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.NET6 WPF 实现截图功能以及快捷键截图_wpf 截图

作者：小蓝xlanll | 2024-02-25 06:27:48

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wpf 截图

1.需要添加引用

        System.Drawing.Common

2.主界面中添加一个按钮用于出发截图，按钮事件如下：

  1. 【MainWindow.xaml.cs】
  2.  
  3.         //截图按钮
  4.         private void BTCut_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  5.         {
  6.             //截图时隐藏主窗体
  7.             this.Hide();
  8.             //截取屏幕的一帧，并打开一个窗体显示出来
  9.             ScreenWindow snapWin = new ScreenWindow(CaptureCurrentScreen())
  10.             {
  11.                 //ScreenWindow处理完成后回调的处理事件
  12.                 sendMessage = GetImageHandler
  13.             };
  14.  
  15.             snapWin.ShowDialog();
  16.         }
  17.  
  18.         private void GetImageHandler(Bitmap bitmap) 
  19.         {
  20.             //此处写处理截图的逻辑
  21.         }
  22.  
  23.         /// <summary>
  24.         /// 截取屏幕
  25.         /// </summary>
  26.         /// <returns></returns>
  27.         public static Bitmap CaptureCurrentScreen()
  28.         {
  29.             //创建与屏幕大小相同的位图对象
  30.             var bmpScreen = new Bitmap((int)ScreenUtils.GetScreenWidth(), (int)ScreenUtils.GetScreenHeight(), System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format24bppRgb);
  31.  
  32.             //使用位图对象来创建Graphics的对象
  33.             using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bmpScreen))
  34.             {
  35.                 g.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.AntiAlias;   //设置平滑模式，抗锯齿
  36.                 g.CompositingQuality = CompositingQuality.HighQuality;  //设置合成质量
  37.                 g.InterpolationMode = InterpolationMode.HighQualityBicubic;     //设置插值模式
  38.                 g.TextRenderingHint = TextRenderingHint.ClearTypeGridFit;   //设置文本呈现的质量
  39.                 g.PixelOffsetMode = PixelOffsetMode.HighQuality;    //设置呈现期间，像素偏移的方式
  40.  
  41.                 //利用CopyFromScreen将当前屏幕截图并将内容存储在bmpScreen的位图中
  42.                 g.CopyFromScreen(0, 0, 0, 0, bmpScreen.Size, CopyPixelOperation.SourceCopy);
  43.             }
  44.  
  45.             return bmpScreen;
  46.         }

3.截屏后显示的窗体ScreenWindow代码如下

前台样式：

  1. <Window x:Class="myTestApp.Views.ScreenWindow"
  2.         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
  3.         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
  4.         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
  5.         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
  6.         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:myTestApp.Views"
  7.         mc:Ignorable="d"
  8.         WindowState="Maximized" WindowStyle="None" AllowsTransparency="True" Background="Transparent"
  9.         Title="ScreenWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
  10.     <Grid>
  11.         <InkCanvas Margin="0,0,0,0" Name="Ink" Visibility="Visible" EditingModeInverted="Select" EditingMode="Select" Cursor="Cross" MouseDown="Ink_MouseDown" MouseMove="Ink_MouseMove" MouseUp="Ink_MouseUp" MouseRightButtonDown="Ink_MouseRightButtonDown">
  12.         </InkCanvas>
  13.         <Border Name="Bord" Visibility="Collapsed" BorderThickness="2" HorizontalAlignment="Left"   VerticalAlignment="Top" Cursor="Cross" BorderBrush="#FF09646D"/>
  14.         <Button Name="Cancel" Visibility="Collapsed" Content="✘" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="40" Margin="527,347,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="40" BorderBrush="Red" Background="Red" Foreground="White" Click="Cancel_Click"/>
  15.         <Button Name="Conf" Visibility="Collapsed" Content="✔" FontSize="16" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="40" Margin="527,347,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="40" BorderBrush="#FF32510C" Background="#66C4EF3C" Foreground="White" Click="Conf_Click"/>
  16.     </Grid>
  17. </Window>

