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【HttpRunner v3.x】笔记 ——3. 录制生成测试用例_har2case如何生成py文件

作者：我家小花儿 | 2024-05-22 17:00:18

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har2case如何生成py文件

在正式手动编写case之前，我们可以先来熟悉下httprunner的录制生成用例功能。
用postman的童鞋都知道，里面有个功能可以将接口转换成代码，可以直接copy过来使用，提升case编写效率。
那httprunner的录制生成用例功能又是怎么回事呢？

一、har2case

其实，这都要依托于另一个独立的项目-har2case。
原理就是当前主流的抓包工具和浏览器都支持将抓取得到的数据包导出为标准通用的 HAR 格式(HTTP Archive)，然后 HttpRunner 将 HAR 格式的数据包转换为YAML/JSON格式的测试用例文件。
比如，我现在用window系统上的fiddler去抓取一个百度首页的请求。
选中这个请求，点击左上角的File——Export Sessions——(可以选择导出选中的也可以导出所有)，这里我们选择导出选中的，导出HTTPArchive，文件名baidu_home.har，保存到了项目的har目录下。

二、转换为pytest文件

运行命令将har文件转换成测试用例：

har2case baidu_home.har


生成完毕，在har目录下可以看到生成出的python文件：

  1. # NOTE: Generated By HttpRunner v3.1.1
  2. # FROM: har\baidu_home.har
  3.  
  4. from httprunner import HttpRunner, Config, Step, RunRequest, RunTestCase
  5.  
  6.  
  7. class TestCaseBaiduHome(HttpRunner):
  8.     config = Config("testcase description").verify(False)
  9.  
  10.     teststeps = [
  11.         Step(
  12.             RunRequest("/")
  13.             .get("https://www.baidu.com/")
  14.             .with_headers(
  15.                 **{
  16.                     "Host": "www.baidu.com",
  17.                     "Connection": "keep-alive",
  18.                     "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
  19.                     "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.80 Safari/537.36",
  20.                     "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
  21.                     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
  22.                     "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
  23.                     "Cookie": "PSTM=1582766561; BAIDUID=5F919C7A22A02E55FBC58E932E7495CD:FG=1; BD_UPN=12314353; BIDUPSID=B2A8970CF5106170D98A137A26C533F7; H_WISE_SIDS=143933_142621_143879_144883_139041_141744_145870_144419_144135_145271_136863_131247_144682_137745_138883_140259_141941_127969_144790_140593_143491_144376_131423_114552_142206_145910_144501_125695_107313_139909_145654_143477_144966_140367_145423_144535_145305_145399_143857_139914_110085; BDUSS=ldaMkhYZjEtLTJQbFhQUTJtU3pwTGhnRVJkeE9YUmNzU2tRRExoZDE3N2hvfmxlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAABJufAYUTc2Nzc2MDMyNQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOEW0l7hFtJeQ; BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]=I67x6TjHwwYf0; delPer=0; BD_CK_SAM=1; PSINO=5; BD_HOME=1; __yjsv5_shitong=1.0_7_47374759f3e4680e7c7afb4a907cb9d2e37d_300_1593325350568_112.80.30.194_b17302a9; yjs_js_security_passport=db59f16989e33eb07a57bd9928ad960ce36495c4_1593325351_js; H_PS_645EC=8043uGVfepN6KMlbDns%2FO0qiazHvEYcE62vhF1luCcNa%2FgwzKQEQq2epcrqdNRvj4iby; H_PS_PSSID=32095_1445_31672_21106_32139_31660_32045_31321; BDSVRTM=0",
  24.                 }
  25.             )
  26.             .with_cookies(
  27.                 **{
  28.                     "PSTM": "1582766561",
  29.                     "BAIDUID": "5F919C7A22A02E55FBC58E932E7495CD:FG=1",
  30.                     "BD_UPN": "12314353",
  31.                     "BIDUPSID": "B2A8970CF5106170D98A137A26C533F7",
  32.                     "H_WISE_SIDS": "143933_142621_143879_144883_139041_141744_145870_144419_144135_145271_136863_131247_144682_137745_138883_140259_141941_127969_144790_140593_143491_144376_131423_114552_142206_145910_144501_125695_107313_139909_145654_143477_144966_140367_145423_144535_145305_145399_143857_139914_110085",
  33.                     "BDUSS": "ldaMkhYZjEtLTJQbFhQUTJtU3pwTGhnRVJkeE9YUmNzU2tRRExoZDE3N2hvfmxlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAABJufAYUTc2Nzc2MDMyNQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOEW0l7hFtJeQ",
  34.                     "BDORZ": "B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598",
  35.                     "BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]": "I67x6TjHwwYf0",
  36.                     "delPer": "0",
  37.                     "BD_CK_SAM": "1",
  38.                     "PSINO": "5",
  39.                     "BD_HOME": "1",
  40.                     "__yjsv5_shitong": "1.0_7_47374759f3e4680e7c7afb4a907cb9d2e37d_300_1593325350568_112.80.30.194_b17302a9",
  41.                     "yjs_js_security_passport": "db59f16989e33eb07a57bd9928ad960ce36495c4_1593325351_js",
  42.                     "H_PS_645EC": "8043uGVfepN6KMlbDns%2FO0qiazHvEYcE62vhF1luCcNa%2FgwzKQEQq2epcrqdNRvj4iby",
  43.                     "H_PS_PSSID": "32095_1445_31672_21106_32139_31660_32045_31321",
  44.                     "BDSVRTM": "0",
  45.                 }
  46.             )
  47.             .validate()
  48.             .assert_equal("status_code", 200)
  49.             .assert_equal('headers."Content-Type"', "text/html;charset=utf-8")
  50.         ),
  51.     ]
  52.  
  53.  
  54. if __name__ == "__main__":
  55.     TestCaseBaiduHome().test_start()

