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- #include <opencv2/ml/ml.hpp> // 引入OpenCV的机器学习模块
-
-
- using namespace std; // 使用标准命名空间
- using namespace cv; // 使用OpenCV命名空间
- using namespace cv::ml; // 使用OpenCV机器学习命名空间
-
-
- int main()
- {
- //创建随机训练数据
- Mat_<float> data(100, 100); // 申请100行100列的浮点数矩阵作为数据
- randn(data, Mat::zeros(1, 1, data.type()), Mat::ones(1, 1, data.type())); // 用正态分布随机填充数据,均值为0,方差为1
-
-
- //为每个类别创建一半的样本
- Mat_<float> responses(data.rows, 2); // 申请与data行数相同,2列的浮点数矩阵作为响应(输出)
- for (int i = 0; i<data.rows; ++i) // 遍历所有样本
- {
- if (i < data.rows/2)
- {
- responses(i, 0) = 1; // 前半部分样本标记为第一类
- responses(i, 1) = 0;
- }
- else
- {
- responses(i, 0) = 0; // 后半部分样本标记为第二类
- responses(i, 1) = 1;
- }
- }
-
-
- /*
- // 如果只需要单一响应(回归分析),可以使用以下代码
- Mat_<float> responses(data.rows, 1); // 申请单列响应矩阵
- for (int i=0; i<responses.rows; ++i)
- responses(i, 0) = i < responses.rows / 2 ? 0 : 1; // 前半部分标记为0,后半部分标记为1
- */
-
-
- //创建神经网络
- Mat_<int> layerSizes(1, 3); // 定义一个1行3列的整数矩阵,用于指定网络每层的大小
- layerSizes(0, 0) = data.cols; // 输入层神经元数量等于数据列数
- layerSizes(0, 1) = 20; // 隐藏层设为20个神经元
- layerSizes(0, 2) = responses.cols; // 输出层神经元数量等于响应列数
-
-
- Ptr<ANN_MLP> network = ANN_MLP::create(); // 创建多层感知机神经网络
- network->setLayerSizes(layerSizes); // 设置网络层大小
- network->setActivationFunction(ANN_MLP::SIGMOID_SYM, 0.1, 0.1); // 设置激活函数为对称S型函数,激活参数为0.1
- network->setTrainMethod(ANN_MLP::BACKPROP, 0.1, 0.1); // 设置训练方法为反向传播,学习率和动量都为0.1
- Ptr<TrainData> trainData = TrainData::create(data, ROW_SAMPLE, responses); // 利用数据和响应创建训练数据
-
-
- network->train(trainData); // 使用训练数据训练网络
- if (network->isTrained()) // 如果网络训练好了
- {
- printf("Predict one-vector:\n"); // 打印预测一个向量
- Mat result; // 用于保存预测结果的矩阵
- network->predict(Mat::ones(1, data.cols, data.type()), result); // 预测一个全1向量的输出
- cout << result << endl; // 输出预测结果
-
-
- printf("Predict training data:\n"); // 打印预测训练数据
- for (int i=0; i<data.rows; ++i) // 遍历所有训练数据
- {
- network->predict(data.row(i), result); // 对每一行数据进行预测
- cout << result << endl; // 输出每一行的预测结果
- }
- }
-
-
- return 0; // 程序结束,返回0
- }
该代码的函数是使用OpenCV的机器学习模块创建并训练一个简单的多层感知机(神经网络)模型。代码生成了一些随机数据和相应的标签,然后设置了神经网络的层结构和训练参数,利用随机生成的数据训练网络,最后使用训练完成的模型来预测一些新数据的输出。
终端输出:
Predict one-vector: [0.49815065, 0.49921253] Predict training data: [0.49815512, 0.4992235] [0.49815148, 0.4992148] [0.49816421, 0.49922886] [0.49815488, 0.49921444] [0.4981553, 0.49921337] [0.49815708, 0.49922335] [0.49815473, 0.49921861] [0.49815747, 0.49921554] [0.49815911, 0.49922082] [0.4981544, 0.49921104] [0.49815312, 0.49920845] [0.49815834, 0.4992134] [0.4981578, 0.499221] [0.49815252, 0.49921796] [0.49815798, 0.49920991] [0.4981553, 0.49921247] [0.49815372, 0.49922264] [0.49815732, 0.49922493] [0.49815607, 0.49922168] [0.49814662, 0.49921048] [0.49815735, 0.49921829] [0.49815637, 0.4992227] [0.49815381, 0.49921602] [0.49815139, 0.49921939] [0.49815428, 0.49921471] [0.4981533, 0.49922156] [0.49815425, 0.49922514] [0.49815568, 0.4992153] [0.49816135, 0.49922994] [0.49815443, 0.49921793] [0.49815369, 0.49921811] [0.49815857, 0.4992213] [0.49815249, 0.49921635] [0.49815717, 0.49922404] [0.49815562, 0.49922115] [0.49815992, 0.49922723] [0.49816322, 0.49921566] [0.49815544, 0.49922326] [0.4981539, 0.49922061] [0.49815902, 0.49923074] [0.49816567, 0.49922168] [0.49816078, 0.49921575] [0.49815938, 0.49921471] [0.49815077, 0.4992201] [0.49815583, 0.49921182] [0.49815345, 0.49921283] [0.4981598, 0.49921614] [0.49815416, 0.49921855] [0.49815762, 0.4992173] [0.49815825, 0.49921978] [0.49815825, 0.49922138] [0.49815908, 0.49921981] [0.49815544, 0.49921504] [0.49816117, 0.49923223] [0.49816099, 0.49921462] [0.49815351, 0.49922308] [0.49816227, 0.49923256] [0.49815354, 0.49922392] [0.49815038, 0.49922356] [0.49816525, 0.49922138] [0.49815342, 0.49922705] [0.49815989, 0.49922326] [0.49815401, 0.49921766] [0.49815825, 0.49921879] [0.49815637, 0.49921662] [0.49815908, 0.49922174] [0.49815243, 0.49921563] [0.49815255, 0.49921766] [0.49815673, 0.49921358] [0.49816242, 0.49922019] [0.49816835, 0.4992229] [0.49815518, 0.49920934] [0.49815202, 0.49921903] [0.49815437, 0.49922141] [0.49815497, 0.49921486] [0.49815184, 0.49921608] [0.49815631, 0.49922335] [0.49815813, 0.49921325] [0.49815223, 0.49922213] [0.49815005, 0.49921677] [0.49815634, 0.49921936] [0.49816167, 0.49923047] [0.49815112, 0.49921957] [0.49815676, 0.49921891] [0.49815649, 0.49922562] [0.49815223, 0.49921489] [0.49815086, 0.49922147] [0.49815762, 0.49921981] [0.49815792, 0.49921963] [0.49815729, 0.49921337] [0.49815807, 0.49922234] [0.49815661, 0.49921706] [0.49815363, 0.49922809] [0.49815917, 0.49921337] [0.4981555, 0.49922144] [0.49816197, 0.49922115] [0.49815977, 0.49922109] [0.49816063, 0.4992297] [0.49815196, 0.49921131] [0.49814603, 0.49921173]
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