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通过计算机对业务流程的自动化管理。工作流是建立在业务流程的基础上,一个软件的系统核心根本上还是系统的业务流程,工作流只是协助进行业务流程管理。
解决的是:在多个参与者之间按照某种预定义的规则自动进行传递文档、信息或任务的过程,从而实现某个预期的业务目标
概念:具有工作流功能的系统
比如,OA、ERP系统,可能涉及工作流,都可以叫工作流系统
原始方式:就是采用状态值来跟踪流程的变化,通过这个值去决定不同用户是否展示,耦合度高
新的工作流引擎,可以灵活调整,实现简单
具体参考官网:https://tkjohn.github.io/flowable-userguide/#_introduction
Flowable是一个使用Java编写的轻量级业务流程引擎。Flowable流程引擎可用于部署BPMN 2.0流程定义(用于定义流程的行业XML标准), 创建这些流程定义的流程实例,进行查询,访问运行中或历史的流程实例与相关数据,等等。
业务流程管理,一种规范化的构造端到端的业务流程,提高组织业务效率。
业务流程模型和符号,由BPMI 开发的一套标准的业务流程建模符号,使用BPMN提供的符号可以创建业务流程。
一般就是用来画我们需要的流程图。
常用符号
使用符号定义一个流程图
修复了activiti6很多的bug,可以实现零成本从activiti迁移到flowable。flowable目前已经支持加签、动态增加实例中的节点、支持cmmn、dmn规范。这些都是activiti6目前版本没有的。
地址1:https://github.com/flowable/flowable-engine/releases/tag/flowable-6.8.1
下载慢的话,可以使用代理网站:https://mirror.ghproxy.com/
地址2:https://flowable.com/open-source/downloads/
下载解压后,打开目录的wars
将目录下的flowable-rest.war和flowable-ui.war复制到tomcat的webapps目录下, 然后找到 tomcat / bin / startup.bat 启动 tomcat,等待一段时间,所有war包都会解压
修改配置文件,\webapps\flowable-ui\WEB-INF\classes flowable-default.properties,找到spring.datasource的相关配置项,改为自己的数据库连接,重启tomcat
访问 http://127.0.0.1:8080/flowable-ui,用户名:admin,密码:test
界面如下:
运行flowable目录下的\database\create\all中的flowable.mysql.all.create.sql文件
一般数据
流程历史记录
流程定义表
运行实例表
自己搭建一个项目,使用JDK8
1、添加依赖
<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!--flowable工作流依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>org.flowable</groupId> <artifactId>flowable-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>6.8.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <scope>runtime</scope> </dependency> </dependencies>
2、配置application.properties
server.port=8085
#datasource
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/flowable?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=root
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
#关闭定时任务JOB
flowable.async-executor-activate=false
3、定义流程文件
采用一个开源项目中的流程文件,命名为ExpenseProcess.bpmn20.xml,并将其放于项目中的resource目录下的processes
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <definitions xmlns="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/MODEL" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:flowable="http://flowable.org/bpmn" xmlns:bpmndi="http://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/20100524/DI" xmlns:omgdc="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DC" xmlns:omgdi="http://www.omg.org/spec/DD/20100524/DI" typeLanguage="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" expressionLanguage="http://www.w3.org/1999/XPath" targetNamespace="http://www.flowable.org/processdef"> <process id="Expense" name="ExpenseProcess" isExecutable="true"> <documentation>报销流程</documentation> <startEvent id="start" name="开始"></startEvent> <userTask id="fillTask" name="出差报销" flowable:assignee="${taskUser}"> <extensionElements> <modeler:initiator-can-complete xmlns:modeler="http://flowable.org/modeler"> <![CDATA[false]]></modeler:initiator-can-complete> </extensionElements> </userTask> <exclusiveGateway id="judgeTask"></exclusiveGateway> <userTask id="directorTak" name="经理审批"> <extensionElements> <flowable:taskListener event="create" class="cn.forlan.flowable.handler.ManagerTaskHandler"></flowable:taskListener> </extensionElements> </userTask> <userTask id="bossTask" name="老板审批"> <extensionElements> <flowable:taskListener event="create" class="cn.forlan.flowable.handler.BossTaskHandler"></flowable:taskListener> </extensionElements> </userTask> <endEvent id="end" name="结束"></endEvent> <sequenceFlow id="directorNotPassFlow" name="驳回" sourceRef="directorTak" targetRef="fillTask"> <conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression"><![CDATA[${outcome=='驳回'}]]></conditionExpression> </sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="bossNotPassFlow" name="驳回" sourceRef="bossTask" targetRef="fillTask"> <conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression"><![CDATA[${outcome=='驳回'}]]></conditionExpression> </sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="flow1" sourceRef="start" targetRef="fillTask"></sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="flow2" sourceRef="fillTask" targetRef="judgeTask"></sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="judgeMore" name="大于500元" sourceRef="judgeTask" targetRef="bossTask"> <conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression"><![CDATA[${money > 500}]]></conditionExpression> </sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="bossPassFlow" name="通过" sourceRef="bossTask" targetRef="end"> <conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression"><![CDATA[${outcome=='通过'}]]></conditionExpression> </sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="directorPassFlow" name="通过" sourceRef="directorTak" targetRef="end"> <conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression"><![CDATA[${outcome=='通过'}]]></conditionExpression> </sequenceFlow> <sequenceFlow id="judgeLess" name="小于500元" sourceRef="judgeTask" targetRef="directorTak"> <conditionExpression xsi:type="tFormalExpression"><![CDATA[${money <= 500}]]></conditionExpression> </sequenceFlow> </process> <!