赞
踩
是这样的,之前接了一个金主的单子,他想在淘宝开个小鱼零食的网店,想对目前这个市场上的商品做一些分析,本来手动去做统计和分析也是可以的,这些信息都是对外展示的,只是手动比较麻烦,所以想托我去帮个忙。
具体的要求如下:
1.在淘宝搜索“小鱼零食”,想知道前10页搜索结果的所有商品的销量和金额,按照他划定好的价格区间来统计数量,给我划分了如下的一张价格区间表:
2.这10页搜索结果中,商家都是分布在全国的哪些位置?
3.这10页的商品下面,用户评论最多的是什么?
4.从这些搜索结果中,找出销量最多的10家店铺名字和店铺链接。
从这些要求来看,其实这些需求也不难实现,我们先来看一下项目的效果。
获取到数据之后做了下分析,最终做成了柱状图,鼠标移动可以看出具体的商品数量。
在10~30元之间的商品最多,越往后越少,看来大多数的产品都是定位为低端市场。
然后我们再来看一下全国商家的分布情况:
可以看出,商家分布大多都是在沿海和长江中下游附近,其中以沿海地区最为密集。
然后再来看一下用户都在商品下面评论了一些什么:
字最大的就表示出现次数最多,口感味道、包装品质、商品分量和保质期是用户评价最多的几个方面,那么在产品包装的时候可以从这几个方面去做针对性阐述,解决大多数人比较关心的问题。
最后就是销量前10的店铺和链接了。
在拿到数据并做了分析之后,我也在想,如果这个东西是我来做的话,我能不能看出来什么东西?或许可以从价格上找到切入点,或许可以从产品地理位置打个差异化,又或许可以以用户为中心,由外而内地做营销。
越往深想,越觉得有门道,算了,对于小鱼零食这一块我是外行,不多想了。
由于源码分了几个源文件,还是比较长的,所以这里就不跟大家一一讲解了,懂爬虫的人看几遍就看懂了,不懂爬虫的说再多也是云里雾里,等以后学会了爬虫再来看就懂了。
- import csv
- import os
- import time
- import wordcloud
- from selenium import webdriver
- from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
-
-
-
-
- def tongji():
- prices = []
- with open('前十页销量和金额.csv', 'r', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as f:
- fieldnames = ['价格', '销量', '店铺位置']
- reader = csv.DictReader(f, fieldnames=fieldnames)
- for index, i in enumerate(reader):
- if index != 0:
- price = float(i['价格'].replace('¥', ''))
- prices.append(price)
- DATAS = {'<10': 0, '10~30': 0, '30~50': 0,
- '50~70': 0, '70~90': 0, '90~110': 0,
- '110~130': 0, '130~150': 0, '150~170': 0, '170~200': 0, }
- for price in prices:
- if price < 10:
- DATAS['<10'] += 1
- elif 10 <= price < 30:
- DATAS['10~30'] += 1
- elif 30 <= price < 50:
- DATAS['30~50'] += 1
- elif 50 <= price < 70:
- DATAS['50~70'] += 1
- elif 70 <= price < 90:
- DATAS['70~90'] += 1
- elif 90 <= price < 110:
- DATAS['90~110'] += 1
- elif 110 <= price < 130:
- DATAS['110~130'] += 1
- elif 130 <= price < 150:
- DATAS['130~150'] += 1
- elif 150 <= price < 170:
- DATAS['150~170'] += 1
- elif 170 <= price < 200:
- DATAS['170~200'] += 1
-
-
- for k, v in DATAS.items():
- print(k, ':', v)
-
-
-
-
- def get_the_top_10(url):
- top_ten = []
- # 获取代理
- ip = zhima1()[2][random.randint(0, 399)]
- # 运行quicker动作(可以不用管)
- os.system('"C:\Program Files\Quicker\QuickerStarter.exe" runaction:5e3abcd2-9271-47b6-8eaf-3e7c8f4935d8')
- options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
- # 远程调试Chrome
- options.add_experimental_option('debuggerAddress', '127.0.0.1:9222')
- options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server={ip}')
- driver = webdriver.Chrome(optinotallow=options)
- # 隐式等待
- driver.implicitly_wait(3)
- # 打开网页
- driver.get(url)
- # 点击部分文字包含'销量'的网页元素
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '销量').click()
- time.sleep(1)
- # 页面滑动到最下方
- driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
- time.sleep(1)
- # 查找元素
- element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'mainsrp-itemlist').find_element(By.XPATH, './/div[@class="items"]')
- items = element.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/div[@data-category="auctions"]')
- for index, item in enumerate(items):
- if index == 10:
- break
- # 查找元素
- price = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[contains(@class,"price")]').text
- paid_num_data = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[@class="deal-cnt"]').text
- store_location = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[3]/div[@class="location"]').text
- store_href = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[@class="row row-2 title"]/a').get_attribute(
- 'href').strip()
- # 将数据添加到字典
- top_ten.append(
- {'价格': price,
