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分布式事务-seata AT模式-强一致性_seata 强一致性

作者：小桥流水78 | 2024-07-20 21:32:08

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seata 强一致性

1.seata原理

    Seata 是一款开源的分布式事务解决方案，致力于提供高性能和简单易用的分布式事务服务。Seata 将为用户提供了 AT、TCC(类似2PC)、SAGA（长事务解决方案、基于状态机），为用户打造一站式的分布式解决方案。

    AT模式同tx-lcn类似，通过代理底层数据库连接，控制数据库事务的提交与回滚（必须依赖数据库）；当然seate由于是由阿里维护的，同时支持多种注册中心，zookeeper、eureka等。

名词解释： TC 事务协调者、TM 事务管理器、RM 资源管理器、Microservices 微服务、DB 数据库

参考链接：

seate主项目:GitHub - seata/seata: Seata is an easy-to-use, high-performance, open source distributed transaction solution.

seate模板：seata-samples/springcloud-eureka-feign-mybatis-seata at master · seata/seata-samples · GitHub；

seate快速使用：Quick Start

2.关键组件

  eureka、seate-0.8.0服务端、微服务1(hello)、微服务2（feign-consumer）

  spring boot:2.1.8.RELEASE

  spring cloud:Greenwich.SR2

  代码链接：GitHub - kickTec/springCloudDemo at transaction-seate

  csdn链接：transaction-seate.rar-Java文档类资源-CSDN下载

3.seate服务端参数

主要指定host,多个网卡自动绑定IP有时不对

  1.     @Parameter(names = "--help", help = true)
  2.     private boolean help;
  3.     @Parameter(names = {"--host", "-h"}, description = "The ip to register to registry center.", order = 1)
  4.     private String host;
  5.     @Parameter(names = {"--port", "-p"}, description = "The port to listen.", order = 2)
  6.     private int port = SERVER_DEFAULT_PORT;
  7.     @Parameter(names = {"--storeMode", "-m"}, description = "log store mode : file, db", order = 3)
  8.     private String storeMode;
  9.     @Parameter(names = {"--serverNode", "-n"}, description = "server node id, such as 1, 2, 3.it will be generated according to the snowflake by default", order = 4)
  10.     private Long serverNode;
  11.     @Parameter(names = {"--seataEnv", "-e"}, description = "The name used for multi-configuration isolation.",
  12.         order = 5)

windows启动seate服务器

seata-server.bat -h 192.168.0.18

4.微服务配置

maven配置

  1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
  2. <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
  3. 	xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  4. 	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  5. 	<parent>
  6. 		<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  7. 		<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
  8. 		<version>2.1.8.RELEASE</version>
  9. 		<relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
  10. 	</parent>
  11. 	<groupId>com.kenick</groupId>
  12. 	<artifactId>feign-consumer</artifactId>
  13. 	<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
  14. 	<name>feign-consumer</name>
  15. 	<description>feign-consumer</description>
  16.  
  17. 	<properties>
  18. 		<java.version>1.8</java.version>
  19. 	</properties>
  20.  
  21. 	<dependencies>
  22. 		<dependency>
  23. 			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  24. 			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  25. 		</dependency>
  26.  
  27. 		<dependency>
  28. 			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  29. 			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
  30. 		</dependency>
  31.  
  32. 		<!--数据库-->
  33. 		<dependency>
  34. 			<groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
  35. 			<artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  36. 			<version>2.0.0</version>
  37. 		</dependency>
  38.  
  39. 		<dependency>
  40. 			<groupId>mysql</groupId>
  41. 			<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
  42. 			<scope>runtime</scope>
  43. 		</dependency>
  44.  
  45. 		<!-- pageHelper分页插件 -->
  46. 		<dependency>
  47. 			<groupId>com.github.pagehelper</groupId>
  48. 			<artifactId>pagehelper</artifactId>
  49. 			<version>4.0.0</version>
  50. 		</dependency>
  51.  
  52. 		<!--druid-->
  53. 		<dependency>
  54. 			<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
  55. 			<artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  56. 			<version>1.1.10</version>
  57. 			<exclusions>
  58. 				<exclusion>
  59. 					<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
  60. 					<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
  61. 				</exclusion>
  62. 			</exclusions>
  63. 		</dependency>
  64.  
  65. 		<!--lombok-->
  66. 		<dependency>
  67. 			<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
  68. 			<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
  69. 			<version>1.18.8</version>
  70. 		</dependency>
  71.  
  72. 		<!--seata-->
  73. 		<dependency>
  74. 			<groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId>
  75. 			<artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-seata</artifactId>
  76. 			<version>2.1.0.RELEASE</version>
  77. 			<exclusions>
  78. 				<exclusion>
  79. 					<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
  80. 					<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
  81. 				</exclusion>
  82. 			</exclusions>
  83. 		</dependency>
  84. 		<dependency>
  85. 			<groupId>io.seata</groupId>
  86. 			<artifactId>seata-all</artifactId>
  87. 			<version>1.2.0</version>
  88. 		</dependency>
  89.  
  90. 		<!--eureka client-->
  91. 		<dependency>
  92. 			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  93. 			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-netflix-eureka-client</artifactId>
  94. 		</dependency>
  95.  
  96. 		<!--feign-->
  97. 		<dependency>
  98. 			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  99. 			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-openfeign</artifactId>
  100. 		</dependency>
  101. 	</dependencies>
  102.  
  103.     <dependencyManagement>
  104.         <dependencies>
  105.             <dependency>
  106.                 <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
  107.                 <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId>
  108.                 <version>Greenwich.SR2</version>
  109.                 <type>pom</type>
  110.                 <scope>import</scope>
  111.             </dependency>
  112.         </dependencies>
  113.     </dependencyManagement>
  114.  
  115. 	<build>
  116. 		<plugins>
  117. 			<plugin>
  118. 				<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  119. 				<artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
  120. 			</plugin>
  121. 		</plugins>
  122. 	</build>
  123.  
  124. </project>

