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C++ C#自动获得特定串口 获得串口列表_c++ 获取串口列表

作者：我家小花儿 | 2024-04-25 07:29:33

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c++ 获取串口列表

目的：自动获得特定串口。 

0、C++自动获得特定串口 读设备管理器 计算机管理 串口列表 

 

  1. // PrintDeviceInfo.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。
  2. #include <stdio.h>
  3. #include <stdlib.h>
  4. #include <locale.h>
  5. #include <Windows.h>
  6. #include <setupapi.h>
  7. #pragma comment(lib, "setupapi.lib")
  8. //获取特定串口号 示例Qualcomm HS-USB Diagnostics 9091 (COM20)
  9. int getSpecialComNum(char *in)
  10. {
  11. 	char out[100] = { 0 };
  12. 	sscanf_s(in, "Qualcomm HS-USB Diagnostics 9091 (COM%[0-9])", out,sizeof(out)); //不是%d哦
  13. 	return atoi(out);
  14. }
  15. //从设备信息中 获取特定串口号  @return <=0无效
  16. int  getSpecialComNumFromDevInfo()
  17. {
  18. 	HDEVINFO hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(NULL, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF_ALLCLASSES);
  19. 	if (hDevInfo == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
  20. 	{
  21. 		printf("SetupDiGetClassDevs Err:%d", GetLastError());
  22. 		return -2;
  23. 	};
  24.  
  25. 	SP_CLASSIMAGELIST_DATA _spImageData = { 0 };
  26. 	_spImageData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_CLASSIMAGELIST_DATA);
  27. 	SetupDiGetClassImageList(&_spImageData);
  28.  
  29. 	SP_DEVINFO_DATA spDevInfoData = { 0 };
  30. 	spDevInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
  31. 	for (DWORD i = 0; SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, i, &spDevInfoData); i++)	
  32. 	{
  33. 		char  szBuf[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
  34. 		int  wImageIdx = 0;
  35. 		short  wItem = 0;
  36. 		if (!SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_CLASS, NULL, (PBYTE)szBuf, MAX_PATH, 0))
  37. 		{
  38. 			continue;
  39. 		};
  40. 		if (strcmp(szBuf, "Ports") != 0) //只取端口
  41. 		{
  42. 			continue;
  43. 		}
  44. 		printf("Class1:%s\r\n", szBuf);
  45. 		if (SetupDiGetClassImageIndex(&_spImageData, &spDevInfoData.ClassGuid, &wImageIdx))
  46. 		{
  47. 			char  szName[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
  48. 			DWORD  dwRequireSize;
  49. 				
  50. 			if (!SetupDiGetClassDescription(&spDevInfoData.ClassGuid, (PWSTR)szBuf, MAX_PATH, &dwRequireSize))
  51. 			{
  52. 				continue;
  53. 			};
  54. 			wprintf(L"Class:%s\r\n", szBuf);
  55.  
  56. 			if (SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME, NULL, (PBYTE)szName, MAX_PATH - 1, 0))
  57. 			{
  58. 				wprintf(L"FriendlyName:%s\r\n\r\n", szName);
  59. 				if (int comNum=getSpecialComNum(szName) > 0)
  60. 				{
  61. 					return comNum;
  62. 				}
  63. 			}
  64. 			else  if (SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_DEVICEDESC, NULL, (PBYTE)szName, MAX_PATH - 1, 0))
  65. 			{
  66. 				wprintf(L"Device:%s\r\n\r\n", szName);
  67. 			}
  68. 		}	
  69. 	}
  70. 	SetupDiDestroyClassImageList(&_spImageData);
  71. 	return - 1;
  72. }
  73.  
  74. int  main(int  argc, char* argv[])
  75. {
  76. 	printf("Locale is: %s\n", setlocale(LC_ALL, "chs"));
  77. 	printf("串口号:%d\n",getSpecialComNumFromDevInfo());
  78. 	//PrintDevicesInfo2();
  79. 	getchar();
  80. 	return  0;
  81. }

