caffe编译报错“nvcc fatal : Unsupported gpu architecture ‘compute_86‘”_nvcc fatal : unsupported gpu architecture 'compute

显卡3050Ti(算力可以达到8.6 可查询)
cuda:11.0

由于cuda11.0不支持算力8.6的GPU 因此修改 ~/.bashrc中的信息
sudo ge
在cuda配置文件下面增加：

export TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST="8.0"
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然后：

source ~/.bashrc
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发现还是caffe调用的是8.6的算力，

参考

另一个办法，直接修改caffe中的cmake文件夹下面的cuda.cmake

修改cuda.cmake 文件内容
参考

# Function for selecting GPU arch flags for nvcc based on CUDA_ARCH_NAME
# Usage:
#   caffe_select_nvcc_arch_flags(out_variable)
function(caffe_select_nvcc_arch_flags out_variable)
  # List of arch names
  set(__archs_names "Fermi" "Kepler" "Maxwell" "Pascal" "All" "Manual")
  set(__archs_name_default "All")
  if(NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
    list(APPEND __archs_names "Auto")
    set(__archs_name_default "Auto")
  endif()
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改为：

# Function for selecting GPU arch flags for nvcc based on CUDA_ARCH_NAME
# Usage:
#   caffe_select_nvcc_arch_flags(out_variable)
function(caffe_select_nvcc_arch_flags out_variable)
  # List of arch names
  set(__archs_names "Ampere" "Kepler" "Maxwell" "Pascal" "All" "Manual")
  set(__archs_name_default "All")
  if(NOT CMAKE_CROSSCOMPILING)
    list(APPEND __archs_names "Auto")
    set(__archs_name_default "Auto")
  endif()
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  # verify CUDA_ARCH_NAME value
  if(NOT ";${__archs_names};" MATCHES ";${CUDA_ARCH_NAME};")
    string(REPLACE ";" ", " __archs_names "${__archs_names}")
    message(FATAL_ERROR "Only ${__archs_names} architeture names are supported.")
  endif()
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改为

  # verify CUDA_ARCH_NAME value
  if(NOT ";${__archs_names};" MATCHES ";${CUDA_ARCH_NAME};")
    string(REPLACE ";" ", " __archs_names "${__archs_names}")
    message(FATAL_ERROR "Only ${__archs_names} architeture names are supported.")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Ampere")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "86")
  endif()
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  if(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Fermi")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "20 21(20)")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Kepler")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "30 35")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Maxwell")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "50")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Pascal")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "60 61")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "All")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin ${Caffe_known_gpu_archs})
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Auto")
    caffe_detect_installed_gpus(__cuda_arch_bin)
  else()  # (${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Manual")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin ${CUDA_ARCH_BIN})
  endif()
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改为

  if(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Fermi")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "20 21(20)")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Kepler")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "30 35")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Maxwell")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "50")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Pascal")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "60 61")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "All")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin ${Caffe_known_gpu_archs})
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Auto")
    #caffe_detect_installed_gpus(__cuda_arch_bin)
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "60 61")
  else()  # (${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Manual")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin ${CUDA_ARCH_BIN})
  endif()
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结果：

最后发现caffe使用的算力6.0的 之前的保存问题解决。

其实这样存在一个问题，最好是caffe的cuda.cmake 的算力与~/.bashrc中的设置算力保持一直，否则可能出现在抵用caffe框架时候 出现算力不匹配问题，例如：

Check failed: error == cudaSuccess (209 vs. 0) no kernel image is available
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所以需要把：

  if(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Fermi")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "20 21(20)")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Kepler")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "30 35")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Maxwell")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "50")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Pascal")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "60 61")
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "All")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin ${Caffe_known_gpu_archs})
  elseif(${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Auto")
    #caffe_detect_installed_gpus(__cuda_arch_bin)
    set(__cuda_arch_bin "80")
  else()  # (${CUDA_ARCH_NAME} STREQUAL "Manual")
    set(__cuda_arch_bin ${CUDA_ARCH_BIN})
  endif()
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/.bashrc中需要添加为：
export TORCH_CUDA_ARCH_LIST=“8.0”
这样编译，之后 GPU算力是一致的。

