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推荐springCloud教程:
https://blog.csdn.net/hellozpc/article/details/83692496
推荐Springboot2.0教程:
https://blog.csdn.net/hellozpc/article/details/82531834
为什么会产生消息队列?有几个原因:
不同进程(process)之间传递消息时,两个进程之间耦合程度过高,改动一个进程,引发必须修改另一个进程,为了隔离这两个进程,在两进程间抽离出一层(一个模块),所有两进程之间传递的消息,都必须通过消息队列来传递,单独修改某一个进程,不会影响另一个;
不同进程(process)之间传递消息时,为了实现标准化,将消息的格式规范化了,并且,某一个进程接受的消息太多,一下子无法处理完,并且也有先后顺序,必须对收到的消息进行排队,因此诞生了事实上的消息队列;
关于消息队列的详细介绍请参阅:
《Java帝国之消息队列》
《一个故事告诉你什么是消息队列》
《到底什么时候该使用MQ》
MQ框架非常之多,比较流行的有RabbitMq、ActiveMq、ZeroMq、kafka,以及阿里开源的RocketMQ。本文主要介绍RabbitMq。
本教程pdf及代码下载地址:
代码:https://download.csdn.net/download/zpcandzhj/10585077
教程:https://download.csdn.net/download/zpcandzhj/10585092
开发语言:Erlang – 面向并发的编程语言。
2.1.1.AMQP
AMQP是消息队列的一个协议。
下载地址:http://www.rabbitmq.com/download.html
下载:http://www.erlang.org/download/otp_win64_17.3.exe
安装:
安装完成。
开始菜单里出现如下选项:
启动、停止、重新安装等。
1、双击
2、进入C:\Program Files (x86)\RabbitMQ Server\rabbitmq_server-3.4.1\sbin输入命令:
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
这样就启动了管理工具,可以试一下命令:
停止:net stop RabbitMQ
启动:net start RabbitMQ
3、在浏览器中输入地址查看:http://127.0.0.1:15672/
4、使用默认账号登录:guest/ guest
..
- cd /usr/local/src/
- mkdir rabbitmq
- cd rabbitmq
-
- wget http://packages.erlang-solutions.com/erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
- rpm -Uvh erlang-solutions-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
-
- rpm --import http://packages.erlang-solutions.com/rpm/erlang_solutions.asc
使用yum安装:
sudo yum install erlang
上传rabbitmq-server-3.4.1-1.noarch.rpm文件到/usr/local/src/rabbitmq/
安装:
rpm -ivh rabbitmq-server-3.4.1-1.noarch.rpm
- service rabbitmq-server start
- service rabbitmq-server stop
- service rabbitmq-server restart
chkconfig rabbitmq-server on
- cd /etc/rabbitmq
- cp /usr/share/doc/rabbitmq-server-3.4.1/rabbitmq.config.example /etc/rabbitmq/
-
- mv rabbitmq.config.example rabbitmq.config
vi /etc/rabbitmq/rabbitmq.config
注意要去掉后面的逗号。
- rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
- service rabbitmq-server restart
- /sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p tcp --dport 15672 -j ACCEPT
- /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables save
1、推荐使用默认的安装路径
2、系统用户名必须是英文
Win10改名字非常麻烦,具体方法百度
3、计算机名必须是英文
4、系统的用户必须是管理员
如果安装失败应该如何解决:
1、重装系统 – 不推荐
2、将RabbitMQ安装到linux虚拟机中
a)推荐
3、使用别人安装好的RabbitMQ服务
a)只要给你开通一个账户即可。
b)使用公用的RabbitMQ服务,在192.168.50.22
c)推荐
常见错误:
1、系统服务中有RabbitMQ服务,停止、启动、重启
2、打开命令行工具
如果找不到命令行工具,直接cd到相应目录:
输入命令以下启用管理插件
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
查看管理页面
通过默认账户 guest/guest 登录
如果能够登录,说明安装成功。
1、超级管理员(administrator)
可登陆管理控制台,可查看所有的信息,并且可以对用户,策略(policy)进行操作。
2、监控者(monitoring)
可登陆管理控制台,同时可以查看rabbitmq节点的相关信息(进程数,内存使用情况,磁盘使用情况等)
3、策略制定者(policymaker)
可登陆管理控制台, 同时可以对policy进行管理。但无法查看节点的相关信息(上图红框标识的部分)。
4、普通管理者(management)
仅可登陆管理控制台,无法看到节点信息,也无法对策略进行管理。
5、其他
无法登陆管理控制台,通常就是普通的生产者和消费者。
选中Admin用户,设置权限:
看到权限已加:
项目下载地址:
https://download.csdn.net/download/zpcandzhj/10585077
5.2.1.图示
P:消息的生产者
C:消息的消费者
红色:队列
生产者将消息发送到队列,消费者从队列中获取消息。
5.2.2.导入RabbitMQ的客户端依赖
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
- <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
- <version>3.4.1</version>
- </dependency>
5.2.3.获取MQ的连接
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.util;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.ConnectionFactory;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
-
- public class ConnectionUtil {
-
- public static Connection getConnection() throws Exception {
- //定义连接工厂
- ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory();
- //设置服务地址
- factory.setHost("localhost");
- //端口
- factory.setPort(5672);
- //设置账号信息,用户名、密码、vhost