-- 如果使用图形化建模工具,实际的XML文件还将包含“可视化部分”,用于描述图形信息, 如流程定义中各个元素的坐标(所有的图形化信息包含在XML的BPMNDiagram标签中,作为definitions标签的子元素) --> <bpmndi:BPMNDiagram id="BPMNDiagram_Expense"> <bpmndi:BPMNPlane bpmnElement="Expense" id="BPMNPlane_Expense"> <bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement="start" id="BPMNShape_start"> <omgdc:Bounds height="30.0" width="30.0" x="285.0" y="135.0"></omgdc:Bounds> </bpmndi:BPMNShape> <bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement="fillTask" id="BPMNShape_fillTask"> <omgdc:Bounds height="80.0" width="100.0" x="405.0" y="110.0"></omgdc:Bounds> </bpmndi:BPMNShape> <bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement="judgeTask" id="BPMNShape_judgeTask"> <omgdc:Bounds height="40.0" width="40.0" x="585.0" y="130.0"></omgdc:Bounds> </bpmndi:BPMNShape> <bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement="directorTak" id="BPMNShape_directorTak"> <omgdc:Bounds height="80.0" width="100.0" x="735.0" y="110.0"></omgdc:Bounds> </bpmndi:BPMNShape> <bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement="bossTask" id="BPMNShape_bossTask"> <omgdc:Bounds height="80.0" width="100.0" x="555.0" y="255.0"></omgdc:Bounds> </bpmndi:BPMNShape> <bpmndi:BPMNShape bpmnElement="end" id="BPMNShape_end"> <omgdc:Bounds height="28.0" width="28.0" x="771.0" y="281.0"></omgdc:Bounds> </bpmndi:BPMNShape> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="flow1" id="BPMNEdge_flow1"> <omgdi:waypoint x="315.0" y="150.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="405.0" y="150.0"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="flow2" id="BPMNEdge_flow2"> <omgdi:waypoint x="505.0" y="150.16611295681062"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="585.4333333333333" y="150.43333333333334"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="judgeLess" id="BPMNEdge_judgeLess"> <omgdi:waypoint x="624.5530726256983" y="150.44692737430168"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="735.0" y="150.1392757660167"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="directorNotPassFlow" id="BPMNEdge_directorNotPassFlow"> <omgdi:waypoint x="785.0" y="110.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="785.0" y="37.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="455.0" y="37.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="455.0" y="110.0"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="bossPassFlow" id="BPMNEdge_bossPassFlow"> <omgdi:waypoint x="655.0" y="295.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="771.0" y="295.0"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="judgeMore" id="BPMNEdge_judgeMore"> <omgdi:waypoint x="605.4340277777778" y="169.56597222222223"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="605.1384083044983" y="255.0"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="directorPassFlow" id="BPMNEdge_directorPassFlow"> <omgdi:waypoint x="785.0" y="190.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="785.0" y="281.0"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> <bpmndi:BPMNEdge bpmnElement="bossNotPassFlow" id="BPMNEdge_bossNotPassFlow"> <omgdi:waypoint x="555.0" y="295.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="455.0" y="295.0"></omgdi:waypoint> <omgdi:waypoint x="455.0" y="190.0"></omgdi:waypoint> </bpmndi:BPMNEdge> </bpmndi:BPMNPlane> </bpmndi:BPMNDiagram> </definitions>
其中的两个代理类为:
import org.flowable.engine.delegate.TaskListener; import org.flowable.task.service.delegate.DelegateTask; public class ManagerTaskHandler implements TaskListener { @Override public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) { delegateTask.setAssignee("经理"); } } import org.flowable.engine.delegate.TaskListener; import org.flowable.task.service.delegate.DelegateTask; public class BossTaskHandler implements TaskListener { @Override public void notify(DelegateTask delegateTask) { delegateTask.setAssignee("老板"); } }
为了方便,也可以去掉这两个JAVA类,将其对应的task改写为如下的形式:<userTask id="holidayApprovedTask" name="Holiday approved" flowable:assignee="${employee}"/>
框架启动的时候,它会默认加载resource目录下的processes内容,就可以将此流程配置加载到数据库进行持久化了
整体结构
