RedHat-8.0配置yum仓库（基于CentOS-7源在线安装）_updating subscription management repositories. una

01、测试yum仓库是否能正常使用

[root@bogon ~]# yum install vsftpd
Updating Subscription Management repositories.
Unable to read consumer identity
This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register.
Error: There are no enabled repos.
[root@bogon ~]# 

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报错：系统未注册。说明该yum仓库功能无法正常使用，而 RedHat自带的仓库又需要付费才能使用，身为技术人，花钱买技术那是不可能的。
解决办法：更换为Centos-7的yum源

02、yum常用命令

yum list （功能描述：列出所有可用的package和package组）
yum clean all （功能描述：清除所有缓冲数据）
yum deplist httpd （功能描述：列出一个包所有依赖的包）
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03、前期准备工作

1）确定redhat操作系统可以上网，如果是在虚拟机上安装的系统，可以讲系统的网络诺配置器改成NAT模式，如图所示，只要主机能上网，则虚拟机中的操作系统就可以上网。

2）下载适合redhat版本的repo文件（本文以CentOS-7为例），下载地址：
repo下载地址

04、将下载下来的repo拷贝至redhat系统的yum.repos.d文件夹中

[root@bogon ~]#cp /tmp/pkg/Centos-7.repo /etc/yum.repos.d
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05、查看系统自身安装的yum软件包

[root@bogon ~]#  rpm -qa | grep yum
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06、卸载所有自带yum软件包

[root@bogon ~]# rpm -e 软件包名称 --nodeps  #可以使用简称如 rpm -e yum-* --nodeps
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07、修改04步骤中上传的Centos-7.repo文件内容

07-01、首先备份/etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo

[root@bogon ~]#mv /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-8.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-8.repo.backup
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07-02、修改Centos-7.repo文件中的内容

查看更改前文件内容：

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# cat Centos-7.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/$releasever/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[root@bogon yum.repos.d]# 
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更改内容：
1）将无效的网络地址删除掉或者注释（本文中采用删除的方式，将内网地址删除掉）
2）将文中的$releasever 替换成 要采用的redhat系统版本号（本文的为7）
其他版本号可以查看网址：CentOS版本号

[root@bogon ~]# vim /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo
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更改后的Centos-7.repo文件内容：

[root@bogon ~]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/Centos-7.repo
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-7 - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-7 - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7 - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7 - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-7 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

[root@bogon ~]# 

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08、清除缓存

[root@bogon ~]# yum clean all
-bash: /usr/bin/yum: No such file or directory
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报错：-bash: /usr/bin/yum: No such file or directory 没有文件或者文件夹
解决方法：需要安装yum命令。执行如下命令：

[root@bogon ~]# rpm -ivh --nodeps https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/yum-3.4.3-168.el7.centos.noarch.rpm 
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结果：

查看可用 yum repolist all 结果如下：

yum源可以正常访问。
重新执行命令清除缓存。

09、将服务器上的软件包信息缓存到本地,以提高搜索安装软件的速度

[root@bogon ~]# yum makecache
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10、开始使用yum在线安装软件吧！

（注意：Redhat的注册提示信息仍会出现，但可以正常使用yum功能）
因为镜像网站会存在更新，文件位置可能会发生变化，请在使用过程中根据CentOS-7镜像文件信息镜像源网站里的信息自行调整。