SpringBoot个人博客项目（1）

基于SpringBoot开发的个人博客项目

– 项目背景–

项目原型为李仁密老师的小而美的个人博客作品，视频中所采用的持久层ORM框架为JPA，这里我将其改成了mybatis
项目原型地址.

– 技术选型 –

项目总体为前后端整合型开发
前端： JQuery、semanticUI、thymeleaf 等
后端： SSM、SpringBoot 、MySQL 等

– 项目搭建 –

【前端部分】

前端部分就跟着李仁密老师的B站视频 P1 - P19 从头至尾敲了下来，框架选用了semanticUI，其中集成了很多插件。如：markdown编辑器、代码高亮、二维码生成、滚动侦测、平滑滚动、生成目录、中文排版、animate过渡动画等，由于本人专注于后端，前端部分就不多做赘述了。

【后端部分】

• 框架搭建

• 创建一个SpringBoot项目
  删除多余文件夹及文件，等待项目加载完毕。
  添加相关依赖 pom.xml

    <!--依赖-->
    <dependencies>
        <!--thymeleaf模板引擎-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--web启动器-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--mybatis整合springboot-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--热部署-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
        <!--mysql驱动-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <optional>true</optional>
        </dependency>
         <!-- AOP 织入包-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.8.13</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                <configuration>
                    <excludes>
                        <exclude>
                            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
                            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
                        </exclude>
                    </excludes>
                </configuration>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
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• 添加配置文件
  总配置文件、开发环境、生产环境
  
  • 总配置文件

  spring:
  	thymeleaf:
  		cache: false
  		mode: HTML
  	profiles:
  		active: dev
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  • 开发环境配置文件

  server:
  	 port: 8080
  spring:
  	datasource:
     		username: root
  		password: root
  		url: https://jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/blog?&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
  		driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  
  mybatis:
  	type-aliases-package: com.yy.blog.pojo
  	mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
  
  logging:
  	level:
  		root: info
  		com.yy: debug
  	file:
  		name: log/blog-dev.log
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  • 生产环境配置文件

  	server:
  	 port: 8081
  spring:
  	datasource:
     		username: root
  		password: root
  		url: https://jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/blog?&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=UTC
  		driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
  
  mybatis:
  	type-aliases-package: com.yy.blog.pojo
  	mapper-locations: classpath:mybatis/mapper/*.xml
  
  logging:
  	level:
  		root: warn
  		com.yy: info
  	file:
  		name: log/blog-pro.log
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• 异常处理
  当出现错误时，应做异常的处理。如404页面、500页面、以及错误页面的定制。
  在resources/templates目录下建立error文件夹，SpringBoot在出现访问异常时，会自动查找error目录下的HTML文件，并跳转到相应的错误页面。
  
  注意：异常页面的命名一定要为404、500等，否则springboot会找不到
  • 404 页面定制

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>404 Not Found</title>
    <style>
        body {
            background: #000;
            height: 100vh;
            overflow: hidden;
            display: flex;
            font-family: 'Anton', sans-serif;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            -webkit-perspective: 1000px;
            perspective: 1000px;
        }

        div {
            -webkit-transform-style: preserve-3d;
            transform-style: preserve-3d;
        }

        .rail {
            position: absolute;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(-30deg) rotateY(-30deg);
            transform: rotateX(-30deg) rotateY(-30deg);
        }
        .rail .stamp {
            position: absolute;
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            background: #141414;
            color: #fff;
            font-size: 7rem;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(1) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -2300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -2300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(2) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -4300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -4300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(3) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -6300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -6300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(4) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -8300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -8300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(5) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -10300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -10300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(6) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -12300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -12300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(7) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -14300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -14300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(8) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -16300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -16300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(9) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -18300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -18300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(10) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -20300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -20300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(11) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -22300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -22300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(12) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -24300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -24300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(13) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -26300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -26300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(14) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -28300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -28300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(15) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -30300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -30300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(16) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -32300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -32300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(17) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -34300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -34300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(18) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -36300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -36300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(19) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -38300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -38300ms linear infinite;
        }
        .rail .stamp:nth-child(20) {
            -webkit-animation: stampSlide 40000ms -40300ms linear infinite;
            animation: stampSlide 40000ms -40300ms linear infinite;
        }

        @-webkit-keyframes stampSlide {
            0% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(130px);
                transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(130px);
            }
            100% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(-3870px);
                transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(-3870px);
            }
        }

