开源绘图工具 PlantUML 入门教程（常用于画类图、用例图、时序图等）

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一、类图

1. 类的UML图示

@startuml
skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
class Dummy {
 -field1 : String
 #field2 : int
 ~method1() : String
 +method2() : void
}
@enduml
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2. 定义能见度（可访问性）
   

@startuml

class Dummy {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}

@enduml
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@startuml
skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
class Dummy {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
@enduml
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3. 类之间的关系
   

@startuml
Class01 <|-- Class02
Class03 *-- Class04
Class05 o-- Class06
Class07 .. Class08
Class09 -- Class10
@enduml
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@startuml
Class11 <|.. Class12
Class13 --> Class14
Class15 ..> Class16
Class17 ..|> Class18
Class19 <--* Class20
@enduml
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@startuml
Class21 #-- Class22
Class23 x-- Class24
Class25 }-- Class26
Class27 +-- Class28
Class29 ^-- Class30
@enduml
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例子1：

@startuml

skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
class Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
class Class02 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}

Class01 <|-- Class02

@enduml
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或者

@startuml

skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
class Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
class Class02 extends Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}

@enduml
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例子2：

@startuml

skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
class Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
class Class02 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
class Class03 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}

Class01 <|-- Class02
Class01 <|-- Class03

@enduml
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或者

@startuml

skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
class Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
class Class02 extends Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}
class Class03 extends Class01 {
 -field1
 #field2
 ~method1()
 +method2()
}


@enduml
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二、用例图

@startuml
left to right direction
actor "Food Critic" as fc
rectangle Restaurant {
  usecase "Eat Food" as UC1
  usecase "Pay for Food" as UC2
  usecase "Drink" as UC3
}
fc --> UC1
fc --> UC2
fc --> UC3
@enduml
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三、时序图

例子1：

@startuml

autonumber
Alice -> Bob: Authentication Request
Bob --> Alice: Authentication Response

Alice -> Bob: Another authentication Request
Alice <-- Bob: another authentication Response

@enduml
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例子2：

@startuml

participant user
user -> A: DoWork
activate A
A -> B: <<create Request>>
activate B
B -> C: DoWork
activate C
C --> B: WorkDone
destroy C
B --> A: RequestCreated
deactivate B
A -> user: Done
deactivate A

@enduml

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参考资料

1. 官网：

   • PlantUML - 类图
   • PlantUML - 用例图
   • PlantUML - 序列图

2. 博客：https://blog.csdn.net/pleaseprintf/article/details/130656001