因为httprunner封装了pytest，所有既可以用hrun去运行，也可以用pytest去运行。
hrun
pytest

三、转换为YAML/JSON

很简单，只要在命令后面多加对应的参数就行了。-2y/--to-ymlor-2j/--to-json
转为YAML：

har2case baidu_home.har -2y


可以查看到转换生成的yaml文件了。

  1. config:
  2.     name: testcase description
  3.     variables: {}
  4.     verify: false
  5. teststeps:
  6. -   name: /
  7.     request:
  8.         cookies:
  9.             BAIDUID: 5F919C7A22A02E55FBC58E932E7495CD:FG=1
  10.             BDORZ: B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598
  11.             BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]: I67x6TjHwwYf0
  12.             BDSVRTM: '0'
  13.             BDUSS: ldaMkhYZjEtLTJQbFhQUTJtU3pwTGhnRVJkeE9YUmNzU2tRRExoZDE3N2hvfmxlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAABJufAYUTc2Nzc2MDMyNQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOEW0l7hFtJeQ
  14.             BD_CK_SAM: '1'
  15.             BD_HOME: '1'
  16.             BD_UPN: '12314353'
  17.             BIDUPSID: B2A8970CF5106170D98A137A26C533F7
  18.             H_PS_645EC: 8043uGVfepN6KMlbDns%2FO0qiazHvEYcE62vhF1luCcNa%2FgwzKQEQq2epcrqdNRvj4iby
  19.             H_PS_PSSID: '32095_1445_31672_21106_32139_31660_32045_31321'
  20.             H_WISE_SIDS: '143933_142621_143879_144883_139041_141744_145870_144419_144135_145271_136863_131247_144682_137745_138883_140259_141941_127969_144790_140593_143491_144376_131423_114552_142206_145910_144501_125695_107313_139909_145654_143477_144966_140367_145423_144535_145305_145399_143857_139914_110085'
  21.             PSINO: '5'
  22.             PSTM: '1582766561'
  23.             __yjsv5_shitong: 1.0_7_47374759f3e4680e7c7afb4a907cb9d2e37d_300_1593325350568_112.80.30.194_b17302a9
  24.             delPer: '0'
  25.             yjs_js_security_passport: db59f16989e33eb07a57bd9928ad960ce36495c4_1593325351_js
  26.         headers:
  27.             Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3
  28.             Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate, br
  29.             Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8
  30.             Connection: keep-alive
  31.             Cookie: PSTM=1582766561; BAIDUID=5F919C7A22A02E55FBC58E932E7495CD:FG=1;
  32.                 BD_UPN=12314353; BIDUPSID=B2A8970CF5106170D98A137A26C533F7; H_WISE_SIDS=143933_142621_143879_144883_139041_141744_145870_144419_144135_145271_136863_131247_144682_137745_138883_140259_141941_127969_144790_140593_143491_144376_131423_114552_142206_145910_144501_125695_107313_139909_145654_143477_144966_140367_145423_144535_145305_145399_143857_139914_110085;
  33.                 BDUSS=ldaMkhYZjEtLTJQbFhQUTJtU3pwTGhnRVJkeE9YUmNzU2tRRExoZDE3N2hvfmxlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAABJufAYUTc2Nzc2MDMyNQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOEW0l7hFtJeQ;
  34.                 BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]=I67x6TjHwwYf0;
  35.                 delPer=0; BD_CK_SAM=1; PSINO=5; BD_HOME=1; __yjsv5_shitong=1.0_7_47374759f3e4680e7c7afb4a907cb9d2e37d_300_1593325350568_112.80.30.194_b17302a9;
  36.                 yjs_js_security_passport=db59f16989e33eb07a57bd9928ad960ce36495c4_1593325351_js;
  37.                 H_PS_645EC=8043uGVfepN6KMlbDns%2FO0qiazHvEYcE62vhF1luCcNa%2FgwzKQEQq2epcrqdNRvj4iby;
  38.                 H_PS_PSSID=32095_1445_31672_21106_32139_31660_32045_31321; BDSVRTM=0
  39.             Host: www.baidu.com
  40.             Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: '1'
  41.             User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML,
  42.                 like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.80 Safari/537.36
  43.         method: GET
  44.         url: https://www.baidu.com/
  45.     validate:
  46.     -   eq:
  47.         - status_code
  48.         - 200
  49.     -   eq:
  50.         - headers.Content-Type
  51.         - text/html;charset=utf-8

