STM32 DIY USB键盘，效果杠杠滴~_stm32 usb键盘

一、前言

一般来说使用IO作为设备的按键输入就够用了 ，但是我就是想实现制作的按键键盘就像按实际键盘的某些按键一样，这样在上位机处理就容易很多，直接调用键盘类函数就可以了。

而且自己根据需求可以自定义按键数量，按键功能，我这里制作一个小数字键盘，增加了Delete按键，使用的是红轴机械按键，效果如下

二、环境

 stm32f1

keil

window10 

三、正文

我画的原理图如下

pcb

核心程序

#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "led.h"
#include "key.h"
#include "sys.h" 
#include "delay.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include "string.h"
#include "usb_lib.h"
#include "hw_config.h"
#include "usb_pwr.h"	 
//键盘配置按键
BUTTON_STATE key_all[232]=
{
	0,0,0,0, //0  00  //Fn键的偏移位置
	0,0,0,0, //1  01  Keyboard ErrorRollOver
	0,0,0,0, //2  02  Keyboard POSTFail
	0,0,0,0, //3  03  Keyboard ErrorUndefined
	0,0,0,0, //4  04  Keyboard a and A 
	0,0,0,0, //5  05  Keyboard b and B
	0,0,0,0, //6  06  Keyboard c and C 
	0,0,0,0, //7  07  Keyboard d and D
	0,0,0,0, //8  08  Keyboard e and E
	0,0,0,0, //9  09  Keyboard f and F
	0,0,0,0, //10 0A  Keyboard g and G
	0,0,0,0, //11 0B  Keyboard h and H
	0,0,0,0, //12 0C  Keyboard i and I
	0,0,0,0, //13 0D  Keyboard j and J
	0,0,0,0, //14 0E  Keyboard k and K
	0,0,0,0, //15 0F  Keyboard l and L
	0,0,0,0, //16 10  Keyboard m and M
	0,0,0,0, //17 11  Keyboard n and N
	0,0,0,0, //18 12  Keyboard o and O
	0,0,0,0, //19 13  Keyboard p and P
	0,0,0,0, //20 14  Keyboard q and Q
	0,0,0,0, //21 15  Keyboard r and R
	0,0,0,0, //22 16  Keyboard s and S
	0,0,0,0, //23 17  Keyboard t and T
	0,0,0,0, //24 18  Keyboard u and U
	0,0,0,0, //25 19  Keyboard v and V
	0,0,0,0, //26 1A  Keyboard w and W
	0,0,0,0, //27 1B  Keyboard x and X
	0,0,0,0, //28 1C  Keyboard y and Y
	0,0,0,0, //29 1D  Keyboard z and Z
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_7,0, //30 1E  Keyboard 1 and !
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_1,0, //31 1F  Keyboard 2 and @
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_13,0, //32 20  Keyboard 3 and #
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_6,0, //33 21  Keyboard 4 and $
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_0,0, //34 22  Keyboard 5 and %
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_12,0, //35 23  Keyboard 6 and ^
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_5,0, //36 24  Keyboard 7 and &
	0,GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_5,0, //37 25  Keyboard 8 and *
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_11,0, //38 26  Keyboard 9 and (
	0,GPIOC,GPIO_Pin_4,0, //39 27  Keyboard 0 and )
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_14,0, //40	28  Keyboard Return (ENTER) 
	0,0,0,0, //41	29  Keyboard ESCAPE  
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_0,0, //42	2A  Keyboard DELETE (Backspace) 
	0,0,0,0, //43	2B  Keyboard Tab 
	0,0,0,0, //44	2C  Keyboard Spacebar 
	0,0,0,0, //45	2D  Keyboard - and (underscore) 
	0,0,0,0, //46	2E  Keyboard = and + 
	0,0,0,0, //47	2F  Keyboard [ and { 
	0,0,0,0, //48	30  Keyboard ] and } 
	0,0,0,0, //49	31  Keyboard \ and | 
	0,0,0,0, //50	32  Keyboard Non-US # and ~ 
	0,0,0,0, //51	33  Keyboard ; and : 
	0,0,0,0, //52	34  Keyboard ‘ and “ 
	0,0,0,0, //53	 35  Keyboard Grave Accent and Tilde 
	0,0,0,0, //54	 36  Keyboard, and < 
	0,GPIOB,GPIO_Pin_10,0, //55	 37  Keyboard . and > 
	0,0,0,0, //56	 38  Keyboard / and ? 
	0,0,0,0, //57	 39  Keyboard Caps Lock	
	0,0,0,0, //58	 3A  Keyboard F1  
	0,0,0,0, //59	 3B  Keyboard F2  
	0,0,0,0, //60	 3C  Keyboard F3  
	0,0,0,0, //61	 3D  Keyboard F4  
	0,0,0,0, //62	 3E  Keyboard F5  