后台代码：

  1. /// <summary>
  2.     /// ScreenWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
  3.     /// </summary>
  4.     public partial class ScreenWindow : Window
  5.     {
  6.         public delegate void SendMessage(Bitmap bitmap);
  7.         public SendMessage sendMessage;
  8.         #region Win32 API
  9.         [DllImport("user32.dll")]
  10.         static extern IntPtr GetDC(IntPtr ptr);
  11.         [DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
  12.         static extern int GetDeviceCaps(
  13.         IntPtr hdc, // handle to DC
  14.         int nIndex // index of capability
  15.         );
  16.         [DllImport("user32.dll", EntryPoint = "ReleaseDC")]
  17.         static extern IntPtr ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hDc);
  18.         #endregion
  19.         #region DeviceCaps常量
  20.         const int HORZRES = 8;
  21.         const int VERTRES = 10;
  22.         const int LOGPIXELSX = 88;
  23.         const int LOGPIXELSY = 90;
  24.         const int DESKTOPVERTRES = 117;
  25.         const int DESKTOPHORZRES = 118;
  26.         #endregion
  27.  
  28.         private bool IsSnap = false;
  29.  
  30.         private Bitmap ScreenShot;
  31.         public ScreenWindow(Bitmap bitmap)
  32.         {
  33.             InitializeComponent();
  34.             this.Topmost = true;
  35.             ScreenShot = bitmap;
  36.             MouseDown += Ink_MouseDown;
  37.             MouseUp += Ink_MouseUp;
  38.             MouseMove += Ink_MouseMove;
  39.             MouseRightButtonDown += Ink_MouseRightButtonDown;
  40.             BitmapSource source;
  41.             IsSnap = true;
  42.  
  43.             try
  44.             {
  45.                 source = Imaging.CreateBitmapSourceFromHBitmap(ScreenShot.GetHbitmap(), IntPtr.Zero, Int32Rect.Empty, BitmapSizeOptions.FromEmptyOptions());
  46.             }
  47.             catch
  48.             {
  49.                 source = null;
  50.             }
  51.             ImageBrush b = new ImageBrush();
  52.             b.ImageSource = source;
  53.             b.Stretch = Stretch.Fill;
  54.             Ink.Background = b;
  55.             Ink.EditingMode = InkCanvasEditingMode.None;
  56.             this.WindowStartupLocation = WindowStartupLocation.Manual;
  57.             this.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
  58.             this.Left = 0;
  59.             this.Top = 0;
  60.             this.Height = SystemParameters.VirtualScreenHeight;
  61.             this.Width = SystemParameters.VirtualScreenWidth;
  62.         }
  63.  
  64.         private bool ISDown = false;                    // 判断是否鼠标左键按下
  65.         System.Windows.Point Startpoint = new System.Windows.Point();
  66.         private void Ink_MouseDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
  67.         {
  68.             ISDown = true;
  69.             Conf.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  70.             Cancel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  71.             Startpoint = Mouse.GetPosition(this);
  72.         }
  73.         Rect rect;
  74.         /// <summary>
  75.         /// 根据鼠标移动画出矩形标识区域
  76.         /// </summary>
  77.         /// <param name="sender"></param>
  78.         /// <param name="e"></param>
  79.         private void Ink_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e)
  80.         {
  81.             if (IsSnap)
  82.             {
  83.                 if (ISDown == true)
  84.                 {
  85.                     System.Windows.Point point = Mouse.GetPosition(this);
  86.                     rect = new Rect(Startpoint, point);
  87.                     Bord.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
  88.                     Bord.Margin = new Thickness(rect.Left, rect.Top, 0, 0);
  89.                     Bord.Height = rect.Height;
  90.                     Bord.Width = rect.Width;
  91.                 }
  92.             }
  93.         }
  94.         Rect snapArea = new Rect();
  95.         private void Ink_MouseUp(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
  96.         {
  97.             if (IsSnap)
  98.             {
  99.                 ISDown = false;
  100.                 if (Bord.Visibility == Visibility.Collapsed)
  101.                 {
  102.                     Conf.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  103.                     Cancel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  104.                 }
