1 Introduction to Oracle Clusterware Oracle集群软件介绍_单机库clusterware not configuration

What is Oracle Clusterware?

Oracle Clusterware enables servers to communicate with each other, so that they appear to function as a collective unit. This combination of servers is commonly known as a cluster. Although the servers are standalone servers, each server has additional processes that communicate with other servers. In this way the separate servers appear as if they are one system to applications and end users.

Oracle集群可以通过server相互之间进行通信，这样他们看上去就像一个团体集合在工作一样。这些server的集合通常就认为是一个集群。虽然server是一个单机的server，每个server有额外的进程来和其他server通信。但就是这样这些分开独立的server对应用和终端用户才看上去像是一个系统。

Oracle Clusterware provides the infrastructure necessary to run Oracle Real Application Clusters (Oracle RAC). Oracle Clusterware also manages resources, such as virtual IP (VIP) addresses, databases, listeners, services, and so on. These resources are generally named ora.host_name.resource_name. Oracle does not support editing these resources except under the explicit direction of My Oracle Support.

Oracle集群为Oracle实时应用集群(RAC)提供了必要的基础条件。Oracle集群也管理resource，比如虚拟ip(vip)，数据库，监听，services等等。这些资源通常被命名为 ora.host_name.resource_name。Oracle不支持编辑这些资源除非是在有Oracle Support提供明确指导的前提条件下。

Figure 1-1 shows a configuration that uses Oracle Clusterware to extend the basic single-instance Oracle Database architecture. In Figure 1-1, the cluster is running Oracle Database and is actively servicing applications and users. Using Oracle Clusterware, you can use the same high availability mechanisms to make your Oracle database and your custom applications highly available.

图1展示了配置详情，其中使用了Oracle集群来扩展级别的单实例数据库架构。在图1中，集群正在运行数据库，并且正在实时的服务应用和用户。使用Oracle集群，你可以使用一些高可用的机制来使你的数据库和你的定制化应用保持高可用。

Figure 1-1 Oracle Clusterware Configuration

Description of "Figure 1-1 Oracle Clusterware Configuration"

The benefits of using a cluster include:

使用集群的好处有:

• Scalability of applications

• Reduce total cost of ownership for the infrastructure by providing a scalable system with low-cost commodity hardware

• Ability to fail over

• Increase throughput on demand for cluster-aware applications, by adding servers to a cluster to increase cluster resources

• Increase throughput for cluster-aware applications by enabling the applications to run on all of the nodes in a cluster

• Ability to program the startup of applications in a planned order that ensures dependent processes are started

• Ability to monitor processes and restart them if they stop

• Eliminate unplanned downtime due to hardware or software malfunctions

• Reduce or eliminate planned downtime for software maintenance

  应用的扩展性

  通过提供使用低成本的商用硬件的可扩展系统来减少整个集群的所有权的开销

  拥有故障转移的能力

  通过为集群添加服务器来增加集群的资源，增加一些集群敏感的应用的吞吐量

  通过让应用运行在所有节点上来提供吞吐量

  可以通过一个有计划的顺序来编写应用的启动脚本使得相关的依赖进程启动

  可以监控进程，如果进程停了，就重启进程

  消除未知的因为软件或者硬件故障带来的非计划性停机

  减少或者消除因为软件维护带来的计划性的停机

You can program Oracle Clusterware to manage the availability of user applications and Oracle databases. In an Oracle RAC environment, Oracle Clusterware manages all of the resources automatically. All of the applications and processes that Oracle Clusterware manages are either cluster resources or local resources.

你可以设计Oracle集群来管理你的应用和数据库的可用性，在RAC环境中，Oracle集群自动管理所有的资源。所有的集群管理的应用和进程要么是集群资源(cluster resources)，要么是本地资源(local resources)

Oracle Clusterware is required for using Oracle RAC; it is the only clusterware that you need for platforms on which Oracle RAC operates. Although Oracle RAC continues to support many third-party clusterware products on specific platforms, you must also install and use Oracle Clusterware. Note that the servers on which you want to install and run Oracle Clusterware must use the same operating system.