1、C++注册表方式

  1. #include <iostream>
  2. #include <windows.h>
  3. //***********************
  4. // 枚举所有的串口，以及名称
  5. //return 特定的串口号 或-1失败 
  6. //***********************
  7. int EnumAllComm()
  8. {
  9. 	HKEY hkey;
  10. 	int result;
  11. 	int i = 0;
  12. 	result = RegOpenKeyEx(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,"Hardware\\DeviceMap\\SerialComm", NULL, KEY_READ, &hkey);
  13. 	if (ERROR_SUCCESS == result)   //打开串口注册表   
  14. 	{
  15. 		do
  16. 		{
  17. 			TCHAR portName[0x100] = { 0 };//portName是注册表名称（不是设备管理器里的前缀），commName就是值 串口名字COMN
  18. 			TCHAR commName[0x100] = {0};
  19. 			DWORD dwSize = sizeof(portName) / sizeof(TCHAR);
  20. 			DWORD dwLong = dwSize;
  21. 			result = RegEnumValue(hkey, i, portName, &dwLong, NULL, NULL, (LPBYTE)commName, &dwSize);
  22. 			if (ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS == result)	{break;	}  			//   枚举串口				 	
  23. 			printf("%d %s %s\n", i, portName, commName); //显示名称及值
  24.  
  25. 			if (strcmp(portName, "\\Device\\QCUSB_COM5_2") == 0) //特定串口
  26. 			{
  27. 				return atoi(commName + 3);//去掉COM只取号 正常返回
  28. 			}
  29. 			i++;
  30. 		} while (TRUE);
  31. 		RegCloseKey(hkey); //关闭注册表
  32. 	}
  33. 	return -1;//没找到特定串口
  34. }
  35. int main()
  36. {
  37.     std::cout << "Hello World!\n";
  38. 	std::cout << "**************************Special COM:"<<EnumAllComm()<<"\n";
  39. 	std::cout << "Hello World! end\n";
  40. }

 注册表的key在不同的电脑上是否会变化？

2.C++直接打开试

  1. //默认只找倒数第一个
  2. int getCommNum()
  3. {
  4. 	HANDLE hCom;
  5. 	int i;	
  6. 	BOOL flag;
  7. 	char str[100] = {0};
  8. 	flag = FALSE;
  9. 	for (i = 30; i >= 1; i--)//此程序支持N个串口
  10. 	{
  11. 		sprintf(str,"\\\\.\\COM%d",i);
  12. 		//printf("%s%s",str,"\n"); 
  13. 		hCom = CreateFile(str, GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, 0, NULL);
  14. 		if (INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE != hCom)
  15. 		{//能打开该串口，则添加该串口
  16. 			CloseHandle(hCom);
  17. 			return i;
  18. 		}
  19. 	}
  20. 	return -1;
  21. }

