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基于easyx库的C/C++游戏编程实例-贪吃蛇|

作者：我家自动化 | 2024-06-23 18:07:47

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基于easyx库的C/C++游戏编程实例-贪吃蛇|

贪吃蛇|双人贪吃蛇游戏设计

1.设计物体结构

蛇结构：

  1. struct SnakePlayer
  2. {
  3. 	int size;
  4. 	int r;
  5. 	int dir;
  6. 	int speed;
  7. 	POINT pos[SNAKE_SIZE];
  8. 	bool live;
  9. 	int score;
  10. }snake;

食物结构：

  1. struct Food
  2. {
  3. 	int x;
  4. 	int y;
  5. 	int r;
  6. 	bool flag;
  7. 	DWORD color;
  8. }food,foodtest[FOOD_SIZE];
2.游戏初始化
  1. void GameInit()
  2. {
  3. 	//播放背景音乐
  4. 	mciSendString(_T("open ./res/Snake_BGM.mp3 alias BGM"), 0, 0, 0);
  5. 	mciSendString(_T("play BGM repeat"), 0, 0, 0);
  6. 	//创建一个窗口，控制窗口台是自动创建的，图形窗口是需要自己手动创建的(后加 SHOWCONSOLE)
  7. 	initgraph(WIN_WIDTH, WIN_HEIGHT);
  8. 	//加载开始界面
  9. 	loadimage(&bg, _T("./res/Snake_Background.jpg"));
  10. 	putimage(0, 0, &bg);
  11. 	//让随机数每次进入时都不同，只调用一次！！！
  12. 	srand(GetTickCount());
  13. 	//开始界面
  14. 	setbkmode(TRANSPARENT);//设置透明背景
  15. 	settextcolor(GREEN);
  16. 	settextstyle(60, 0, _T("黑体"));
  17. 	outtextxy(WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2 - 70,_T("贪吃蛇" ));
  18. 	settextstyle(20, 0, _T("黑体"));
  19. 	outtextxy(WIDTH / 2 + 30, HEIGHT / 2 + 20, _T("按'C'开始游戏" ));
  20. 	while (!GetAsyncKeyState('C'));
  21. 	//蛇初始状态
  22. 	snake.size = SIZE_BEGIN;
  23. 	snake.r = R_BEGIN;
  24. 	snake.dir = RIGHT;
  25. 	snake.speed=SPEED_MIN;
  26. 	snake.live = true;
  27. 	snake.score = 0;
  28. 	for (int i = 0; i < snake.size; i++)
  29. 	{
  30. 		snake.pos[i].x = X_BEGIN - 10 * i;
  31. 		snake.pos[i].y = Y_BEGIN;
  32. 	}
  33. 	//产生食物
  34. 	ProduceFood();
  35. }
3.游戏界面加载
  1. void GameDraw()
  2. {
  3. 	BeginBatchDraw();
  4. 	setbkcolor(RGB(28, 115, 119));
  5. 	cleardevice();//是用当前背景色清空屏幕，并将当前点移至 (0, 0)，EASYX自带
  6.  
  7. 	//游戏外界面
  8. 	settextcolor(GREEN);
  9. 	settextstyle(50, 0, _T("黑体"));
  10. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 20, _T("贪吃蛇" ));
  11. 	settextstyle(20, 0, _T("黑体"));
  12. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 120, _T("开始/继续游戏——C"));
  13. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 150, _T("重新开始——M"));
  14. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 180, _T("暂停游戏——空格"));
  15. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 210,_T("上——W或↑"));
  16. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 240,_T("下——S或↓"));