使用Oracle Rac需要使用Oracle集群软件；它是你为Rac搭建平台所需要的唯一集群软件。虽然Oracle RAC还是在一些指定平台上，继续支持许多第三方的集群软件，但你必须安装和使用Oracle集群软件。注意，那些你想要安装的服务和运行的Oracle集群软件必须是同一个操作系统。

Using Oracle Clusterware eliminates the need for proprietary vendor clusterware and provides the benefit of using only Oracle software. Oracle provides an entire software solution, including everything from disk management with Oracle Automatic Storage Management (Oracle ASM) to data management with Oracle Database and Oracle RAC. In addition, Oracle Database features, such as Oracle Services, provide advanced functionality when used with the underlying Oracle Clusterware high availability framework.

使用Oracle集群软件就不需要再那些专门的集群软件提供商了，还提供了一体化Oracle软件的好处。Oracle提供了一整套的软件解决方案，包括所有的磁盘管理解决方案(ASM)和ASM/RAC上的数据管理解决方案。另外，Oracle数据库特性，比如Oracle Services，当和底层的Oracle Clusterware 高可用框架并用时，提供了更高级的功能

Oracle Clusterware has two stored components, besides the binaries: The voting disk files, which record node membership information, and the Oracle Cluster Registry (OCR), which records cluster configuration information. Voting disks and OCRs must reside on shared storage available to all cluster member nodes.

Oracle集群软件除了二进制代码有有两个内置的组件：表决磁盘文件，记录了节点间的关系信息，还有Oracle集群注册表(OCR)，记录了集群配置信息。表决磁盘和OCR必须存放在对所有集群几点可访问的共享存储上。

Understanding System Requirements for Oracle Clusterware

To use Oracle Clusterware, you must understand the hardware and software concepts and requirements as described in the following sections:

• Oracle Clusterware Hardware Concepts and Requirements

• Oracle Clusterware Operating System Concepts and Requirements

• Oracle Clusterware Software Concepts and Requirements

• Oracle Clusterware Network Configuration Concepts

• Overview of Upgrading Oracle Clusterware

http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/clustering/tech-generic-unix-new-166583.html

# Delegate to gns on mycluster
mycluster.example.com NS myclustergns.example.com
#Let the world know to go to the GNS vip
myclustergns.example.com. 10.9.8.7

Overview of Oracle Clusterware Platform-Specific Software Components

When Oracle Clusterware is operational, several platform-specific processes or services run on each node in the cluster. This section describes these various processes and services.

当Oracle集群软件是可操作的，几个平台指定的进程或者服务会运行在集群的每个节点上。这部分就来概述这些进程和服务。

The Oracle Clusterware Stack

Oracle Clusterware consists of two separate stacks: an upper stack anchored by the Cluster Ready Services (CRS) daemon (crsd) and a lower stack anchored by the Oracle High Availability Services daemon (ohasd). These two stacks have several processes that facilitate cluster operations. The following sections describe these stacks in more detail:

Oracle集群软件堆栈；一个位置靠上的堆栈(被守护进程crsd固定)和一个位置靠下的堆栈(被守护进程ohasd固定)。这两个堆栈有几个进程来方便集群操作。以下提供堆栈更详细的细节。

• The Cluster Ready Services Stack

• The Oracle High Availability Services Stack

The Cluster Ready Services Stack

The list in this section describes the processes that comprise CRS. The list includes components that are processes on Linux and UNIX operating systems, or services on Windows.

这里列出的都是CRS相关的进程。包括了linux，UNIX上的进程，或者是windows上的服务

• Cluster Ready Services (CRS): The primary program for managing high availability operations in a cluster.