又出现新问题：

In file included from /usr/include/leveldb/iterator.h:20:0,
                 from /usr/include/leveldb/db.h:12,
                 from /home/ckq/gitproject/Semantic_SLAM/ORB_SLAM3/Thirdparty/caffe/include/caffe/util/db_leveldb.hpp:7,
                 from /home/ckq/gitproject/Semantic_SLAM/ORB_SLAM3/Thirdparty/caffe/src/caffe/util/db.cpp:2:
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h: At global scope:
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:27:10: error: expected ‘;’ at end of member declaration
   Status() noexcept : state_(nullptr) {}
          ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:27:12: error: ‘noexcept’ does not name a type
   Status() noexcept : state_(nullptr) {}
            ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:27:12: note: C++11 ‘noexcept’ only available with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:33:16: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘&&’ token
   Status(Status&& rhs) noexcept : state_(rhs.state_) { rhs.state_ = nullptr; }
                ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:33:22: error: invalid constructor; you probably meant ‘leveldb::Status (const leveldb::Status&)’
   Status(Status&& rhs) noexcept : state_(rhs.state_) { rhs.state_ = nullptr; }
                      ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:33:22: error: expected ‘;’ at end of member declaration
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:33:24: error: ‘noexcept’ does not name a type
   Status(Status&& rhs) noexcept : state_(rhs.state_) { rhs.state_ = nullptr; }
                        ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:33:24: note: C++11 ‘noexcept’ only available with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:34:27: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘&&’ token
   Status& operator=(Status&& rhs) noexcept;
                           ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:34:33: error: expected ‘;’ at end of member declaration
   Status& operator=(Status&& rhs) noexcept;
                                 ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:34:35: error: ‘noexcept’ does not name a type
   Status& operator=(Status&& rhs) noexcept;
                                   ^
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:34:35: note: C++11 ‘noexcept’ only available with -std=c++11 or -std=gnu++11
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h: In member function ‘bool leveldb::Status::ok() const’:
/usr/include/leveldb/status.h:57:39: error: ‘nullptr’ was not declared in this scope
   bool ok() const { return (state_ == nullptr); }
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（针对ubuntu）
打开caffe文件下的makefile
扎到ifeq ($(OSX), 1)
将

ifeq ($(OSX), 1)
	CXX := /usr/bin/clang++ 
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改为

ifeq ($(LINUX), 1)
	CXX ?= /usr/bin/g++ -std=c++11
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如果是mac则改为：

ifeq ($(OSX), 1)
	CXX := /usr/bin/clang++ -std=c++11
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参考
参考

如果是cmake编译 则修改 caffe中的cmakelist.txt中的

if(UNIX OR APPLE)
  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fPIC -Wall")
endif()
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改为：

if(UNIX OR APPLE)
  set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -fPIC -Wall -std=c++11")
endif()
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参考

如果还报错
问题出在gcc和g++版本问题上，说是 caffe是在gcc4.9版本上编译，大于4.9的版本会出现问题，因此要安装gcc 4.9 g++4.9版本

由于系统是ubuntu20.04 已经没有这个软件包，因此

需要修改源：

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
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末尾添加：

deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial main
deb http://dk.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
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sudo apt update
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安装gcc 和g++

sudo apt install g++-4.9
sudo apt install gcc-4.9
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最后涉及到多gcc g++版本的切换 ：

设置gcc4.9 和g++的权重：

sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/gcc gcc /usr/bin/gcc-4.9 25
sudo update-alternatives --install /usr/bin/g++ g++ /usr/bin/g++-4.9 25
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切换：

sudo update-alternatives --config gcc
sudo update-alternatives --config g++
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报错：