  17. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 270, _T("左——A或←"));
  18. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 300,_T("右——D或→"));
  19. 	outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 330, _T("加速——B"));
  20.  
  21. 	//line(0, HEIGHT, WIDTH, HEIGHT);//画直线
  22. 	rectangle(0, 0, WIDTH, HEIGHT);//画矩形边框
  23.  
  24. 	settextcolor(BLACK);
  25. 	settextstyle(20, 0, _T("黑体"));
  26. 	outtextxy(10, HEIGHT + 5,_T("当前分数："));
  27.  
  28. 	char t[SNAKE_SIZE];
  29. 	sprintf_s(t, "%d", snake.score);
  30. 	outtextxy(140, HEIGHT + 5, *t);
  31.  
  32. 	for (int i = 0; i < snake.size; i++)
  33. 	{
  34. 		setfillcolor(RED);
  35. 		solidcircle(snake.pos[i].x, snake.pos[i].y, snake.r);
  36. 	}
  37. 	if (food.flag)
  38. 	{
  39. 		setfillcolor(food.color);
  40. 		solidcircle(food.x, food.y, food.r);
  41. 	}
  42. 	/*//测试用
  43. 	for (int j = 0; j < FOOD_SIZE; j++)
  44. 	{
  45. 		if (foodtest[j].flag)
  46. 		{
  47. 			setfillcolor(foodtest[j].color);
  48. 			solidcircle(foodtest[j].x, foodtest[j].y, foodtest[j].r);
  49. 		}
  50. 	}*/
  51. 	EndBatchDraw();
  52. }
4.随机生成一个食物
  1. void ProduceFood()
  2. {
  3. 	food.r = rand() % 3 + 7;
  4. 	//随机生成食物位置，不能在蛇的身体上
  5. 	food.x = rand() % (WIDTH - 30) + food.r;
  6. 	food.y = rand() % (HEIGHT - 30) + food.r;
  7. 	while(1)
  8. 	{
  9. 		int i = 0;
  10. 		for(; i < snake.size; i++)
  11. 		{
  12. 			if (snake.pos[i].x + snake.r >= food.x - food.r && snake.pos[i].x - snake.r <= food.x + food.r
  13. 				&& snake.pos[i].y + snake.r >= food.y - food.r && snake.pos[i].y - snake.r <= food.y + food.r)
  14. 			{
  15. 				food.x = rand() % (WIDTH - 30) + food.r;
  16. 				food.y = rand() % (HEIGHT - 30) + food.r;
  17. 				break;
  18. 			}
  19. 		}
  20. 		if (i == snake.size)
  21. 			break;
  22. 	}
  23. 	//随机生成食物颜色，不能与背景相同
  24. 	food.color = RGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256);
  25. 	while (food.color == RGB(28, 115, 119))
  26. 	{
  27. 		food.color = RGB(rand() % 256, rand() % 256, rand() % 256);
  28. 	}
  29. 	food.flag = true;
  30. }
5.蛇吃食物机制
  1. void EatFood()
  2. {
  3. 	if (food.flag && snake.pos[0].x+snake.r > food.x - food.r && snake.pos[0].x - snake.r < food.x + food.r
  4. 		&& snake.pos[0].y + snake.r > food.y - food.r && snake.pos[0].y - snake.r < food.y + food.r)
  5. 	{
  6. 		food.flag = false;
  7. 		snake.size++;
  8. 		snake.score++;
  9. 	}
  10. 	if (!food.flag)
  11. 	{
  12. 		ProduceFood();
  13. 	}
  14. }
6.控制蛇移动