  CRS:集群中管理高可用性操作的主要程序

  The CRS daemon (crsd) manages cluster resources based on the configuration information that is stored in OCR for each resource. This includes start, stop, monitor, and failover operations. The crsd process generates events when the status of a resource changes. When you have Oracle RAC installed, the crsd process monitors the Oracle database instance, listener, and so on, and automatically restarts these components when a failure occurs.

  CRS的守护进程crsd管理存放在OCR中的配置信息包含的集群资源。包括启动，停止，监测和故障转移操作。crsd进程在资源切换的时候会生成events。当你安装了RAC，crsd进程监控数据库实例，监听等等，并在发生故障的时候自动重启这些组件。

• Cluster Synchronization Services (CSS): Manages the cluster configuration by controlling which nodes are members of the cluster and by notifying members when a node joins or leaves the cluster. If you are using certified third-party clusterware, then CSS processes interface with your clusterware to manage node membership information.

  CSS:管理集群配置，控制集群中的成员并当有新成员加入/离开的时候进行通知。如果你在使用允许的第三方集群软件，你的集群的CSS进程会管理节点成员信息。

  The cssdagent process monitors the cluster and provides I/O fencing. This service formerly was provided by Oracle Process Monitor Daemon (oprocd), also known as OraFenceService on Windows. A cssdagent failure may result in Oracle Clusterware restarting the node.

  cssdagent进程监控集群并提供IO隔离。这个服务以前是有Oracle Process Monitor Daemon (oprocd)提供的，在windows上成为OraFenceService。cssdagent进程故障会 导致集群重启节点。

• Oracle ASM: Provides disk management for Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Database.

  ASM:为集群和数据库提供磁盘管理

• Cluster Time Synchronization Service (CTSS): Provides time management in a cluster for Oracle Clusterware.

  CTSS:为集群提供时间管理

• Event Management (EVM): A background process that publishes events that Oracle Clusterware creates.

  EVM：一个后台进程发布集群创建的event

• Oracle Notification Service (ONS): A publish and subscribe service for communicating Fast Application Notification (FAN) events.

  ONS：通信FAN事件的一个发布和订阅服务

• Oracle Agent (oraagent): Extends clusterware to support Oracle-specific requirements and complex resources. This process runs server callout scripts when FAN events occur. This process was known as RACG in Oracle Clusterware 11g release 1 (11.1).

  oraagent：扩展集群来支持Oracle指定的需要和复杂性资源。这个进程在当FAN事件发生时运行服务端的标注脚本。这个进程在11gR1中叫做RACG

• Oracle Root Agent (orarootagent): A specialized oraagent process that helps crsd manage resources owned by root, such as the network, and the Grid virtual IP address.

  orarootagent：一个特质的oraagent进程，用来帮助crsd管理root拥有的资源，比如网络，和Grid 虚拟ip地址。

The Cluster Synchronization Service (CSS), Event Management (EVM), and Oracle Notification Services (ONS) components communicate with other cluster component layers on other nodes in the same cluster database environment. These components are also the main communication links between Oracle Database, applications, and the Oracle Clusterware high availability components. In addition, these background processes monitor and manage database operations.

CSS,EVM,ONS这3个组件在同一个集群数据库环境中和其他节点的集群组件进行通信。这些组件也是数据库，应用，还有其他集群高可用组件之间的主要的通信链路。另外，这些后台程序监控和管理数据库操作。

The Oracle High Availability Services Stack

This section describes the processes that comprise the Oracle High Availability Services stack. The list includes components that are processes on Linux and UNIX operating systems, or services on Windows.