转换为JSON：

har2case baidu_home.har -2j


可以看的对应的json文件：

  1. {
  2.     "config": {
  3.         "name": "testcase description",
  4.         "variables": {},
  5.         "verify": false
  6.     },
  7.     "teststeps": [
  8.         {
  9.             "name": "/",
  10.             "request": {
  11.                 "url": "https://www.baidu.com/",
  12.                 "method": "GET",
  13.                 "cookies": {
  14.                     "PSTM": "1582766561",
  15.                     "BAIDUID": "5F919C7A22A02E55FBC58E932E7495CD:FG=1",
  16.                     "BD_UPN": "12314353",
  17.                     "BIDUPSID": "B2A8970CF5106170D98A137A26C533F7",
  18.                     "H_WISE_SIDS": "143933_142621_143879_144883_139041_141744_145870_144419_144135_145271_136863_131247_144682_137745_138883_140259_141941_127969_144790_140593_143491_144376_131423_114552_142206_145910_144501_125695_107313_139909_145654_143477_144966_140367_145423_144535_145305_145399_143857_139914_110085",
  19.                     "BDUSS": "ldaMkhYZjEtLTJQbFhQUTJtU3pwTGhnRVJkeE9YUmNzU2tRRExoZDE3N2hvfmxlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAABJufAYUTc2Nzc2MDMyNQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOEW0l7hFtJeQ",
  20.                     "BDORZ": "B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598",
  21.                     "BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]": "I67x6TjHwwYf0",
  22.                     "delPer": "0",
  23.                     "BD_CK_SAM": "1",
  24.                     "PSINO": "5",
  25.                     "BD_HOME": "1",
  26.                     "__yjsv5_shitong": "1.0_7_47374759f3e4680e7c7afb4a907cb9d2e37d_300_1593325350568_112.80.30.194_b17302a9",
  27.                     "yjs_js_security_passport": "db59f16989e33eb07a57bd9928ad960ce36495c4_1593325351_js",
  28.                     "H_PS_645EC": "8043uGVfepN6KMlbDns%2FO0qiazHvEYcE62vhF1luCcNa%2FgwzKQEQq2epcrqdNRvj4iby",
  29.                     "H_PS_PSSID": "32095_1445_31672_21106_32139_31660_32045_31321",
  30.                     "BDSVRTM": "0"
  31.                 },
  32.                 "headers": {
  33.                     "Host": "www.baidu.com",
  34.                     "Connection": "keep-alive",
  35.                     "Upgrade-Insecure-Requests": "1",
  36.                     "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.80 Safari/537.36",
  37.                     "Accept": "text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3",
  38.                     "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
  39.                     "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
  40.                     "Cookie": "PSTM=1582766561; BAIDUID=5F919C7A22A02E55FBC58E932E7495CD:FG=1; BD_UPN=12314353; BIDUPSID=B2A8970CF5106170D98A137A26C533F7; H_WISE_SIDS=143933_142621_143879_144883_139041_141744_145870_144419_144135_145271_136863_131247_144682_137745_138883_140259_141941_127969_144790_140593_143491_144376_131423_114552_142206_145910_144501_125695_107313_139909_145654_143477_144966_140367_145423_144535_145305_145399_143857_139914_110085; BDUSS=ldaMkhYZjEtLTJQbFhQUTJtU3pwTGhnRVJkeE9YUmNzU2tRRExoZDE3N2hvfmxlSVFBQUFBJCQAAAAAAAAAAAEAAABJufAYUTc2Nzc2MDMyNQAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAOEW0l7hFtJeQ; BDORZ=B490B5EBF6F3CD402E515D22BCDA1598; BDRCVFR[feWj1Vr5u3D]=I67x6TjHwwYf0; delPer=0; BD_CK_SAM=1; PSINO=5; BD_HOME=1; __yjsv5_shitong=1.0_7_47374759f3e4680e7c7afb4a907cb9d2e37d_300_1593325350568_112.80.30.194_b17302a9; yjs_js_security_passport=db59f16989e33eb07a57bd9928ad960ce36495c4_1593325351_js; H_PS_645EC=8043uGVfepN6KMlbDns%2FO0qiazHvEYcE62vhF1luCcNa%2FgwzKQEQq2epcrqdNRvj4iby; H_PS_PSSID=32095_1445_31672_21106_32139_31660_32045_31321; BDSVRTM=0"
  41.                 }
  42.             },
  43.             "validate": [
  44.                 {
  45.                     "eq": [
  46.                         "status_code",
  47.                         200
  48.                     ]
  49.                 },
  50.                 {
  51.                     "eq": [
  52.                         "headers.Content-Type",
  53.                         "text/html;charset=utf-8"
  54.                     ]
  55.                 }
  56.             ]
  57.         }
  58.     ]
  59. }

以上转换出的pytest、yaml、json这3种格式的文件效果都是一样的，用hrun都可以运行，但是用pytest执行的话只可以运行.py的文件了。

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