蛇移动机制：

  1. void SnakeMove()
  2. {
  3. 	//蛇的身体移动
  4. 	for (int i = snake.size - 1; i > 0; i--)
  5. 	{
  6. 		//Sleep(1);
  7. 		snake.pos[i] = snake.pos[i - 1];
  8. 	}
  9. 	//碰墙死亡机制
  10. 	switch (snake.dir)
  11. 	{
  12. 	case UP:
  13. 		snake.pos[0].y -= snake.speed;
  14. 		break;
  15. 	case DOWN:
  16. 		snake.pos[0].y += snake.speed;
  17. 		break;
  18. 	case LEFT:
  19. 		snake.pos[0].x -= snake.speed;
  20. 		break;
  21. 	case RIGHT:
  22. 		snake.pos[0].x += snake.speed;
  23. 		break;
  24. 	}
  25. 	//穿墙所需机制
  26. 	/*
  27. 	switch (snake.dir)
  28. 	{
  29. 	case UP:
  30. 		snake.pos[0].y -= speed;
  31. 		if (snake.pos[0].y < 0)
  32. 		{
  33. 			snake.pos[0].y = HEIGHT;
  34. 		}
  35. 		break;
  36. 	case DOWN:
  37. 		snake.pos[0].y += speed;
  38. 		if (snake.pos[0].y > HEIGHT)
  39. 		{
  40. 			snake.pos[0].y = 0;
  41. 		}
  42. 		break;
  43. 	case LEFT:
  44. 		snake.pos[0].x -= speed;
  45. 		if (snake.pos[0].x < 0)
  46. 		{
  47. 			snake.pos[0].x = WIDTH;
  48. 		}
  49. 		break;
  50. 	case RIGHT:
  51. 		snake.pos[0].x += speed;
  52. 		if (snake.pos[0].x > WIDTH)
  53. 		{
  54. 			snake.pos[0].x = 0;
  55. 		}
  56. 		break;
  57. 	}*/
  58. }

按键控制：

  1. void KeyCtrl()
  2. {
  3. 	//Windows函数,	非阻塞
  4. 	//按键大写可检测到大小写，小写都检测不到
  5. 	//按键需要顺序+else if，这样目前检测连续按不能往回走
  6. 	if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_UP) || GetAsyncKeyState('W'))
  7. 	{
  8. 		if (snake.dir != DOWN)
  9. 		{
  10. 			snake.dir = UP;
  11. 		}
  12. 	}
  13. 	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_LEFT) || GetAsyncKeyState('A'))
  14. 	{
  15. 		if (snake.dir != RIGHT)
  16. 		{
  17. 			snake.dir = LEFT;
  18. 		}
  19. 	}
  20. 	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_DOWN) || GetAsyncKeyState('S'))
  21. 	{
  22. 		if (snake.dir != UP)
  23. 		{
  24. 			snake.dir = DOWN;
  25. 		}
  26. 	}
  27. 	else if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_RIGHT) || GetAsyncKeyState('D'))
  28. 	{
  29. 		if (snake.dir != LEFT)
  30. 		{
  31. 			snake.dir = RIGHT;
  32. 		}
  33. 	}
  34.  
  35. 	if (GetAsyncKeyState('B'))
  36. 	{
  37. 		snake.speed += SPEED_GAP;
  38. 		if (snake.speed>= SPEED_MAX)
  39. 		{
  40. 			snake.speed = SPEED_MIN;
  41. 		}
  42. 	}
  43. 	if (GetAsyncKeyState(VK_SPACE))
  44. 	{
  45. 		while (!GetAsyncKeyState('C'));
  46. 	}
  47. }
7.蛇碰撞死亡机制
  1.  
  2. bool Bump()
  3. {
  4. 	//碰身体死亡
  5. 	for (int i = 4; i < snake.size; i++)	//最小情况为4
  6. 	{
  7. 		if (snake.pos[0].x == snake.pos[i].x && snake.pos[0].y == snake.pos[i].y)
  8. 		{
  9. 			//snake.live = false;
  10. 			return false;
  11. 		}
  12. 	}
  13. 	//碰墙死亡
  14. 	if (snake.dir == LEFT && snake.pos[0].x - snake.r<0 || snake.dir == RIGHT && snake.pos[0].x + snake.r>WIDTH
  15. 		|| snake.dir == UP && snake.pos[0].y - snake.r<0 || snake.dir == DOWN && snake.pos[0].y + snake.r>HEIGHT)
  16. 	{
  17. 		//snake.live = false;
  18. 		return false;
  19. 	}
  20. 	return true;	//	默认true,可不写
  21. }
8.执行
  1. int main()
  2. {
  3. 	while (1)
  4. 	{
  5. 		GameInit();
  6. 		while (1)
  7. 		{
  8. 			//Producefoodtest();
  9. 			GameDraw();
  10. 			EatFood();
  11. 			KeyCtrl();
  12. 			SnakeMove();
  13. 			FlushBatchDraw();
  14. 			Sleep(100);	//可以让速度更慢
  15. 			if (!Bump() || GetAsyncKeyState('M'))
  16. 				break;
  17. 		}
  18. 		//播放死亡时的背景音乐
  19. 		mciSendString(_T("close BGM"), 0, 0, 0);
  20. 		mciSendString(_T("open ./res/Snake_Dead.mp3"), 0, 0, 0);
  21. 		mciSendString(_T("play ./res/Snake_Dead.mp3"), 0, 0, 0);
  22.  
  23. 		settextcolor(RED);
  24. 		settextstyle(40, 0, _T("黑体"));
  25. 		outtextxy(WIDTH + 7, 400, _T("GAME OVER!"));
  26. 		settextstyle(20, 0, _T("黑体"));
  27. 		outtextxy(WIDTH + 10, 450, _T("获得总分："));
  28. 		settextstyle(30, 0, _T("黑体"));
  29. 		char t[SNAKE_SIZE];
  30. 		sprintf_s(t, "%d", snake.score);
  31. 		outtextxy(WIDTH + 140, 445, *t);
  32.  
  33. 		while (!GetAsyncKeyState('M'));
  34. 		//停住播放。不能和play相邻，它会立即关闭，因为程序执行太快！
  35. 		mciSendString(_T("close ./res/Snake_Dead.mp3"), 0, 0, 0);
  36. 	}
  37. 	return 0;
  38. }