这部分概述了包含Oracle高可用服务堆栈的进程。包括了linux，UNIX上的进程，或者是windows上的服务

• Cluster Logger Service (ologgerd): Receives information from all the nodes in the cluster and persists in a CHM repository-based database. This service runs on only two nodes in a cluster.

  ologgerd：从集群的所有节点上收集信息，并且保存在基于仓库的CHM数据库上。这个服务只会运行在集群的两个节点上。

• System Monitor Service (osysmond): The monitoring and operating system metric collection service that sends the data to the cluster logger service. This service runs on every node in a cluster.

  osysmond：监控和操作系统的度量收集的服务进程，发送数据到集群的logger进程。这个服务运行在集群的每个节点上。

• Grid Plug and Play (GPNPD): Provides access to the Grid Plug and Play profile, and coordinates updates to the profile among the nodes of the cluster to ensure that all of the nodes have the most recent profile.

  GPNPD:提供对Grid Plug和Play profile的访问。协调更新每个节点上的profile，确保所有的节点使用最新的profile

• Grid Interprocess Communication (GIPC): A support daemon that enables Redundant Interconnect Usage.

  GIPC:一个支持进程，用来开启Redundant Interconnect Usage

• Multicast Domain Name Service (mDNS): Used by Grid Plug and Play to locate profiles in the cluster, as well as by GNS to perform name resolution. The mDNS process is a background process on Linux and UNIX and on Windows.

  mDNS:Grid Plug和Play用来定位集群中的profile，同时也被GNS用来名称解析。mDNS进程是一个在Linux，Unix和Windows上的后台进程。

• Oracle Grid Naming Service (GNS): Handles requests sent by external DNS servers, performing name resolution for names defined by the cluster.

  GNS:处理有外部的DNS服务器发送过来的请求。执行集群中定义的名称解析

Table 1-1 lists the processes and services associated with Oracle Clusterware components. In Table 1-1, if a UNIX or a Linux system process has an (r) beside it, then the process runs as the root user.

表1-1列出了Oracle集群组件中的进程和服务，在表1-1中，如果UNIX或者Linux进程有一个(r)在旁边，那么表示这个进程是由root用户执行的。

Table 1-1 List of Processes and Services Associated with Oracle Clusterware Components

Oracle Clusterware Component	Linux/UNIX Process	Windows Services	Windows Processes
CRS	crsd.bin (r)	OracleOHService	crsd.exe
CSS	ocssd.bin, cssdmonitor, cssdagent	OracleOHService	cssdagent.exe, cssdmonitor.exeocssd.exe
CTSS	octssd.bin (r)		octssd.exe
EVM	evmd.bin, evmlogger.bin	OracleOHService	evmd.exe
GIPC	gipcd.bin
GNS	gnsd (r)		gnsd.exe
Grid Plug and Play	gpnpd.bin	OracleOHService	gpnpd.exe
LOGGER	ologgerd.bin (r)		ologgerd.exe
Master Diskmon	diskmon.bin
mDNS	mdnsd.bin		mDNSResponder.exe
Oracle agent	oraagent.bin (11.2), or racgmainand racgimon (11.1)		oraagent.exe
Oracle High Availability Services	ohasd.bin (r)	OracleOHService	ohasd.exe
ONS	ons		ons.exe
Oracle root agent	orarootagent (r)		orarootagent.exe
SYSMON	osysmond.bin (r)		osysmond.exe

See Also:

"Clusterware Log Files and the Unified Log Directory Structure" for information about the location of log files created for processes

Note:

Oracle Clusterware on Linux platforms can have multiple threads that appear as separate processes with unique process identifiers.

Linux平台上的Oracle集群会有同一个进程号却有多个线程的情况。

Figure 1-2 illustrates cluster startup.

Figure 1-2 Cluster Startup

Description of "Figure 1-2 Cluster Startup"

Overview of Installing Oracle Clusterware

The following section introduces the installation processes for Oracle Clusterware.

下面这部分介绍安装Oracle集群的过程。

Overview of Upgrading Oracle Clusterware

Oracle supports in-place and out-of-place upgrades. Both strategies facilitate rolling upgrades. For Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2), in-place upgrades are supported for patches only. Patch bundles and one-off patches are supported for in-place upgrades but patch sets and major point releases are supported for out-of-place upgrades only.

