         <ScrollViewer Grid.Column="1">
  16.             <TextBlock  x:Name="txtblock01" ScrollViewer.HorizontalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" ScrollViewer.VerticalScrollBarVisibility="Visible" TextWrapping="Wrap" Background="AliceBlue" Margin="5"></TextBlock>
  17.         </ScrollViewer>
  18.         <ScrollViewer Grid.Column="2" >
  19.             <TextBlock x:Name="txtblock02" TextWrapping="Wrap" Background="AliceBlue" Margin="5"></TextBlock>
  20.         </ScrollViewer>
  21.        
  22.     </Grid>
  1. private void btnRead_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  2.         {
  3.             OpenFileDialog ofd = new OpenFileDialog();
  4.             ofd.Filter = "Rft文件|*.rtf";
  5.             if(ofd.ShowDialog()== true)
  6.             {
  7.                 TextRange range = new TextRange(richRB01.Document.ContentStart, richRB01.Document.ContentEnd);
  8.                 using (FileStream fs =new FileStream(ofd.FileName,FileMode.Open))
  9.                 {
  10.                     range.Load(fs, DataFormats.Rtf);
  11.                 }
  12.                 //将RichtextBox中的document转为Xaml
  13.                 TextRange range2 = new TextRange(richRB01.Document.ContentStart, richRB01.Document.ContentEnd);
  14.                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
  15.                 using (MemoryStream ms=new MemoryStream())
  16.                 {
  17.                     range2.Save(ms, DataFormats.Xaml);
  18.                     ms.Seek(0, SeekOrigin.Begin);
  19.                     using (TextReader tr=new StreamReader(ms))
  20.                     {
  21.                         txtblock01.Text = tr.ReadToEnd();
  22.                        
  23.                     }
  24.                 }
  25.                 //序列化对象
  26.                
  27.                 using (XmlWriter xw=XmlWriter.Create(sb,new XmlWriterSettings { Indent = true }) )
  28.                 {
  29.                     XamlWriter.Save(richRB01.Document,xw);
  30.                 }
  31.                 txtblock02.Text = sb.ToString();
  32.             }
  33.         }

        效果：

5，不可变更布局的固定文档（可用于打印预览）。

        固定文档有Pdf与微软的xps等，以下以xps文档为例：

        通过只读容器DocumentViewer容器展现xps文件。

  1. <Grid>
  2.         <DocumentViewer x:Name="viewer01"></DocumentViewer>
  3.     </Grid>
  1. //添加程序集：ReachFrameWork
  2. using System.Windows.Xps.Packaging;
  3.  public partial class MainWindow : Window
  4.     {
  5.         public MainWindow()
  6.         {
  7.             InitializeComponent();
  8.             XpsDocument document = new XpsDocument("../../1.xps", System.IO.FileAccess.ReadWrite);
  9.             viewer01.Document = document.GetFixedDocumentSequence();
  10.         }
  11.     }

        效果：

        注明：

        DocumentViewer.Document:类型为IDocumentPaginatorSource，虽然FlowDocument实现IDocumentPaginatorSource，但是DocumentViewer 仅支持 FixedDocument 或 FixedDocumentSequence 文档。

        DocumentViewer如何用于打印预览，参考下一章。

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