结果演示视频：

可见，我还对游戏画面进行了优化，添加了文字描述，画面较为美观。

基于此设计，我们可以衍生出双人贪吃蛇的游戏设计，这只不过是在贪吃蛇设计上添加一个蛇，再修改一下碰撞机制，比如说双方碰撞检测：

  1.  
  2.     	for (int k = 1; k < snake[i].size; k++)
  3. 		{
  4. 			if (i + 1 < SNAKE_NUM&&snake[i].live && snake[i+1].live)
  5. 			{
  6. 				if (snake[i].pos[0].x - snake[i].r < snake[i + 1].pos[k].x + snake[i].r && snake[i].pos[0].x + snake[i].r > snake[i + 1].pos[k].x - snake[i].r
  7. 					&& snake[i].pos[0].y - snake[i].r < snake[i + 1].pos[k].y + snake[i].r && snake[i].pos[0].y + snake[i].r > snake[i + 1].pos[k].y - snake[i].r)
  8. 				{
  9. 					snake[i].live = false;
  10. 					DeadFood(i);
  11. 				}
  12. 			}
  13. 			if ((i - 1) >= 0&&snake[i].live && snake[i - 1].live)
  14. 			{
  15. 				if (snake[i].pos[0].x - snake[i].r < snake[i - 1].pos[k].x + snake[i].r && snake[i].pos[0].x + snake[i].r > snake[i - 1].pos[k].x - snake[i].r
  16. 					&& snake[i].pos[0].y - snake[i].r < snake[i - 1].pos[k].y + snake[i].r && snake[i].pos[0].y + snake[i].r > snake[i - 1].pos[k].y - snake[i].r)
  17. 				{
  18. 					snake[i].live = false;
  19. 					DeadFood(i);
  20. 				}
  21. 			}
  22. 		}

还可以添加一些玩法，增加游戏的可玩性。此外，可以设计游戏初始画面和结束画面，添加鼠标控制等。以下是我的双人贪吃蛇设计：

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