  105.                 else
  106.                 {
  107.                     Conf.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
  108.                     Cancel.Visibility = Visibility.Visible;
  109.                 }
  110.                 if (rect.Width >= 10 && rect.Height >= 10)
  111.                 {
  112.  
  113.                     if (System.Windows.Forms.SystemInformation.VirtualScreen.Height - rect.Bottom >= 0)
  114.                     {
  115.                         snapArea = rect;
  116.                         Conf.Margin = new Thickness(rect.Right - 40, rect.Bottom, 0, 0);
  117.                         Cancel.Margin = new Thickness(rect.Right - 80, rect.Bottom, 0, 0);
  118.  
  119.                     }
  120.                     else
  121.                     {
  122.                         snapArea = rect;
  123.                         Conf.Margin = new Thickness(rect.Left + 10, rect.Top + 22, 0, 0);
  124.                         Cancel.Margin = new Thickness(rect.Left + 50, rect.Top + 22, 0, 0);
  125.                     }
  126.                 }
  127.  
  128.             }
  129.  
  130.         }
  131.  
  132.         private void Ink_MouseRightButtonDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e)
  133.         {
  134.             ISDown = false;
  135.             Conf.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  136.             Cancel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  137.             Bord.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  138.  
  139.         }
  140.  
  141.         private void Window_KeyDown(object sender, System.Windows.Input.KeyEventArgs e)
  142.         {
  143.             if (e.KeyStates == Keyboard.GetKeyStates(Key.Escape))
  144.             {
  145.                 ISDown = false;
  146.                 Conf.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  147.                 Cancel.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  148.                 Bord.Visibility = Visibility.Collapsed;
  149.                 this.Close();
  150.             }
  151.         }
  152.         /// <summary>
  153.         /// 确认区域
  154.         /// </summary>
  155.         /// <param name="sender"></param>
  156.         /// <param name="e"></param>
  157.         private void Conf_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  158.         {
  159.             if (IsSnap)
  160.             {
  161.                 double dpi = getDpi();
  162.                 System.Drawing.Rectangle rectangle = new System.Drawing.Rectangle((int)((snapArea.X + 2) * dpi), (int)((snapArea.Y + 2) * dpi), (int)((snapArea.Width - 4) * dpi), (int)((snapArea.Height - 4) * dpi));
  163.                 var bitmap1 = new Bitmap((int)(snapArea.Width * dpi), (int)(snapArea.Height * dpi), System.Drawing.Imaging.PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb);
  164.  
  165.                 using (Graphics g = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap1))
  166.                 {
  167.                     g.CopyFromScreen(rectangle.X, rectangle.Y, 0, 0, rectangle.Size, CopyPixelOperation.SourceCopy);
  168.                 }
  169.                 this.Cursor = Cursors.Wait;
  170.                 sendMessage(bitmap1);
  171.  
  172.                 this.Close();
  173.             }
  174.  
  175.  
  176.         }
  177.  
  178.         private void Cancel_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
  179.         {
  180.             sendMessage(null);
  181.             this.Close();
  182.         }
  183.  
  184.         /// <summary>
  185.         /// 获取系统dpi，这一步很重要
  186.         /// </summary>
  187.         /// <returns></returns>
  188.         double getDpi()
  189.         {
  190.             double dDpi = 1;
  191.             IntPtr desktopDc = GetDC(IntPtr.Zero);
  192.             float horizontalDPI = GetDeviceCaps(desktopDc, LOGPIXELSX);
  193.             float verticalDPI = GetDeviceCaps(desktopDc, LOGPIXELSY);
  194.             int dpi = (int)(horizontalDPI + verticalDPI) / 2;
  195.             dDpi = 1 + ((dpi - 96) / 24) * 0.25;
  196.             if (dDpi < 1)
  197.             {
  198.                 dDpi = 1;
  199.             }
  200.             ReleaseDC(IntPtr.Zero, desktopDc);
  201.             return dDpi;
  202.         }
  203.     }