 89%] Linking CXX executable upgrade_net_proto_text
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::Message::InitializationErrorString() const'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `boost::re_detail_107500::perl_matcher<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<char const*, std::string>, std::allocator<boost::sub_match<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<char const*, std::string> > >, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > >::construct_init(boost::basic_regex<char, boost::regex_traits<char, boost::cpp_regex_traits<char> > > const&, boost::regex_constants::_match_flags)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::WireFormatLite::WriteStringMaybeAliased(int, std::string const&, google::protobuf::io::CodedOutputStream*)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::io::CodedOutputStream::WriteStringWithSizeToArray(std::string const&, unsigned char*)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::Message::GetTypeName() const'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::AssignDescriptors(std::string const&, google::protobuf::internal::MigrationSchema const*, google::protobuf::Message const* const*, unsigned int const*, google::protobuf::MessageFactory*, google::protobuf::Metadata*, google::protobuf::EnumDescriptor const**, google::protobuf::ServiceDescriptor const**)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `boost::match_results<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<char const*, std::string>, std::allocator<boost::sub_match<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<char const*, std::string> > > >::maybe_assign(boost::match_results<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<char const*, std::string>, std::allocator<boost::sub_match<__gnu_cxx::__normal_iterator<char const*, std::string> > > > const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::base::CheckOpMessageBuilder::NewString()'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::Message::DebugString() const'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::MessageLite::ParseFromString(std::string const&)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::NameOfEnum(google::protobuf::EnumDescriptor const*, int)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `boost::re_detail_107500::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::transform(char const*, char const*) const'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::WireFormatLite::ReadBytes(google::protobuf::io::CodedInputStream*, std::string*)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::MessageFactory::InternalRegisterGeneratedFile(char const*, void (*)(std::string const&))'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `leveldb::DB::Open(leveldb::Options const&, std::string const&, leveldb::DB**)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::OnShutdownDestroyString(std::string const*)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::WireFormatLite::WriteBytesMaybeAliased(int, std::string const&, google::protobuf::io::CodedOutputStream*)'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `boost::re_detail_107500::cpp_regex_traits_implementation<char>::transform_primary(char const*, char const*) const'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::fixed_address_empty_string'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `leveldb::Status::ToString() const'
/usr/bin/ld: ../lib/libcaffe.so.1.0.0: undefined reference to `google::protobuf::internal::WireFormatLite::WriteString(int, std::string const&, google::protobuf::io::CodedOutputStream*)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make[2]: *** [tools/CMakeFiles/upgrade_net_proto_text.dir/build.make:126: tools/upgrade_net_proto_text] Error 1
make[1]: *** [CMakeFiles/Makefile2:511: tools/CMakeFiles/upgrade_net_proto_text.dir/all] Error 2
make: *** [Makefile:130: all] Error 2
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下载protoc2.6.1版本
https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/releases/tag/v2.6.1

ubuntu安装caffe中涉及到protobuf

安装教程：
安装

安装完记得刷新

sudo ldconfig
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报错：

fatal error: google/protobuf/arena.h: No such file or directory
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说是3.3.0解决了该问题,卸载2.6.1

参考：https://blog.csdn.net/h799710/article/details/126762153

还是存在问题 貌似是 conda中的protobuf影响

在Gen6D中安装了 protobuf 3.20.3
卸载 pip uninstall protobuf

在dsp-slam中安装了protobuf 3.19.1
卸载 pip uninstall protobuf

报错来源：
https://www.ngui.cc/el/1135612.html?action=onClick

sudo apt-get remove libprotobuf-dev
sudo apt-get remove protobuf-compiler
sudo apt-get remove python-protobuf

sudo rm -rf /usr/local/bin/protoc
sudo rm -rf /usr/bin/protoc
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/google
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/protobuf*
sudo rm -rf /usr/include/google
sudo rm -rf /usr/include/protobuf*