- '销量': paid_num_data,
- '店铺位置': store_location,
- '店铺链接': store_href
- })
-
-
- for i in top_ten:
- print(i)
-
-
-
-
- def get_top_10_comments(url):
- with open('排名前十评价.txt', 'w+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
- pass
- # ip = ipidea()[1]
- os.system('"C:\Program Files\Quicker\QuickerStarter.exe" runaction:5e3abcd2-9271-47b6-8eaf-3e7c8f4935d8')
- options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
- options.add_experimental_option('debuggerAddress', '127.0.0.1:9222')
- # options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server={ip}')
- driver = webdriver.Chrome(optinotallow=options)
- driver.implicitly_wait(3)
- driver.get(url)
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '销量').click()
- time.sleep(1)
- element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'mainsrp-itemlist').find_element(By.XPATH, './/div[@class="items"]')
- items = element.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/div[@data-category="auctions"]')
- original_handle = driver.current_window_handle
- item_hrefs = []
- # 先获取前十的链接
- for index, item in enumerate(items):
- if index == 10:
- break
- item_hrefs.append(
- item.find_element(By.XPATH, './/div[2]/div[@class="row row-2 title"]/a').get_attribute('href').strip())
- # 爬取前十每个商品评价
- for item_href in item_hrefs:
- # 打开新标签
- # item_href = 'https://item.taobao.com/item.htm?id=523351391646&ns=1&abbucket=11#detail'
- driver.execute_script(f'window.open("{item_href}")')
- # 切换过去
- handles = driver.window_handles
- driver.switch_to.window(handles[-1])
-
-
- # 页面向下滑动一部分,直到让评价那两个字显示出来
- try:
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '评价').click()
- except Exception as e1:
- try:
- x = driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '评价').location_once_scrolled_into_view
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '评价').click()
- except Exception as e2:
- try:
- # 先向下滑动100,放置评价2个字没显示在屏幕内
- driver.execute_script('var q=document.documentElement.scrollTop=100')
- x = driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '评价').location_once_scrolled_into_view
- except Exception as e3:
- driver.find_element(By.XPATH, '/html/body/div[6]/div/div[3]/div[2]/div/div[2]/ul/li[2]/a').click()
- time.sleep(1)
- try:
- trs = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//div[@class="rate-grid"]/table/tbody/tr')
- for index, tr in enumerate(trs):
- if index == 0:
- comments = tr.find_element(By.XPATH, './td[1]/div[1]/div/div').text.strip()
- else:
- try:
- comments = tr.find_element(By.XPATH,
- './td[1]/div[1]/div[@class="tm-rate-fulltxt"]').text.strip()
- except Exception as e:
- comments = tr.find_element(By.XPATH,
- './td[1]/div[1]/div[@class="tm-rate-content"]/div[@class="tm-rate-fulltxt"]').text.strip()
- with open('排名前十评价.txt', 'a+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
- f.write(comments + '\n')
- print(comments)
- except Exception as e:
- lis = driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, '//div[@class="J_KgRate_MainReviews"]/div[@class="tb-revbd"]/ul/li')
- for li in lis:
- comments = li.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div/div[1]').text.strip()
- with open('排名前十评价.txt', 'a+', encoding='utf-8') as f:
- f.write(comments + '\n')
- print(comments)
-
-
-
-
- def get_top_10_comments_wordcloud():
- file = '排名前十评价.txt'
- f = open(file, encoding='utf-8')
- txt = f.read()
- f.close()
-
-
- w = wordcloud.WordCloud(width=1000,
- height=700,
- background_color='white',
- font_path='msyh.ttc')
- # 创建词云对象,并设置生成图片的属性