	0,0,0,0, //63	 3F  Keyboard F6  
	0,0,0,0, //64	 40  Keyboard F7  
	0,0,0,0, //65	 41  Keyboard F8  
	0,0,0,0, //66	 42  Keyboard F9  
	0,0,0,0, //67	 43  Keyboard F10  
	0,0,0,0, //68	 44  Keyboard F11
	0,0,0,0, //69	 45  Keyboard F12
	0,0,0,0, //70  46  Keyboard PrintScree n 
	0,0,0,0, //71  47  Keyboard Scroll Lock
	0,0,0,0, //72  48  Keyboard Pause 
	0,0,0,0, //73  49  Keyboard Insert
	0,0,0,0, //74  4A  Keyboard Home
	0,0,0,0, //75  4B  Keyboard PageUp
	0,0,0,0, //76  4C  Keyboard Delete Forward
	0,0,0,0, //77  4D  Keyboard End
	0,0,0,0, //78  4E  Keyboard PageDown
	0,0,0,0, //79  4F  Keyboard RightArrow
	0,0,0,0, //80  50  Keyboard LeftArrow
	0,0,0,0, //81  51  Keyboard DownArrow
	0,0,0,0, //82  52  Keyboard UpArrow
	0,0,0,0, //83  53  Keypad Num Lock and Clear
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_1,0, //84  54  Keypad /
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_2,0, //85  55  Keypad * 
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_3,0, //86  56  Keypad - 
	0,GPIOA,GPIO_Pin_4,0, //87  57  Keypad + 
	0,0,0,0, //88  58  Keypad ENTER
	0,0,0,0, //89  59  Keypad 1 and End
	0,0,0,0, //90  5A  Keypad 2 and Down Arrow
	0,0,0,0, //91  5B  Keypad 3 and PageDn 
	0,0,0,0, //92  5C  Keypad 4 and Left Arrow
	0,0,0,0, //93  5D  Keypad 5
	0,0,0,0, //94  5E  Keypad 6 and Right Arrow 
	0,0,0,0, //95  5F  Keypad 7 and Home
	0,0,0,0, //96  60  Keypad 8 and Up Arrow
	0,0,0,0, //97  61  Keypad 9 and PageUp 
	0,0,0,0, //98  62  Keypad 0 and Insert
	0,0,0,0, //99  63  Keypad . and Delete 
	0,0,0,0, //100 64  Keyboard Non-US \ and | 3;
	0,0,0,0, //101 65  Keyboard Application 
	0,0,0,0, //102 66  Keyboard Power
	0,0,0,0, //103 67  Keypad =  
	0,0,0,0, //104 68  Keyboard F13
	0,0,0,0, //105 69  Keyboard F14
	0,0,0,0, //106 6A  Keyboard F15
	0,0,0,0, //107 6B  Keyboard F16 
	0,0,0,0, //108 6C  Keyboard F17 
	0,0,0,0, //109 6D  Keyboard F18 
	0,0,0,0, //110 6E  Keyboard F19 
	0,0,0,0, //111 6F  Keyboard F20 
	0,0,0,0, //112 70  Keyboard F21 
	0,0,0,0, //113 71  Keyboard F22 
	0,0,0,0, //114 72  Keyboard F23 
	0,0,0,0, //115 73  Keyboard F24 
	0,0,0,0, //116 74  Keyboard Execute  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //117 75  Keyboard Help  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //118 76  Keyboard Menu  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //119 77  Keyboard Select  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //120 78  Keyboard Stop  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //121 79  Keyboard Again  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //122 7A  Keyboard Undo  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //123 7B  Keyboard Cut  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //124 7C  Keyboard Copy  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //125 7D  Keyboard Paste  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //126 7E  Keyboard Find  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //127 7F  Keyboard Mute  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //128 80  Keyboard Volume Up  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //129 81  Keyboard Volume Down  √ 
	0,0,0,0, //130 82  Keyboard Locking Caps Lock 12 √ 
	0,0,0,0, //131 83  Keyboard Locking Num Lock 12 √ 
	0,0,0,0, //132 84  Keyboard Locking Scroll Lock 12 √ 
	0,0,0,0, //133 85  Keypad Comma 27 107 
	0,0,0,0, //134 86  Keypad Equal Sign 29
	0,0,0,0, //135 87  Keyboard International1 15,28 56 