Oracle支持原地和异地升级。这两种策略都可以回滚升级。比如Clusterware 11.2，原地升级仅支持补丁。多补丁和一次性补丁都支持原地升级，但是不定级和主要点版本金支持异地升级。

An in-place upgrade replaces the Oracle Clusterware software with the newer version in the same Grid home. Out-of-place upgrade has both versions of the same software present on the nodes at the same time, in different Grid homes, but only one version is active.

原地升级在同一个Grid目录下使用了新版本的软件替换了老版本。异地升级有同一个软件版本在同一个时间，在不同的Grid目录有不同的代表。但只有一个版本是激活状态。

Rolling upgrades avoid downtime and ensure continuous availability of Oracle Clusterware while the software is upgraded to the new version. When you upgrade to 11g release 2 (11.2), Oracle Clusterware and Oracle ASM binaries are installed as a single binary called the Grid Infrastructure. You can upgrade Oracle Clusterware in a rolling manner from Oracle Clusterware 10g and Oracle Clusterware 11g, however you can only upgrade Oracle ASM in a rolling manner from Oracle Database 11g release 1 (11.1).

当软件升级到新版本的时候回滚避免停机并且确保集群的连续可用性。当你升级到11gR2，Clusterware和ASM都被安装为一个二进制文件叫做Grid Infrastructure 网格套件。你可以以滚动的方式从10g和11g升级Clusterware，然而你可以以滚动的方式只从11.1升级ASM

Oracle supports force upgrades in cases where some nodes of the cluster are down.

ORacle支持在一些节点停掉的情况下强制升级。

Overview of Managing Oracle Clusterware Environments

The following list describes the tools and utilities for managing your Oracle Clusterware environment:

下面列出了一些管理Oracle集群环境的实用工具。

• Oracle Enterprise Manager: Oracle Enterprise Manager has both the Database Control and Grid Control GUI interfaces for managing both single instance and Oracle RAC database environments. It also has GUI interfaces to manage Oracle Clusterware and all components configured in the Oracle Grid Infrastructure installation. Oracle recommends that you use Oracle Enterprise Manager to perform administrative tasks.

  OEM:OEM拥有数据库和网格管理的图形化界面，可以控制单实例和RAC数据库环境。它也有管理Oracle集群的图形化界面，和所有配置在Grid软件中的组件。Oracle建议你实用OEM来执行管理任务。

  See Also:

  Oracle Database 2 Day + Real Application Clusters Guide,  Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide, and Oracle Enterprise Manager online documentation for more information about administering Oracle Clusterware with Oracle Enterprise Manager

• Cluster Verification Utility (CVU): CVU is a command-line utility that you use to verify a range of cluster and Oracle RAC specific components. Use CVU to verify shared storage devices, networking configurations, system requirements, and Oracle Clusterware, and operating system groups and users.

  CVU:CVU是一个命令行工具，你可以用来验证一部分集群和RAC特定的组件。实用CVU可以验证共享存储设备，网络配置，系统请求，和Oracle集群，操作系统用户和组。

  Install and use CVU for both preinstallation and postinstallation checks of your cluster environment. CVU is especially useful during preinstallation and during installation of Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC components to ensure that your configuration meets the minimum installation requirements. Also use CVU to verify your configuration after completing administrative tasks, such as node additions and node deletions.

  在安装前和安装后都可以安装和使用CVU来检查你的集群环境。CVU在ORacle的Clusterware和RAC安装前和安装过程中是非常有用的，这样可以确保你的配置满足最小安装要求。在完成管理任务后，比如节点添加和删除，也可以使用CVU来验证你的配置。

  See Also:

  Your platform-specific Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC installation guide for information about how to manually install CVU, and  Appendix A, "Cluster Verification Utility Reference" for more information about using CVU

• Server Control (SRVCTL): SRVCTL is a command-line interface that you can use to manage Oracle resources, such as databases, services, or listeners in the cluster.

