FastAPI从入门到实战（16）——开发基于JSON Web Tokens的认证

from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from typing import Optional

from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, HTTPException
from fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer, OAuth2PasswordRequestForm
from jose import jwt, JWTError
from pydantic import BaseModel
from starlette import status
from passlib.context import CryptContext

app16 = APIRouter()

"""OAuth2 with Password (and hashing), Bearer with JWT tokens 开发基于JSON Web Tokens的认证"""
fake_users_db = {}
fake_users_db.update({
    "john snow": {
        "username": "john snow",
        "full_name": "John Snow",
        "email": "johnsnow@example.com",
        "hashed_password": "$2b$12$EixZaYVK1fsbw1ZfbX3OXePaWxn96p36WQoeG6Lruj3vjPGga31lW",
        "disabled": False,
    }
})

SECRET_KEY = "09d25e094faa6ca2556c818166b7a9563b93f7099f6f0f4caa6cf63b88e8d3e7"  # 生成密钥 openssl rand -hex 32
ALGORITHM = "HS256"  # 算法
ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30  # 访问令牌过期分钟


class User(BaseModel):
    username: str
    email: Optional[str] = None
    full_name: Optional[str] = None
    disabled: Optional[bool] = None


class UserInDB(User):
    hashed_password: str


class Token(BaseModel):
    """返回给用户的Token"""
    access_token: str
    token_type: str


pwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=["bcrypt"], deprecated="auto")

oauth2_schema = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl="/chapter16/jwt/token")


def verity_password(plain_password: str, hashed_password: str):
    """对密码进行校验"""
    return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)


def jwt_get_user(db, username: str):
    if username in db:
        user_dict = db[username]
        return UserInDB(**user_dict)


def jwt_authenticate_user(db, username: str, password: str):
    user = jwt_get_user(db=db, username=username)
    if not user:
        return False
    if not verity_password(plain_password=password, hashed_password=user.hashed_password):
        return False
    return user


def create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: Optional[timedelta] = None):
    to_encode = data.copy()
    if expires_delta:
        expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta
    else:
        expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(minutes=15)
    to_encode.update({"exp": expire})
    encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(claims=to_encode, key=SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)
    return encoded_jwt


@app16.post("/jwt/token", response_model=Token)
async def login_for_access_token(form_data: OAuth2PasswordRequestForm = Depends()):
    user = jwt_authenticate_user(db=fake_users_db, username=form_data.username, password=form_data.password)
    if not user:
        raise HTTPException(
            status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
            detail="Incorrect username or password",
            headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
        )
    access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)
    access_token = create_access_token(
        data={"sub": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires
    )
    return {"access_token": access_token, "token_type": "bearer"}


async def jwt_get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_schema)):
    credentials_exception = HTTPException(
        status.HTTP_401_UNAUTHORIZED,
        detail="Could not validate credentials",
        headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"},
    )
    try:
        payload = jwt.decode(token=token, key=SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])
        username = payload.get("sub")
        if username is None:
            raise credentials_exception
    except JWTError:
        raise credentials_exception
    user = jwt_get_user(db=fake_users_db, username=username)
    if user is None:
        raise credentials_exception
    return user


async def jwt_get_current_active_user(current_user: User = Depends(jwt_get_current_user)):
    if current_user.disabled:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST, detail="Inactive user")
    return current_user


@app16.get("/jwt/users/me")
async def jwt_read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(jwt_get_current_active_user)):
    return current_user

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