-
-
- w.generate(txt)
- name = file.replace('.txt', '')
- w.to_file(name + '词云.png')
- os.startfile(name + '词云.png')
-
-
-
-
- def get_10_pages_datas():
- with open('前十页销量和金额.csv', 'w+', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as f:
- f.write('\ufeff')
- fieldnames = ['价格', '销量', '店铺位置']
- writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=fieldnames)
- writer.writeheader()
- infos = []
- options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
- options.add_experimental_option('debuggerAddress', '127.0.0.1:9222')
- # options.add_argument(f'--proxy-server={ip}')
- driver = webdriver.Chrome(optinotallow=options)
- driver.implicitly_wait(3)
- driver.get(url)
- # driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
- element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'mainsrp-itemlist').find_element(By.XPATH, './/div[@class="items"]')
- items = element.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/div[@data-category="auctions"]')
- for index, item in enumerate(items):
- price = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[contains(@class,"price")]').text
- paid_num_data = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[@class="deal-cnt"]').text
- store_location = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[3]/div[@class="location"]').text
- infos.append(
- {'价格': price,
- '销量': paid_num_data,
- '店铺位置': store_location})
- try:
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '下一').click()
- except Exception as e:
- driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '下一').click()
- for i in range(9):
- time.sleep(1)
- driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
- element = driver.find_element(By.ID, 'mainsrp-itemlist').find_element(By.XPATH, './/div[@class="items"]')
- items = element.find_elements(By.XPATH, './/div[@data-category="auctions"]')
- for index, item in enumerate(items):
- try:
- price = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[contains(@class,"price")]').text
- except Exception:
- time.sleep(1)
- driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
- price = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[contains(@class,"price")]').text
- paid_num_data = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[1]/div[@class="deal-cnt"]').text
- store_location = item.find_element(By.XPATH, './div[2]/div[3]/div[@class="location"]').text
- infos.append(
- {'价格': price,
- '销量': paid_num_data,
- '店铺位置': store_location})
- try:
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '下一').click()
- except Exception as e:
- driver.execute_script('window.scrollTo(0,document.body.scrollHeight)')
- driver.find_element(By.PARTIAL_LINK_TEXT, '下一').click()
- # 一页结束
- for info in infos:
- print(info)
- with open('前十页销量和金额.csv', 'a+', encoding='utf-8', newline='') as f:
- fieldnames = ['价格', '销量', '店铺位置']
- writer = csv.DictWriter(f, fieldnames=fieldnames)
- for info in infos:
- writer.writerow(info)
-
-
-
-
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- url = 'https://s.taobao.com/search?q=%E5%B0%8F%E9%B1%BC%E9%9B%B6%E9%A3%9F&imgfile=&commend=all&ssid=s5-e&search_type=item&sourceId=tb.index&spm=a21bo.21814703.201856-taobao-item.1&ie=utf8&initiative_id=tbindexz_20170306&bcoffset=4&ntoffset=4&p4ppushleft=2%2C48&s=0'
- # get_10_pages_datas()
- # tongji()
- # get_the_top_10(url)
- # get_top_10_comments(url)
- get_top_10_comments_wordcloud()
通过上面的代码,我们能获取到想要获取的数据,然后再Bar和Geo进行柱状图和地理位置分布展示,这两块大家可以去摸索一下。
Copyright © 2003-2013 www.wpsshop.cn 版权所有,并保留所有权利。