4.附：ScreenUtils.cs

  1.  
  2.     public class ScreenUtils
  3.     {
  4.         /// <summary>
  5.         /// 获取DPI百分比
  6.         /// </summary>
  7.         /// <param name="window"></param>
  8.         /// <returns></returns>
  9.         public static double GetDpiRatio(Window window)
  10.         {
  11.             var currentGraphics = Graphics.FromHwnd(new WindowInteropHelper(window).Handle);
  12.             return currentGraphics.DpiX / 96;
  13.         }
  14.  
  15.         public static double GetDpiRatio()
  16.         {
  17.             return GetDpiRatio(Application.Current.MainWindow);
  18.         }
  19.  
  20.         public static double GetScreenHeight()
  21.         {
  22.             return SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight * GetDpiRatio();
  23.         }
  24.  
  25.         public static double GetScreenActualHeight()
  26.         {
  27.             return SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenHeight;
  28.         }
  29.  
  30.         public static double GetScreenWidth()
  31.         {
  32.             return SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth * GetDpiRatio();
  33.         }
  34.  
  35.         public static double GetScreenActualWidth()
  36.         {
  37.             return SystemParameters.PrimaryScreenWidth;
  38.         }
  39.     }

以上是实现截图功能的核心代码，接下来添加快捷键截图功能，通过Ctrl+Alt+A快捷截图

5.引用WindowsApi，用于注册全局快捷键，这样即使主窗体不在前台显示也能使用快捷键截图

添加HotKey.cs

  1.     public class HotKey
  2.     {
  3.  
  4.         [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
  5.         public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(
  6.                 IntPtr hWnd, // handle to window   
  7.                 int id, // hot key identifier   
  8.                 KeyModifiers fsModifiers, // key-modifier options   
  9.                 System.Windows.Forms.Keys vk // virtual-key code   
  10.         );
  11.  
  12.         [DllImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
  13.         public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(
  14.             IntPtr hWnd, // handle to window   
  15.             int id // hot key identifier   
  16.         );
  17.         [Flags]
  18.         public enum KeyModifiers
  19.         {
  20.             None = 0,
  21.             Alt = 1,
  22.             Control = 2,
  23.             Shift = 4,
  24.             Windows = 8
  25.         }
  26.     }

6.在主窗体完成初始化时注册全局快捷键

  1. 【MainWindow.xaml.cs】
  2.  
  3.  
  4.         protected override void OnSourceInitialized(EventArgs e)
  5.         {
  6.             base.OnSourceInitialized(e);
  7.             this.myHandle = new WindowInteropHelper(this).Handle;
  8.             //组合键
  9.             ctrHotKey = (uint)(KeyModifiers.Alt | KeyModifiers.Control);
  10.             //注册
  11.             bool f = RegisterHotKey(this.myHandle, 100, (KeyModifiers)ctrHotKey, Keys.A);//这时热键为Alt+CTRL+A
  12.             HwndSource source = PresentationSource.FromVisual(this) as HwndSource;
  13.             source.AddHook(WndProc);
  14.         }
  15.         //快捷键响应事件
  16.         IntPtr WndProc(IntPtr hwnd, int msg, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, ref bool handle)
  17.         {
  18.             //Debug.WriteLine("hwnd:{0},msg:{1},wParam:{2},lParam{3}:,handle:{4}"
  19.             //                ,hwnd,msg,wParam,lParam,handle);
  20.             string sid = wParam.ToString();
  21.             switch (sid)
  22.             {
  23.                 case "100":
  24.                     BTCut_Click(null, null);
  25.                     break;
  26.                 default:
  27.                     break;
  28.             }
  29.             return IntPtr.Zero;
  30.         }

7.窗体程序退出时要注销掉全局快捷键

  1. 【MainWindow.xaml.cs】
  2.  
  3.  
  4. private void Window_Closing(object sender, System.ComponentModel.CancelEventArgs e)
  5.         {
  6.             UnregisterHotKey(this.myHandle, 100);//卸载快捷键
  7.         }

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