Spring Boot 配置两个Rabbit Mq_springboot里面初始化2个mq

 1.背景

一个spring boot项目配置一个rabbit mq很常见，如何配置两个以及两个以上的mq？本篇文章将结合代码说明如何配置两个rabbit mq(talk is cheap, show me the code)。

2.项目结构

<groupId>cn.honorzhang</groupId>
<artifactId>my-springboot-rabbitmq</artifactId>
<version>1.0.0</version>
   <modules>
        <module>my-springboot-rabbitmq-amqp</module>
        <module>my-springboot-rabbitmq-model</module>
    </modules>
<packaging>pom</packaging>
<parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.2.7.RELEASE</version></parent>

如上代码所示，本项目包含两个模型，一个model模型，主要定义mq传递消息所用的模型，解析mq消息并转换成自己设计的模型。amqp模型主要是两个mq的配置，mq的公共配置，以及收发消息的逻辑代码。本例中定义了两个mq，分别包含消息的生产，消息的接收。

3.代码的讲解

3.1 mq的配置

spring.rabbitmq.first.host=${spring.rabbitmq.first.host}
spring.rabbitmq.first.port=${spring.rabbitmq.first.port}
spring.rabbitmq.first.user=${spring.rabbitmq.first.user}
spring.rabbitmq.first.password=${spring.rabbitmq.first.password}
spring.rabbitmq.first.virtual-host=${spring.rabbitmq.first.virtual-host}
spring.rabbitmq.first.exchange=${spring.rabbitmq.first.exchange}
spring.rabbitmq.first.routing.key=${spring.rabbitmq.first.routing.key}

其中queue的名称配置为环境变量，在消费端@RabbitListener中直接读取此环境变量的值。

3.2 配置代码

@Configuration
@PropertySource(value = "classpath:first-mq-config.properties")
public class FirstMqConfig {
 
    @Bean(name = "firstConnectionFactory")
    @Primary
    public ConnectionFactory firstConnectionFactory(
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.host}") String host,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.port}") String port,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.user}") String username,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.password}") String password,
            @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.virtual-host}") String virtualHost){
 
        return constructConnectionFactory(host, port, username, password, virtualHost);
    }
 
    @Bean(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
    public RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate(
            @Qualifier("firstConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
    ) {
        RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        return firstRabbitTemplate;
    }
 
 
    // 配置监听1
    @Bean(name = "firstFactory")
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory firstFactory(
            SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer configurer,
            @Qualifier("firstConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory
    ) {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        configurer.configure(factory, connectionFactory);
        return factory;
    }
 
 
 
 
    private ConnectionFactory constructConnectionFactory(
            String host, String port, String username, String password, String virtualHost){
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(host);
        connectionFactory.setPort(Integer.parseInt(port));
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);
 
        return connectionFactory;
    }
 
}

还有mq的一般配置，对于发送消息的序列化配置，以及接收消息的模型转换配置

@Configuration
public class MqCommonConfig {
    @Bean
    public MessageConverter jackson2JsonMessageConverter(){
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter();
    }
 
    /**
     * 解决方法:添加这个类进行序列化解析
     * 会自动识别
     * @param objectMapper json序列化实现类
     * @return mq 消息序列化工具
     */
    @Bean
    public MessageConverter jsonMessageConverter(ObjectMapper objectMapper) {
        return new Jackson2JsonMessageConverter(objectMapper);
    }
}

3.3 消费端与生产代码配置

生产端代码

@Resource(name = "firstRabbitTemplate")
    private RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate;
 
 
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.exchange:@null}")
    private String firstExchange;
 
    @Value("${spring.rabbitmq.first.routing.key:@null}")
    private String firstRoutingKeyRoute;
 
 
public void sendMessageByFirstMq() {
        RabbitMqMsg rabbitMqMsg = constructMqMsg("first", "**********first**********");
        log.info("-------------------send first rabbit mq info-----------------");
        firstRabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
                firstExchange, firstRoutingKeyRoute, rabbitMqMsg, generateMqHeader());
 
    }
 
 
private RabbitMqMsg constructMqMsg(String id, String text) {
 
        return RabbitMqMsg.builder()
                .msgId(id)
                .msgText(text)
                .build();
 
    }
 
 
private MessagePostProcessor generateMqHeader() {
        return message -> {
            MessageProperties properties = message.getMessageProperties();
            properties.setHeader("content-type", "application/json");
            properties.setHeader("content-encoding", "UTF-8");
            return message;
        };
    }

消费端代码

@RabbitListener(queues =  "${spring.rabbitmq.first.queue.name}",  containerFactory="firstFactory")
    public void processFirstMqMessage(@Payload RabbitMqMsg message) {
        log.info("**********processMessage first message****************: {}", message);
    }

4.运行结果

第三部分的代码只展示了配置一个mq，配置多个mq是依葫芦画瓢，自行配置即可，本例中作者配置了两个mq，分别发送消息与接收消息，最后结果如下图所示。

5.代码地址

本篇博客的完整代码地址为github

6.最后的话

本篇博客给出了spring boot配置多个mq的实例，代码在实际应用中跑通，欢迎一起交流。