import org.flowable.bpmn.model.BpmnModel; import org.flowable.engine.*; import org.flowable.engine.runtime.Execution; import org.flowable.engine.runtime.ProcessInstance; import org.flowable.image.ProcessDiagramGenerator; import org.flowable.task.api.Task; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; @Controller @RequestMapping(value = "expense") public class ExpenseController { @Autowired private RuntimeService runtimeService; @Autowired private TaskService taskService; @Autowired private RepositoryService repositoryService; @Autowired private ProcessEngine processEngine; }
开始流程:添加报销
@RequestMapping(value = "add")
@ResponseBody
public String addExpense(String userId, Integer money, String descption) {
//启动流程
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("taskUser", userId);
map.put("money", money);
ProcessInstance processInstance = runtimeService.startProcessInstanceByKey("Expense", map);
return "提交成功.流程Id为:" + processInstance.getId();
}
获取审批管理列表
@RequestMapping(value = "/list")
@ResponseBody
public Object list(String userId) {
List<Task> tasks = taskService.createTaskQuery().taskAssignee(userId).orderByTaskCreateTime().desc().list();
for (Task task : tasks) {
System.out.println(task.toString());
}
return tasks.stream().map(Object::toString).collect(Collectors.joining(", "));
}
批准
@RequestMapping(value = "apply")
@ResponseBody
public String apply(String taskId) {
Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().taskId(taskId).singleResult();
if (task == null) {
throw new RuntimeException("流程不存在");
}
//通过审核
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("outcome", "通过");
taskService.complete(taskId, map);
return "processed ok!";
拒绝
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "reject")
public String reject(String taskId) {
HashMap<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
map.put("outcome", "驳回");
taskService.complete(taskId, map);
return "reject";
}
生成流程图
@RequestMapping(value = "processDiagram") public void genProcessDiagram(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, String processId) throws Exception { ProcessInstance pi = runtimeService.createProcessInstanceQuery().processInstanceId(processId).singleResult(); //流程走完的不显示图 if (pi == null) { return; } Task task = taskService.createTaskQuery().processInstanceId(pi.getId()).singleResult(); //使用流程实例ID,查询正在执行的执行对象表,返回流程实例对象 String InstanceId = task.getProcessInstanceId(); List<Execution> executions = runtimeService .createExecutionQuery() .processInstanceId(InstanceId) .list(); //得到正在执行的Activity的Id List<String> activityIds = new ArrayList<>(); List<String> flows = new ArrayList<>(); for (Execution exe : executions) { List<String> ids = runtimeService.getActiveActivityIds(exe.getId()); activityIds.addAll(ids); } //获取流程图 BpmnModel bpmnModel = repositoryService.getBpmnModel(pi.getProcessDefinitionId()); ProcessEngineConfiguration engconf = processEngine.getProcessEngineConfiguration(); ProcessDiagramGenerator diagramGenerator = engconf.getProcessDiagramGenerator(); InputStream in = diagramGenerator.generateDiagram(bpmnModel, "png", activityIds, flows, engconf.getActivityFontName(), engconf.getLabelFontName(), engconf.getAnnotationFontName(), engconf.getClassLoader(), 1.0, false); OutputStream out = null; byte[] buf = new byte[1024]; int legth = 0; try { out = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream(); while ((legth = in.read(buf)) != -1) { out.write(buf, 0, legth); } } finally { if (in != null) { in.close(); } if (out != null) { out.close(); } } }
注:如果流程中出现中文乱码,则需要进配置下字体:创建一个config文件夹,创建一个FlowableConfig.java文件
@Configuration
public class FlowableConfig implements EngineConfigurationConfigurer<SpringProcessEngineConfiguration> {
@Override
public void configure(SpringProcessEngineConfiguration engineConfiguration) {
engineConfiguration.setActivityFontName("宋体");
engineConfiguration.setLabelFontName("宋体");
engineConfiguration.setAnnotationFontName("宋体");
}
}
访问:http://localhost:8085/expense/add?userId=forlan&money=100000
返回:提交成功.流程Id为:be4cbfb6-e65a-11ee-8388-04d9f509c2e3
访问:http://localhost:8085/expense/list?userId=forlan
返回:Task[id=be4f7edd-e65a-11ee-8388-04d9f509c2e3, key=fillTask, name=出差报销]
访问:http://localhost:8085/expense/reject?taskId=be4f7edd-e65a-11ee-8388-04d9f509c2e3
返回:reject
访问:http://localhost:8085/expense/processDiagram?processId=be4cbfb6-e65a-11ee-8388-04d9f509c2e3
使用步骤如下:
出现错误:JpaTransactionConfiguration required a bean of type ‘javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory’ that could not be found.
出现错误:Could not update Flowable database schema: unknown version from database: ‘6.8.1.0’
解决,增加配置flowable.database-schema-update=false
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