Java测试实现postman功能_postman authorization api-key 对应java实现

1. Java实现Postman功能

public OceanusResponseDTO<JSONObject> doApi(String rootUrl, Api api, JSONObject post) {
        StringBuffer strBf = new StringBuffer();
        try {
            URL realUrl = new URL(rootUrl+api.getUrl());
            HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
            connection.setDoOutput(true);
            connection.setDoInput(true);
            connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
            connection.setUseCaches(false);
            connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
            connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8");
            connection.connect();
            DataOutputStream dataout = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            String query = post.toString();
            //System.out.println(query); //能正常显示数据
            dataout.write(query.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            dataout.flush();
            dataout.close();
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            String lines;
            while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                lines = new String(lines.getBytes(), "utf-8");
                strBf.append(lines);
            }
            reader.close();
            connection.disconnect();
            System.out.println("返回数据："+strBf.toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
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2.重点知识讲解

2.1 URL请求类型

URL请求的类别，分为GET和POST请求。二者区别是：
1）GET请求是把参数放在URL字串后，传递给servlet
2）POST请求是把参数放在http请求的正文内。一般是String字符串

2.2 URLConnection对象问题

URL realUrl = new URL(rootUrl+api.getUrl());
HttpURLConnection connection = (HttpURLConnection) realUrl.openConnection();
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这里realUrl打开URL连接，实则是生成HttpURLConnection对象，故可以直接转换为HttpURLConnection对象，以便使用更多的API

2.3 connection的连接问题

//设置是否向httpURLConnection输出，因为这个是post请求，参数要放在http正文内，故设为true
connection.setDoOutput(true);
//设置是否从httpURlConnection读入，默认情况下是true
connection.setDoInput(true);
//设置post请求
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
//post请求不能使用缓存
connection.setUseCaches(false);
//设置httpURLConnection实例是否自动执行重定向
connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);
//设置请求头里面的各个属性
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json;charset=utf-8"); 
//建立连接
connection.connect();
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2.4 URLConnection发送数据和接收数据问题

			//创建输入输出流，用于 向连接里面 输出 携带的参数 （输出内容为 连接?后面的内容）
            DataOutputStream dataout = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());
            String query = post.toString();
            //将参数输出到连接
            dataout.write(query.getBytes("UTF-8"));
            //输出完成后刷新并关闭流
            dataout.flush();
            //重要步骤 勿忘
            dataout.close();  
            //读取输出的流
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(connection.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));
            String lines;
            //将读取的数据保存到lines这个字符串
            while ((lines = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                lines = new String(lines.getBytes(), "utf-8");
                strBf.append(lines);
            }
            //关闭流
            reader.close();
            //关闭连接
            connection.disconnect();
            //打印数据
            System.out.println("返回数据："+strBf.toString());
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return null;
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