3、USB VID PID MI +串口前缀

  1. #define MY_USB_PID_VID_F200	_T("VID_05C6&PID_9018")  //\\6&1DC4E91E&3
  2. #define MY_USB_PID_VID_F210	_T("VID_18D1&PID_4001") //\\&MI_046&4592401&0&0004
  3. #define MY_USB_PID_VID_F210_ELSE _T("VID_18D1&PID_4EE8")//这个在adb打开时存在
  4. //获取特定串口号 示例Qualcomm HS-USB Diagnostics 9091 (COM20)
  5. string getSpecialComNum(const char *in)
  6. {
  7. 	logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE+in);
  8. 	CString temp(in);
  9. 	if (StrStr(temp, "Qualcomm HS-USB Android GPS 9018") == NULL && StrStr(temp, "USB 串行设备") == NULL)
  10. 	{
  11. 		return "";
  12. 	}
  13. 	int ret=getContentInBracket(temp);
  14. 	if (ret != 0) { return ""; }
  15. 	temp.Replace("COM","");
  16. 	logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE +" OK, COM"+ temp.GetBuffer());
  17. 	return temp;
  18.  
  19. 	//char out[100] = { 0 };
  20. 	//sscanf_s(in, "Qualcomm HS-USB Android GPS 9018 (COM%[0-9])", out, sizeof(out)); //不是%d哦
  21. 	//return out;
  22. }
  23. //从设备信息中 获取特定串口号  @return <=0无效
  24. int  getSpecialComNumFromDevInfo()
  25. {
  26. 	HDEVINFO hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(NULL, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_ALLCLASSES);
  27. 	if (hDevInfo == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
  28. 	{
  29. 		printf("SetupDiGetClassDevs Err:%d", GetLastError());
  30. 		return -2;
  31. 	};
  32.  
  33. 	SP_CLASSIMAGELIST_DATA _spImageData = { 0 };
  34. 	_spImageData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_CLASSIMAGELIST_DATA);
  35. 	SetupDiGetClassImageList(&_spImageData);
  36.  
  37. 	SP_DEVINFO_DATA spDevInfoData = { 0 };
  38. 	spDevInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
  39. 	for (DWORD i = 0; SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, i, &spDevInfoData); i++)
  40. 	{
  41. 		char  szBuf[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
  42. 		int  wImageIdx = 0;
  43. 		short  wItem = 0;
  44. 		if (!SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_CLASS, NULL, (PBYTE)szBuf, MAX_PATH, 0))
  45. 		{
  46. 			continue;
  47. 		};
  48. 		if (strcmp(szBuf, "Ports") != 0) //只取端口
  49. 		{
  50. 			continue;
  51. 		}
  52. 		printf("Class1:%s\r\n", szBuf);
  53.  
  54.  
  55. 		// PID_VID 识别 筛选出实际串口
  56. 		DWORD nSize = 0;
  57. 		TCHAR				szDis[MAX_PATH] = { 0x00 };// 存储设备实例ID
  58. 		if (!SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, szDis, sizeof(szDis), &nSize)) { break; }
  59. 		// 根据设备信息寻找VID PID一致的设备
  60. 		CString strTemp;
  61. 		strTemp.Format(_T("%s"), szDis);
  62. 		logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE+ szDis);
  63. 		//strTemp.MakeUpper();
  64. 		if ((strTemp.Find(MY_USB_PID_VID_F200, 0) == -1)  && (strTemp.Find(MY_USB_PID_VID_F210, 0) == -1)) //没找到
  65. 		{
  66. 			logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE+"USB_PID_VID mismatch.");
  67. 			continue;
  68. 		}
  69. 		logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE+"PID_VID Check OK.");
  70.  
  71.  
  72. 		if (SetupDiGetClassImageIndex(&_spImageData, &spDevInfoData.ClassGuid, &wImageIdx))
  73. 		{
  74. 			char  szName[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
  75. 			DWORD  dwRequireSize;
  76.  