        @keyframes stampSlide {
            0% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(130px);
                transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(130px);
            }
            100% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(-3870px);
                transform: rotateX(90deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-200px) translateY(-3870px);
            }
        }
        .world {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(-30deg) rotateY(-30deg);
            transform: rotateX(-30deg) rotateY(-30deg);
        }
        .world .forward {
            position: absolute;
            -webkit-animation: slide 2000ms linear infinite;
            animation: slide 2000ms linear infinite;
        }
        .world .box {
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            -webkit-transform-origin: 100% 100%;
            transform-origin: 100% 100%;
            -webkit-animation: roll 2000ms cubic-bezier(1, 0.01, 1, 1) infinite;
            animation: roll 2000ms cubic-bezier(1, 0.01, 1, 1) infinite;
        }
        .world .box .wall {
            position: absolute;
            width: 200px;
            height: 200px;
            background: rgba(10, 10, 10, 0.8);
            border: 1px solid #fafafa;
            box-sizing: border-box;
        }
        .world .box .wall::before {
            content: '';
            position: absolute;
            width: 100%;
            height: 100%;
            display: flex;
            justify-content: center;
            align-items: center;
            color: #fff;
            font-size: 7rem;
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(1) {
            -webkit-transform: translateZ(100px);
            transform: translateZ(100px);
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(2) {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(180deg) translateZ(100px);
            transform: rotateX(180deg) translateZ(100px);
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(3) {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(100px);
            transform: rotateX(90deg) translateZ(100px);
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(3)::before {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(180deg) rotateZ(90deg) translateZ(-1px);
            transform: rotateX(180deg) rotateZ(90deg) translateZ(-1px);
            -webkit-animation: zeroFour 4000ms -2000ms linear infinite;
            animation: zeroFour 4000ms -2000ms linear infinite;
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(4) {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(100px);
            transform: rotateX(-90deg) translateZ(100px);
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(4)::before {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(180deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-1px);
            transform: rotateX(180deg) rotateZ(-90deg) translateZ(-1px);
            -webkit-animation: zeroFour 4000ms -2000ms linear infinite;
            animation: zeroFour 4000ms -2000ms linear infinite;
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(5) {
            -webkit-transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(100px);
            transform: rotateY(90deg) translateZ(100px);
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(5)::before {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(180deg) translateZ(-1px);
            transform: rotateX(180deg) translateZ(-1px);
            -webkit-animation: zeroFour 4000ms linear infinite;
            animation: zeroFour 4000ms linear infinite;
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(6) {
            -webkit-transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(100px);
            transform: rotateY(-90deg) translateZ(100px);
        }
        .world .box .wall:nth-child(6)::before {
            -webkit-transform: rotateX(180deg) rotateZ(180deg) translateZ(-1px);
            transform: rotateX(180deg) rotateZ(180deg) translateZ(-1px);
            -webkit-animation: zeroFour 4000ms linear infinite;
            animation: zeroFour 4000ms linear infinite;
        }

        @-webkit-keyframes zeroFour {
            0% {
                content: '4';
            }
            100% {
                content: '0';
            }
        }

        @keyframes zeroFour {
            0% {
                content: '4';
            }
            100% {
                content: '0';
            }
        }
        @-webkit-keyframes roll {
            0% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(0deg);
                transform: rotateZ(0deg);
            }
            85% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(90deg);
                transform: rotateZ(90deg);
            }
            87% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(88deg);
                transform: rotateZ(88deg);
            }
            90% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(90deg);
                transform: rotateZ(90deg);
            }
            100% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(90deg);
                transform: rotateZ(90deg);
            }
        }
        @keyframes roll {
            0% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(0deg);
                transform: rotateZ(0deg);
            }
            85% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(90deg);
                transform: rotateZ(90deg);
            }
            87% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(88deg);
                transform: rotateZ(88deg);
            }
            90% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(90deg);
                transform: rotateZ(90deg);
            }
            100% {
                -webkit-transform: rotateZ(90deg);
                transform: rotateZ(90deg);
            }
        }
        @-webkit-keyframes slide {
            0% {
                -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
                transform: translateX(0);
            }
            100% {
                -webkit-transform: translateX(-200px);
                transform: translateX(-200px);
            }
        }
        @keyframes slide {
            0% {
                -webkit-transform: translateX(0);
                transform: translateX(0);
            }
            100% {
                -webkit-transform: translateX(-200px);
                transform: translateX(-200px);
            }
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="rail">
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
    <div class="stamp four">4</div>
    <div class="stamp zero">0</div>
</div>
<div class="world">
    <div class="forward">
        <div class="box">
            <div class="wall"></div>
            <div class="wall"></div>
            <div class="wall"></div>
            <div class="wall"></div>
            <div class="wall"></div>
            <div class="wall"></div>
        </div>
    </div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
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• 500 页面定制
  同上，修改一下即可

• 全局异常类的处理 ControllerExceptionInterceptor
  核心注解：
  @ControllerAdvice
  @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)

@ControllerAdvice ：是Spring 3.2 提供的新注解，它是一个Controller增强器,可对controller中被 @RequestMapping注解的方法加一些逻辑处理。最常用的就是异常处理。

package com.yy.blog.interceptor;

import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.core.annotation.AnnotationUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

//会拦截所有带 @Controller 的控制器 做异常处理
@ControllerAdvice
public class ControllerExceptionInterceptor {

    private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());

    //标识这个方法可以做异常处理 ， 拦截掉所有Exception
    @ExceptionHandler(Exception.class)
    public ModelAndView exceptionHandler(HttpServletRequest request,Exception e) throws Exception {
        //记录日志信息
        logger.error("Request URL : {},Exception : {}",request.getRequestURL(),e);
        /*对标识了 @ResponseStatus() 的异常 单独做处理！
        * 不会返回到error,而是交给springboot自己来处理，去404
        * */
        if(AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(e.getClass(),ResponseStatus.class) != null){
            throw e;
        }
        ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();
        mv.addObject("url",request.getRequestURL());
        mv.addObject("exception",e);
        mv.setViewName("error/error");
        return mv;
    }
}