  SRVCTL是一个命令行工具，你可以使用来管理集群中的Oracle资源，比如数据库，服务，或者是监听。

  Note:

  You can only manage server pools that have names prefixed with  ora.* by using SRVCTL.
  你只可以使用SRVCTL来管理哪些ora.开头的服务池

  See Also:

  Server Control Utility reference appendix in the  Oracle Real Application Clusters Administration and Deployment Guide

• Oracle Clusterware Control (CRSCTL): CRSCTL is a command-line tool that you can use to manage Oracle Clusterware. CRSCTL should be used for general clusterware management and management of individual resources.

  CRSCTL是一个命令行工具，你可以使用来管理Oracle集群。CRSCTL应该被用做普通的集群管理和独立资源的管理工具。

  Oracle Clusterware 11g release 2 (11.2) introduces cluster-aware commands with which you can perform operations from any node in the cluster on another node in the cluster, or on all nodes in the cluster, depending on the operation.

  Oracle Clusterware 11gR2介绍了一些集群专用的命令，你可以在任意节点上运行这些操作命令，或者可以操作整个集群，这都视你的操作而定。

  You can use crsctl commands to monitor cluster resources (crsctl status resource) and to monitor and manage servers and server pools other than server pools that have names prefixed with ora.*, such as crsctl status server, crsctl status serverpool, crsctl modify serverpool, and crsctl relocate server. You can also manage Oracle High Availability Services on the entire cluster (crsctl start | stop | enable | disable | config crs), using the optional node-specific arguments -n or -all. You also can use CRSCTL to manage Oracle Clusterware on individual nodes (crsctl start | stop | enable | disable | config crs).

  你可以使用crsctl命令来监控集群资源(crsctl status resource)并且用比如(crsctl status server,crsctl status serverpool,crsctl modify serverpool,crsctl relocate server)监控和管理服务和服务池而不是带ora.前缀的服务池。你也可以在整个集群上使用Oracle高可用服务(crsctl start|stop|enable|disable|config crs)，使用可选的节点指定参数-n或者-all。你也可以使用CRSCTL来管理某个独立节点上的Oracle集群软件(crsctl start|stop|enable|disable|config crs)。

  See Also:

  • Chapter 2, "Administering Oracle Clusterware" for more information about using crsctl commands to manage Oracle Clusterware

  • Appendix E, "CRSCTL Utility Reference" for a complete list of CRSCTL commands

• Oracle Interface Configuration Tool (OIFCFG): OIFCFG is a command-line tool for both single-instance Oracle databases and Oracle RAC environments. Use OIFCFG to allocate and deallocate network interfaces to components. You can also use OIFCFG to direct components to use specific network interfaces and to retrieve component configuration information.

  OIFCFG是一个在单实例和RAC环境都可以使用的命令行工具。使用OIFCFG来分配和撤销组件的网络接口。你可以使用OIFCFG来引导组件使用指定的网络接口接收组件的配置信息。

  See Also:

  Appendix D, "Oracle Interface Configuration Tool (OIFCFG) Command Reference"

• Oracle Cluster Registry Configuration Tool (OCRCONFIG): OCRCONFIG is a command-line tool for OCR administration. You can also use the OCRCHECK and OCRDUMP utilities to troubleshoot configuration problems that affect OCR.

  OCRCONFIG是一个用作OCR管理的命令行工具。你可以使用OCRDUMP工具来排查哪些影响OCR的配置问题。

  See Also:

  Chapter 2, "Administering Oracle Clusterware" for more information about managing OCR

• Cluster Health Monitor (CHM): CHM detects and analyzes operating system and cluster resource-related degradation and failures to provide more details to users for many Oracle Clusterware and Oracle RAC issues, such as node eviction. The tool continuously tracks the operating system resource consumption at the node, process, and device levels. It collects and analyzes the clusterwide data. In real-time mode, when thresholds are met, the tool shows an alert to the user. For root-cause analysis, historical data can be replayed to understand what was happening at the time of failure.