  77. 			if (!SetupDiGetClassDescriptionW(&spDevInfoData.ClassGuid, (PWSTR)szBuf, MAX_PATH, &dwRequireSize))
  78. 			{
  79. 				continue;
  80. 			};
  81. 			wprintf(L"Class:%s\r\n", szBuf);
  82.  
  83. 			if (SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyW(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_FRIENDLYNAME, NULL, (PBYTE)szName, MAX_PATH - 1, 0))
  84. 			{
  85. 				wprintf(L"FriendlyName:%s\r\n\r\n", szName);
  86. 				int comNum = atoi(getSpecialComNum(wideCharToMultiByte((wchar_t *)szName)).c_str()); //根据特殊前缀来识别
  87. 				if (comNum > 0)
  88. 				{
  89. 					return comNum;
  90. 				}
  91. 				logger.ERROR_F(FUN_LINE+" Com prefix mismatch.");
  92. 			}
  93. 			else  if (SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_DEVICEDESC, NULL, (PBYTE)szName, MAX_PATH - 1, 0))
  94. 			{
  95. 				wprintf(L"Device:%s\r\n\r\n", szName);
  96. 			}
  97. 			else
  98. 			{
  99. 				logger.ERROR_F(FUN_LINE);
  100. 			}
  101. 		}
  102. 		else
  103. 		{
  104. 			logger.ERROR_F(FUN_LINE);
  105. 		}
  106. 	}
  107. 	SetupDiDestroyClassImageList(&_spImageData);
  108. 	logger.ERROR_F(FUN_LINE);
  109. 	return -1;
  110. }
  111.  
  112. //是否插了设备  @return <=0无效
  113. int  isHaveDevice()
  114. {
  115. 	HDEVINFO hDevInfo = SetupDiGetClassDevs(NULL, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_ALLCLASSES);
  116. 	if (hDevInfo == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
  117. 	{
  118. 		printf("SetupDiGetClassDevs Err:%d", GetLastError());
  119. 		return -2;
  120. 	};
  121.  
  122. 	SP_CLASSIMAGELIST_DATA _spImageData = { 0 };
  123. 	_spImageData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_CLASSIMAGELIST_DATA);
  124. 	SetupDiGetClassImageList(&_spImageData);
  125.  
  126. 	SP_DEVINFO_DATA spDevInfoData = { 0 };
  127. 	spDevInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
  128. 	for (DWORD i = 0; SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDevInfo, i, &spDevInfoData); i++)
  129. 	{
  130. 		char  szBuf[MAX_PATH] = { 0 };
  131. 		int  wImageIdx = 0;
  132. 		short  wItem = 0;
  133. 		if (!SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, SPDRP_CLASS, NULL, (PBYTE)szBuf, MAX_PATH, 0))
  134. 		{
  135. 			continue;
  136. 		};
  137. 		if (strcmp(szBuf, "Ports") != 0) //只取端口
  138. 		{
  139. 			continue;
  140. 		}
  141. 		printf("Class1:%s\r\n", szBuf);
  142.  
  143.  
  144. 		// PID_VID 识别 筛选出实际串口
  145. 		DWORD nSize = 0;
  146. 		TCHAR				szDis[MAX_PATH] = { 0x00 };// 存储设备实例ID
  147. 		if (!SetupDiGetDeviceInstanceId(hDevInfo, &spDevInfoData, szDis, sizeof(szDis), &nSize)) { break; }
  148. 		// 根据设备信息寻找VID PID一致的设备
  149. 		CString strTemp;
  150. 		strTemp.Format(_T("%s"), szDis);
  151. 		logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE + szDis);
  152. 		//strTemp.MakeUpper();
  153. 		if ((strTemp.Find(MY_USB_PID_VID_F200, 0) == -1) && (strTemp.Find(MY_USB_PID_VID_F210, 0) == -1) && (strTemp.Find(MY_USB_PID_VID_F210_ELSE, 0) == -1)) //没找到
  154. 		{
  155. 			logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE + "USB_PID_VID mismatch.");
  156. 			continue;
  157. 		}
  158. 		logger.INFO_F(FUN_LINE + "PID_VID Check OK.");
  159. 		return 0;
  160. 	}
  161. 	SetupDiDestroyClassImageList(&_spImageData);
  162. 	logger.ERROR_F(FUN_LINE);
  163. 	return -1;
  164. }