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在这个异常处理类中，当在请求controller时发生异常时，会自动调用exceptionHandler方法对异常做处理，处理方式为：创建一个ModelAndView ，携带获取请求的URL和Exception，设置视图名称跳转到error页面并返回。

其中对自定义的异常作了单独处理，当抛出的异常为这个自定义异常时，不会做此异常处理，而是正常抛出，让SpringBoot来处理。

if(AnnotationUtils.findAnnotation(e.getClass(),ResponseStatus.class) != null){
     throw e;
}
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• error页面

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <title>错误</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>错误</h1>

    <!--在控制台打印异常信息-->
    <div>
        <div th:utext="'&lt;!--'" th:remove="tag"></div>
        <div th:utext="'Failed Request URL : ' + ${url}" th:remove="tag"></div>
        <div th:utext="'Exception Message : ' + ${exception.message}" th:remove="tag"></div>
        <ul th:remove="tag">
            <li th:each="st : ${exception.stackTrace}" th:remove="tag">
                <span th:utext="${st}" th:remove="tag"></span>
            </li>
        </ul>
        <div th:utext="'--&gt;'" th:remove="tag"></div>
    </div>

</body>
</html>
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error页面会使用thymeleaf ，获取到异常处理后传过来的请求URL以及Exception并显示在浏览器源代码里

• 自定义异常NotFoundException
  一定要用@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)注解标识该异常，才能被上面异常处理扫描到。

package com.yy.blog.exception;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseStatus;

//所有抛出该异常都状态标识为 NOT_FOUND
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
public class NotFoundException extends RuntimeException{

    public NotFoundException() {
    }
    public NotFoundException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }

    public NotFoundException(String message, Throwable cause) {
        super(message, cause);
    }
}
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• 异常测试
  异常处理到这就完成了，写一个controller来测试一下，当出现异常时，是否会根据上面做的异常处理来操作。

【当正常抛出异常时】

@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        int i = 1 / 0;
        return "index";
    }
}
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测试结果：携带URL和Exception跳转到error页面，并将错误信息输出在浏览器源代码中

【当抛出自定义异常时】

@Controller
public class IndexController {

    @GetMapping("/")
    public String index(){
        String blog = null;
        //如果查询出来的博客为空，则抛出自定义异常！
        if (blog == null){
            throw new NotFoundException("博客不存在！");
        }
        return "index";
    }
}
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测试结果：当抛出自定义异常时，正常抛出，不做异常处理，跳转到 404

• 日志处理
  在我们发出一次请求时，我们想记录一下请求者的ip地址、请求的URL、请求的哪个方法、请求的参数是什么，这时候该如何做呢？
  这里采用了 Spring aop 的方式，以controller包里所有的类的所有方法作为切面，当请求经过每个controller时，都会将上述内容记录下来并生成日志。
  具体实现：
  • 引入 aspectjweaver 织入包

  <!-- AOP 织入包-->
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
          <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
          <version>1.8.13</version>
      </dependency>
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  • 编写日志切面类

  package com.yy.blog.aspect;
  
  import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;
  import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.*;
  import org.slf4j.Logger;
  import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
  import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
  import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;
  import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
  import java.util.Arrays;
  
  @Aspect
  @Component
  public class LogAspect {
  
      private final Logger logger  = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass());
  
      //定义切面，log()可以理解为切面的名称
      @Pointcut("execution(* com.yy.blog.controller.*.*(..))")
      public void log(){}
  
      @Before("log()")
      public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint){
          //获取请求的URL
          ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
          HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
          String url = request.getRequestURL().toString();
          //获取请求的ip地址
          String ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
          //获取请求的方法
          String classMethod = joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName() + "." + joinPoint.getSignature().getName();
          //获取请求的参数列表
          Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();
          RequestLog requestLog = new RequestLog(url,ip,classMethod,args);
          logger.info("Request ; {}",requestLog);
      }
  
      @After("log()")
      public void doAfter(){
  //        logger.info("---------------doAfter()-----------------");
      }
  
      @AfterReturning(returning = "result",pointcut = "log()")
      public void doAfterReturn(Object result){
          logger.info("Result : {}", result);
      }
  
      private class RequestLog{
          private String url;
          private String ip;
          private String classMethod;
          private Object[] args;
  
          public RequestLog(String url, String ip, String classMethod, Object[] args) {
              this.url = url;
              this.ip = ip;
              this.classMethod = classMethod;
              this.args = args;
          }
  
          @Override
          public String toString() {
              return  "\n请求的URL = '" + url + '\'' + '\n' +
                      "请求者的ip地址 = '" + ip + '\'' + '\n' +
                      "请求的方法 = '" + classMethod + '\'' + '\n' +
                      "请求的参数 = '" + Arrays.toString(args);
          }
      }
  }
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  • 测试请求

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