  CHM侦测和分析操作系统和集群资源相关的降级和故障，为集群和RAC提供很多有用的细节，比如eviction(中文意思：驱逐)。工具连续的跟踪节点/进程/设备级别上的操作系统资源消耗。它收集和分析了集群范围的数据。在实时模式下，当触发了阈值，工具就会显示一个警告给用户。对于一些root引起的分析，历史数据可以被重演，以便来理解故障的时候发生了什么。

  See Also:

  "Cluster Health Monitor" for more information about CHM

Overview of Cloning and Extending Oracle Clusterware in Grid Environments

Cloning nodes is the preferred method of creating new clusters. The cloning process copies Oracle Clusterware software images to other nodes that have similar hardware and software. Use cloning to quickly create several clusters of the same configuration. Before using cloning, you must install an Oracle Clusterware home successfully on at least one node using the instructions in your platform-specific Oracle Clusterware installation guide.

克隆节点是创建一个新节点的首选方式。克隆进程赋值集群软件的镜像到另外一个拥有相似硬件和软件的节点。建议使用克隆来快速创建多个同配置的集群。在使用克隆之前，你必须在至少一个节点上安装数据库主目录，安装时建议使用和你平台相关的安装指南。

For new installations, or if you must install on only one cluster, Oracle recommends that you use the automated and interactive installation methods, such as Oracle Universal Installer or the Provisioning Pack feature of Oracle Enterprise Manager. These methods perform installation checks to ensure a successful installation. To add or delete Oracle Clusterware from nodes in the cluster, use the addNode.sh and rootcrs.pl scripts.

对于新安装，或者你必须安装唯一一个集群。Oracle建议你使用自动化和交互式的安装方式，比如Oracle Universal Installer或者是OEM的Provisiong Pack 特性。这些方法执行安装检查来确保可以成功安装。为了添加和删除Oracle集群，使用addNode.sh和rootcrs.pl脚本。

Overview of the Oracle Clusterware High Availability Framework and APIs

Oracle Clusterware provides many high availability application programming interfaces called CLSCRS APIs that you use to enable Oracle Clusterware to manage applications or processes that run in a cluster. The CLSCRS APIs enable you to provide high availability for all of your applications.

Oracle集群提供许多高可用应用程序接口称为CLSCRS APIs，那样你就可以使用Clusterware来管理集群中运行的应用或者是进程。CLSCRS APIs允许为你你应用提供高可用。

You can define a VIP address for an application to enable users to access the application independently of the node in the cluster on which the application is running. This is referred to as the application VIP. You can define multiple application VIPs, with generally one application VIP defined for each application running. The application VIP is related to the application by making it dependent on the application resource defined by Oracle Clusterware.

你可以为一个应用定义一个VIP地址，让用户可以独立访问节点上的正在运行的应用。这个指的就是应用程序VIP。你可以定义多个应用程序VIP，但通常，一个应用程序配置一个应用程序VIP。

To maintain high availability, Oracle Clusterware components can respond to status changes to restart applications and processes according to defined high availability rules. You can use the Oracle Clusterware high availability framework by registering your applications with Oracle Clusterware and configuring the clusterware to start, stop, or relocate your application processes. That is, you can make custom applications highly available by using Oracle Clusterware to create profiles that monitor, relocate, and restart your applications.

为了维护高可用性，ORacle集群组件可以反馈状态的变更来重启应用和进程，按照预先定义好的高可用性规则。你可以通过注册你的应用程序来使用Oracle集群软件高可用性框架，并且配置集群来启动，停止或者重新分配应用程序进程。也就是说，你可以定制应用的高可用，通过用Oracle Clusterware创建profile来监控，重分配，和重启你的应用程序。