	0,0,0,0, //136 88  Keyboard International2 16
	0,0,0,0, //137 89  Keyboard International3 17
	0,0,0,0, //138 8A  Keyboard International4 18
	0,0,0,0, //139 8B  Keyboard International5 19
	0,0,0,0, //140 8C  Keyboard International6 20
	0,0,0,0, //141 8D  Keyboard International7 21
	0,0,0,0, //142 8E  Keyboard International8 22
	0,0,0,0, //143 8F  Keyboard International9 22
	0,0,0,0, //144 90  Keyboard LANG1 25
	0,0,0,0, //145 91  Keyboard LANG2 26
	0,0,0,0, //146 92  Keyboard LANG3 30
	0,0,0,0, //147 93  Keyboard LANG4 31
	0,0,0,0, //148 94  Keyboard LANG5 32
	0,0,0,0, //149 95  Keyboard LANG6 8
	0,0,0,0, //150 96  Keyboard LANG7 8
	0,0,0,0, //151 97  Keyboard LANG8 8
	0,0,0,0, //152 98  Keyboard LANG9 8
	0,0,0,0, //153 99  Keyboard Alternate Erase 7
	0,0,0,0, //154 9A  Keyboard SysReq/Attention 1
	0,0,0,0, //155 9B  Keyboard Cancel 
	0,0,0,0, //156 9C  Keyboard Clear 
	0,0,0,0, //157 9D  Keyboard Prior 
	0,0,0,0, //158 9E  Keyboard Return 
	0,0,0,0, //159 9F  Keyboard Separator 
	0,0,0,0, //160 A0  Keyboard Out 
	0,0,0,0, //161 A1  Keyboard Oper 
	0,0,0,0, //162 A2  Keyboard Clear/Again 
	0,0,0,0, //163 A3  Keyboard CrSel/Props 
	0,0,0,0, //164 A4  Keyboard ExSel 
	0,0,0,0, //165 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //166 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //167 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //168 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //169 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //170 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //171 A5-CF  Reserved  
	0,0,0,0, //172 A5-CF  Reserved  
	0,0,0,0, //173 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //174 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //175 A5-CF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //176 Keypad 00 
	0,0,0,0, //177 Keypad 000 
	0,0,0,0, //178 Thousands Separator  33
	0,0,0,0, //179 Decimal Separator  33
	0,0,0,0, //180 Currency Unit  34
	0,0,0,0, //181 Currency Sub-unit  34
	0,0,0,0, //182 Keypad ( 
	0,0,0,0, //183 Keypad ) 
	0,0,0,0, //184 Keypad { 
	0,0,0,0, //185 Keypad } 
	0,0,0,0, //186 Keypad Tab 
	0,0,0,0, //187 Keypad Backspace 
	0,0,0,0, //188 Keypad A 
	0,0,0,0, //189 Keypad B 
	0,0,0,0, //190 Keypad C 
	0,0,0,0, //191 Keypad D 
	0,0,0,0, //192 Keypad E 
	0,0,0,0, //193 Keypad F 
	0,0,0,0, //194 Keypad XOR 
	0,0,0,0, //195 Keypad ^ 
	0,0,0,0, //196 Keypad % 
	0,0,0,0, //197 Keypad < 
	0,0,0,0, //198 Keypad > 
	0,0,0,0, //199 Keypad & 
	0,0,0,0, //200 Keypad && 
	0,0,0,0, //201 Keypad | 
	0,0,0,0, //202 Keypad || 
	0,0,0,0, //203 Keypad : 
	0,0,0,0, //204 Keypad # 
	0,0,0,0, //205 Keypad Space 
	0,0,0,0, //206 Keypad @ 
	0,0,0,0, //207 Keypad ! 
	0,0,0,0, //208 Keypad Memory Store 
	0,0,0,0, //209 Keypad Memory Recall 
	0,0,0,0, //210 Keypad Memory Clear 
	0,0,0,0, //211 Keypad Memory Add 
	0,0,0,0, //212 Keypad Memory Subtract 
	0,0,0,0, //213 Keypad Memory Multiply 
	0,0,0,0, //214 Keypad Memory Divide 
	0,0,0,0, //215 Keypad +/- 
	0,0,0,0, //216 Keypad Clear 
	0,0,0,0, //217 Keypad Clear Entry 
	0,0,0,0, //218 Keypad Binary 
	0,0,0,0, //219 Keypad Octal 
	0,0,0,0, //220 Keypad Decimal 
	0,0,0,0, //221 Keypad Hexadecimal 
	0,0,0,0, //222 DE  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //223 DF  Reserved 
	0,0,0,0, //224 LeftControl
	0,0,0,0, //225 LeftShift
	0,0,0,0, //226 LeftAlt
	0,0,0,0, //227 LeftGUI
	0,0,0,0, //228 RightControl
	0,0,0,0, //229 RightShift
	0,0,0,0, //230 RightAlt
	0,0,0,0, //231 RightGUI
};
 