4、C#自动获得特定串口 枚举【计算机管理】表

 C#

  1. using System;
  2. using System.Collections.Generic;
  3. using System.Linq;
  4. using System.Management;
  5. using System.Text;
  6. using System.Threading.Tasks;
  7.  
  8. namespace FT_M20
  9. {
  10.     class MySerialPort
  11.     {
  12.         public static string strConvertToHexStr(string str)
  13.         {
  14.             string strHex = "";
  15.             foreach (byte b in str)
  16.             {
  17.                 strHex += String.Format("{0:X2} ", b);
  18.             }
  19.             return strHex;
  20.         }
  21.         public static byte[] hexConvertToByteArray(String str)
  22.         {
  23.             str = str.Replace(" ", "");
  24.             byte[] b = new byte[str.Length / 2];
  25.             for (int i = 0; i < str.Length; i = i + 2)
  26.             {
  27.                 b[i / 2] = (byte)Convert.ToInt32(str.Substring(i, 2), 16);   //将十六进制“10”转换为十进制i
  28.             }
  29.             return b;
  30.         }
  31.         /// <summary>
  32.         /// Get the target com num.
  33.         /// </summary>
  34.         /// <returns></returns>
  35.         public static string GetComName()
  36.         {
  37.             string[] strArr = GetHarewareInfo(HardwareEnum.Win32_PnPEntity, "Name");
  38.             foreach (string s in strArr)
  39.             {
  40.                 //Quectel USB Serial - 1 Port(COM7)
  41.                 if (s.Contains("COM"))
  42.                 {
  43.                     if (s.Contains("Quectel USB Serial-1"))
  44.                     {
  45.                         //Log(s);
  46.                         return  return "COM"+ Regex.Match(s, @"\(COM(?<port>\d+)").Groups["port"].Value; //从(COM20)提取串口号
  47.                     }
  48.                 }
  49.             }
  50.             return null;
  51.         }
  52.  
  53.         /// <summary>
  54.         /// Get the system devices information with windows api.
  55.         /// </summary>
  56.         /// <param name="hardType">Device type.</param>
  57.         /// <param name="propKey">the property of the device.</param>
  58.         /// <returns></returns>
  59.         public static string[] GetHarewareInfo(HardwareEnum hardType, string propKey)
  60.         {
  61.  
  62.             List<string> strs = new List<string>();
  63.             try
  64.             {
  65.                 using (ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("select * from " + hardType))
  66.                 {
  67.                     var hardInfos = searcher.Get();
  68.                     foreach (var hardInfo in hardInfos)
  69.                     {
  70.                         if (hardInfo.Properties[propKey].Value != null)
  71.                         {
  72.                             String str = hardInfo.Properties[propKey].Value.ToString();
  73.                             strs.Add(str);
  74.                         }
  75.  
  76.                     }
  77.                 }
  78.                 return strs.ToArray();
  79.             }
  80.             catch
  81.             {
  82.                 return null;
  83.             }
  84.             finally
  85.             {
  86.                 strs = null;
  87.             }
  88.         }//end of func GetHarewareInfo().
  89.  
  90.         /// <summary>
  91.         /// 枚举win32 api
  92.         /// </summary>
  93.         public enum HardwareEnum
  94.         {
  95.             // 硬件
  96.             Win32_Processor, // CPU 处理器
  97.             Win32_PhysicalMemory, // 物理内存条
  98.             Win32_Keyboard, // 键盘
  99.             Win32_PointingDevice, // 点输入设备，包括鼠标。
  100.             Win32_FloppyDrive, // 软盘驱动器
  101.             Win32_DiskDrive, // 硬盘驱动器
  102.             Win32_CDROMDrive, // 光盘驱动器
  103.             Win32_BaseBoard, // 主板
  104.             Win32_BIOS, // BIOS 芯片
  105.             Win32_ParallelPort, // 并口
  106.             Win32_SerialPort, // 串口
  107.             Win32_SerialPortConfiguration, // 串口配置
  108.             Win32_SoundDevice, // 多媒体设置，一般指声卡。
  109.             Win32_SystemSlot, // 主板插槽 (ISA & PCI & AGP)
  110.             Win32_USBController, // USB 控制器
  111.             Win32_NetworkAdapter, // 网络适配器
  112.             Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration, // 网络适配器设置
  113.             Win32_Printer, // 打印机
  114.             Win32_PrinterConfiguration, // 打印机设置
  115.             Win32_PrintJob, // 打印机任务
  116.             Win32_TCPIPPrinterPort, // 打印机端口
  117.             Win32_POTSModem, // MODEM
  118.             Win32_POTSModemToSerialPort, // MODEM 端口
  119.             Win32_DesktopMonitor, // 显示器
  120.             Win32_DisplayConfiguration, // 显卡
  121.             Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration, // 显卡设置
  122.             Win32_VideoController, // 显卡细节。
  123.             Win32_VideoSettings, // 显卡支持的显示模式。
  124.  
  125.             // 操作系统
  126.             Win32_TimeZone, // 时区
  127.             Win32_SystemDriver, // 驱动程序
  128.             Win32_DiskPartition, // 磁盘分区
  129.             Win32_LogicalDisk, // 逻辑磁盘
  130.             Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition, // 逻辑磁盘所在分区及始末位置。
  131.             Win32_LogicalMemoryConfiguration, // 逻辑内存配置
  132.             Win32_PageFile, // 系统页文件信息
  133.             Win32_PageFileSetting, // 页文件设置
  134.             Win32_BootConfiguration, // 系统启动配置
  135.             Win32_ComputerSystem, // 计算机信息简要
  136.             Win32_OperatingSystem, // 操作系统信息
  137.             Win32_StartupCommand, // 系统自动启动程序
  138.             Win32_Service, // 系统安装的服务
  139.             Win32_Group, // 系统管理组
  140.             Win32_GroupUser, // 系统组帐号
  141.             Win32_UserAccount, // 用户帐号
  142.             Win32_Process, // 系统进程
  143.             Win32_Thread, // 系统线程
  144.             Win32_Share, // 共享
  145.             Win32_NetworkClient, // 已安装的网络客户端
  146.             Win32_NetworkProtocol, // 已安装的网络协议
  147.             Win32_PnPEntity,//all device
  148.         }
  149.     }
  150. }

或者

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