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今年4月份,Meta 公司发布了功能强大的大型语言模型(LLM)Llama-3,为从事各种 NLP 任务的开发人员提供了功能强大可以在普通机器上运行的开源LLM。然而,传统的 LLM 微调过程既耗时又耗费资源。但是,Unsloth 的出现改变了这一局面,大大加快了 Llama-3 的微调速度。
本文将探讨 Unsloth 如何帮助您以极高的速度和效率,根据具体需求对 Llama-3 进行微调。我们将深入探讨 Unsloth 的优势,并提供 Llama-3 微调流程的流程指南。
Unsloth 为微调 Llama-3 这样的大型模型提供了非常棒的解决方案。有如下几个原因:
- %%capture
- import torch
- major_version, minor_version = torch.cuda.get_device_capability()
- # Must install separately since Colab has torch 2.2.1, which breaks packages
- !pip install "unsloth[colab-new] @ git+https://github.com/unslothai/unsloth.git"
- if major_version >= 8:
- # Use this for new GPUs like Ampere, Hopper GPUs (RTX 30xx, RTX 40xx, A100, H100, L40)
- !pip install --no-deps packaging ninja einops flash-attn xformers trl peft accelerate bitsandbytes
- else:
- # Use this for older GPUs (V100, Tesla T4, RTX 20xx)
- !pip install --no-deps xformers trl peft accelerate bitsandbytes
- pass
- from unsloth import FastLanguageModel
- import torch
- from datasets import load_dataset
- from trl import SFTTrainer
- from transformers import TrainingArguments
- from peft import AutoPeftModelForCausalLM
- from transformers import AutoTokenizer
- max_seq_length = 2048
-
- #unsloth support llama-3 by default, you can also use any model available on huggingface
- model, tokenizer = FastLanguageModel.from_pretrained(
- model_name = "unsloth/llama-3-8b-bnb-4bit",
- max_seq_length = max_seq_length,
- dtype = dtype,
- load_in_4bit = load_in_4bit,
- # token = "hf_...", # use one if using gated models like meta-llama/Llama-2-7b-hf
- )
- alpaca_prompt = """Below is an instruction that describes a task, paired with an input that provides further context. Write a response that appropriately completes the request.
- ### Instruction:
- {}
- ### Input:
- {}
- ### Response:
- {}"""
-
- EOS_TOKEN = tokenizer.eos_token # Must add EOS_TOKEN
- def formatting_prompts_func(examples):
- instructions = examples["instruction"]
- inputs = examples["input"]
- outputs = examples["output"]
- texts = []
- for instruction, input, output in zip(instructions, inputs, outputs):
- # Must add EOS_TOKEN, otherwise your generation will go on forever!
- text = alpaca_prompt.format(instruction, input, output) + EOS_TOKEN
- texts.append(text)
- return { "text" : texts, }
- pass
-
- dataset = load_dataset("yahma/alpaca-cleaned", split = "train")
- dataset = dataset.map(formatting_prompts_func, batched = True,)

- model = FastLanguageModel.get_peft_model(
- model,
- r = 16, # Choose any number > 0 ! Suggested 8, 16, 32, 64, 128
- target_modules = ["q_proj", "k_proj", "v_proj", "o_proj",
- "gate_proj", "up_proj", "down_proj",],
- lora_alpha = 16,
- lora_dropout = 0, # Supports any, but = 0 is optimized
- bias = "none", # Supports any, but = "none" is optimized
- # [NEW] "unsloth" uses 30% less VRAM, fits 2x larger batch sizes!
- use_gradient_checkpointing = "unsloth", # True or "unsloth" for very long context
- random_state = 3407,
- use_rslora = False, # We support rank stabilized LoRA
- loftq_config = None, # And LoftQ
- )
- trainer = SFTTrainer(
- model = model,
- tokenizer = tokenizer,
- train_dataset = dataset,
- dataset_text_field = "text",
- max_seq_length = max_seq_length,
- dataset_num_proc = 2,
- packing = False, # Can make training 5x faster for short sequences.
- args = TrainingArguments(
- per_device_train_batch_size = 2,
- gradient_accumulation_steps = 4,
- warmup_steps = 5,
- max_steps = 60,
- learning_rate = 2e-4,
- fp16 = not torch.cuda.is_bf16_supported(),
- bf16 = torch.cuda.is_bf16_supported(),
- logging_steps = 1,
- optim = "adamw_8bit",
- weight_decay = 0.01,
- lr_scheduler_type = "linear",
- seed = 3407,
- output_dir = "outputs",
- ),
- )

- #Show current memory stats
- gpu_stats = torch.cuda.get_device_properties(0)
- start_gpu_memory = round(torch.cuda.max_memory_reserved() / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 3)
- max_memory = round(gpu_stats.total_memory / 1024 / 1024 / 1024, 3)
- print(f"GPU = {gpu_stats.name}. Max memory = {max_memory} GB.")
- print(f"{start_gpu_memory} GB of memory reserved.")
trainer_stats = trainer.train()
- # alpaca_prompt = Copied from above
- FastLanguageModel.for_inference(model) # Enable native 2x faster inference
- inputs = tokenizer(
- [
- alpaca_prompt.format(
- "Continue the fibonnaci sequence.", # instruction
- "1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8", # input
- "", # output - leave this blank for generation!
- )
- ], return_tensors = "pt").to("cuda")
-
- outputs = model.generate(**inputs, max_new_tokens = 64, use_cache = True)
- tokenizer.batch_decode(outputs)
- model = AutoPeftModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(
- "lora_model", # YOUR MODEL YOU USED FOR TRAINING
- load_in_4bit = load_in_4bit,
- )
- tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("lora_model")
push_to_hub
进行在线保存,或使用 save_pretrained
进行本地保存。- #[NOTE] This ONLY saves the LoRA adapters, and not the full model.
- model.save_pretrained("lora_model") # Local saving
- # model.push_to_hub("your_name/lora_model", token = "...") # Online saving
- # Save to 8bit Q8_0
- # Fast conversion. High resource use, but generally acceptable.
- if False: model.save_pretrained_gguf("model", tokenizer,)
- if False: model.push_to_hub_gguf("hf/model", tokenizer, token = "")
-
- # Save to 16bit GGUF
- #
- if False: model.save_pretrained_gguf("model", tokenizer, quantization_method = "f16")
- if False: model.push_to_hub_gguf("hf/model", tokenizer, quantization_method = "f16", token = "")
-
- # Save to q4_k_m GGUF
- #q4_k_m - Recommended. Uses Q6_K for half of the attention.wv and feed_forward.w2 tensors, else Q4_K.
- # model-unsloth-Q4_K_M.gguf
- if True: model.save_pretrained_gguf("model", tokenizer, quantization_method = "q4_k_m")
- if False: model.push_to_hub_gguf("hf/model", tokenizer, quantization_method = "q4_k_m", token = "")

Modelfile
,记住要将 GGUF 文件替换为您正在使用的量化级别,这里我们使用的是 model-unsloth-Q4_K_M.gguf,您可以在导入 Ollama 时将其命名为任何您想要的名称: ollama create llama3:8b-instruct-q4_K_M -f Modelfile ollama run llama3:8b-instruct-q4_K_M
Unsloth 为像 -Llama-3 这样功能强大的 LLM 的高效微调打开了大门。凭借其速度和内存优化能力,Unsloth 可帮助开发人员探索各种 NLP 应用,加速该领域的创新!
[1]https://huggingface.co/datasets/yahma/alpaca-cleaned
[2]https://huggingface.co/docs/hub/en/gguf
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