u8 keys_index[232];
int keys_none0=0; //非零个数
//按键初始化函数
void KeyBoard_Init(void) //IO初始化
{ 
 	GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
 
 	RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOE|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOF|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOG,ENABLE);//使能PORTA,PORTE时钟
	for(int i = 0; i < sizeof(key_all)/sizeof(BUTTON_STATE); i++){
		if(key_all[i].port==0||key_all[i].pin==0) continue;
		GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin |= key_all[i].pin;
		GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPD; //设置成输入，默认下拉	  
		//初始化index
		keys_index[keys_none0]=i;
		keys_none0++;
	}
	GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
	GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
	GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
	GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
	GPIO_Init(GPIOE, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
	GPIO_Init(GPIOF, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
	GPIO_Init(GPIOG, &GPIO_InitStructure);//初始化GPIO
 
}
 
u8 keybuf[8]={0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}; //按键发送缓存
int keybufp=2; //位置
void putkey(u32 key) //发现一个键按下
{
	if(keybufp==8){//若已经超过6个了
		memset(keybuf,0xff,8);//发送0xffff;
		keybufp++;
		return ;
	}
	else if(keybufp>8){
		return ;
	}
	keybuf[keybufp++]=key;
}
u32 SYS_time=0;
 
void check_press(BUTTON_STATE *bts) //判断按键是否按下
{
	if(bts->port==0||bts->pin==0){
		return ;
	}
	if(GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(bts->port,bts->pin)==1){//判断按键是否按下
		if(bts->tick==0){//上次未按下的按键tick次数增加
			bts->tick++;
			bts->state=0;//清除按下状态
			LED0=0;
		}
		else{
			bts->state=1;
			LED0=1;
		}	
	}
	else{//若释放了
		bts->tick=0;
		bts->state=0;
		LED0=0;
	}
}
void key_scan(void) //100Hz
{
	keybufp=2; //位置
	memset(keybuf,0,8);
	//首先轮询所有位置
	for(int i = 0; i < keys_none0; i++)
		check_press(key_all+keys_index[i]);
	//去抖动 
	delay_ms(10);//去抖动 
	//再次轮询所有位置
	for(int i = 0; i < keys_none0; i++)
		check_press(key_all+keys_index[i]);
	//特殊键直接置位
	if(key_all[LeftControl].state) { keybuf[0] |= (1<<0); }
	if(key_all[LeftShift].state) { keybuf[0] |= (1<<1); }
	if(key_all[LeftAlt].state) { keybuf[0] |= (1<<2); }
	if(key_all[LeftGUI].state) { keybuf[0] |= (1<<3); }
	if(key_all[RightAlt].state) { keybuf[0] |= (1<<6); }
	//普通键追加到buf
	for(int i = 0; i < keys_none0; i++){
		int j=keys_index[i];
		if(key_all[j].state){
			putkey(j);
		}
	}
	UserToPMABufferCopy(keybuf, GetEPTxAddr(ENDP1), 8);
	SetEPTxValid(ENDP1);
}
 

 程序框架简单清晰，不混乱，无其他乱起八糟的功能，只有usb键盘功能，易扩展

折腾了也有2个晚上，我的程序和板子工程文件如下：下载点这里，有意想不到的惊喜噢

四、结语

嘿嘿！