seate特殊配置（seate服务器和微服务指定相同的tx-service-group）：

spring.cloud.alibaba.seata.tx-service-group=my_test_tx_group

file.conf文件中设置：

  1.   #transaction service group mapping
  2.   vgroupMapping.my_test_tx_group = "default"
  3.   #only support when registry.type=file, please don't set multiple addresses
  4.   default.grouplist = "192.168.0.18:8091"

register.conf中指定使用eureka:

  1. registry {
  2.   # file 、nacos 、eureka、redis、zk、consul、etcd3、sofa
  3.   type = "eureka"
  4.  
  5.   nacos {
  6.     serverAddr = "localhost"
  7.     namespace = "public"
  8.     cluster = "default"
  9.   }
  10.   eureka {
  11.     serviceUrl = "http://192.168.0.105:8888/eureka"
  12.     application = "default"
  13.     weight = "1"
  14.   }

由于seate AT模式是通过代理数据库连接方式实现的，在每个service服务中都需要进行如下配置：

  1. /**
  2.  * 数据源代理
  3.  */
  4. @Configuration
  5. public class DataSourceConfiguration {
  6.  
  7.     @Bean
  8.     @ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "spring.datasource")
  9.     public DataSource druidDataSource(){
  10.         return new DruidDataSource();
  11.     }
  12.  
  13.     @Primary
  14.     @Bean("dataSource")
  15.     public DataSourceProxy dataSource(DataSource druidDataSource){
  16.         return new DataSourceProxy(druidDataSource);
  17.     }
  18.  
  19.     @Bean
  20.     public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSourceProxy dataSourceProxy)throws Exception{
  21.         SqlSessionFactoryBean sqlSessionFactoryBean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();
  22.         sqlSessionFactoryBean.setDataSource(dataSourceProxy);
  23.         sqlSessionFactoryBean.setMapperLocations(new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver()
  24.                 .getResources("classpath:mybatis/mapping/*Mapper.xml"));
  25.         sqlSessionFactoryBean.setTransactionFactory(new SpringManagedTransactionFactory());
  26.         return sqlSessionFactoryBean.getObject();
  27.     }
  28.  
  29. }

全局事务使用，在service上添加注释

  1.     @GlobalTransactional(name = "fsp-create-order",rollbackFor = Exception.class)
  2.     @Override
  3.     public int saveUser(String userId, String name, int age) {
  4.         logger.debug("本地开始保存用户！");
  5.         User user = new User();
  6.         user.setUserId(userId);
  7.         user.setName(name);
  8.         user.setAge(age);
  9.         int ret = userMapper.insert(user);
  10.         logger.debug("本地开始保存用户结果:" + ret);
  11.  
  12.         logger.debug("开始远程调用helloservice!");
  13.         String remoteRet = helloService.addUser("remote_hello" + userId, name, age);
  14.         logger.debug("远程调用helloservice结果:" + remoteRet);
  15.  
  16.         // 产生异常
  17.         // int num = 1/0;
  18.         return ret;
  19.     }

其它的请参考项目代码配置。

5.业务流程

    调用feign-consumer工程的addUser接口，接口逻辑：先在本地保存用户，再调用hello服务的保存用户接口，相当于一次调用保存2了个用户信息。

6.依次启动eureka、seate服务器、微服务

正常流程

调用feign-consumer接口（192.168.0.18:4001/addUser），先在当前服务添加用户，再调用另一个微服务hello添加用户；2个用户信息添加成功；全局事务执行情况见下图。

feign-consumer日志

hello日志

异常流程：两次用户都保存成功后，后续feign-consumer 服务异常，最终两个工程都进行了回退。

feign-consumer日志

hello日志

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