- factory.setVirtualHost("testhost");
- factory.setUsername("admin");
- factory.setPassword("admin");
- // 通过工程获取连接
- Connection connection = factory.newConnection();
- return connection;
- }
- }
5.2.4.生产者发送消息到队列
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.simple;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
-
- public class Send {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "q_test_01";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- // 从连接中创建通道
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明(创建)队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 消息内容
- String message = "Hello World!";
- channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
- System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
- //关闭通道和连接
- channel.close();
- connection.close();
- }
- }
-
5.2.5.管理工具中查看消息
点击上面的队列名称,查询具体的队列中的信息:
5.2.6.消费者从队列中获取消息
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.simple;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
-
- public class Recv {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "q_test_01";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- // 从连接中创建通道
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
-
- // 监听队列
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
- }
- }
- }
-
5.3.1.图示
一个生产者、2个消费者。
一个消息只能被一个消费者获取。
5.3.2.消费者1
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.work;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- public class Recv {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- //channel.basicQos(1);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
- // 监听队列,false表示手动返回完成状态,true表示自动
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [y] Received '" + message + "'");
- //休眠
- Thread.sleep(10);
- // 返回确认状态,注释掉表示使用自动确认模式
- //channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
- }
- }
- }
-
5.3.3.消费者2
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.work;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- public class Recv2 {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- //channel.basicQos(1);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
- // 监听队列,false表示手动返回完成状态,true表示自动
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, true, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [x] Received '" + message + "'");
- // 休眠1秒
- Thread.sleep(1000);
- //下面这行注释掉表示使用自动确认模式
- //channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
- }
- }
- }
-
5.3.4.生产者
向队列中发送100条消息。
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.work;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
-
- public class Send {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {
- // 消息内容
- String message = "" + i;
- channel.basicPublish("", QUEUE_NAME, null, message.getBytes());
- System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
-
- Thread.sleep(i * 10);
- }
-
- channel.close();
- connection.close();
- }
- }
-
5.3.5.测试
测试结果:
1、消费者1和消费者2获取到的消息内容是不同的,同一个消息只能被一个消费者获取。
2、消费者1和消费者2获取到的消息的数量是相同的,一个是消费奇数号消息,一个是偶数。
其实,这样是不合理的,因为消费者1线程停顿的时间短。应该是消费者1要比消费者2获取到的消息多才对。
RabbitMQ 默认将消息顺序发送给下一个消费者,这样,每个消费者会得到相同数量的消息。即轮询(round-robin)分发消息。
怎样才能做到按照每个消费者的能力分配消息呢?联合使用 Qos 和 Acknowledge 就可以做到。
basicQos 方法设置了当前信道最大预获取(prefetch)消息数量为1。消息从队列异步推送给消费者,消费者的 ack 也是异步发送给队列,从队列的视角去看,总是会有一批消息已推送但尚未获得 ack 确认,Qos 的 prefetchCount 参数就是用来限制这批未确认消息数量的。设为1时,队列只有在收到消费者发回的上一条消息 ack 确认后,才会向该消费者发送下一条消息。prefetchCount 的默认值为0,即没有限制,队列会将所有消息尽快发给消费者。
2个概念
轮询分发 :使用任务队列的优点之一就是可以轻易的并行工作。如果我们积压了好多工作,我们可以通过增加工作者(消费者)来解决这一问题,使得系统的伸缩性更加容易。在默认情况下,RabbitMQ将逐个发送消息到在序列中的下一个消费者(而不考虑每个任务的时长等等,且是提前一次性分配,并非一个一个分配)。平均每个消费者获得相同数量的消息。这种方式分发消息机制称为Round-Robin(轮询)。
公平分发 :虽然上面的分配法方式也还行,但是有个问题就是:比如:现在有2个消费者,所有的奇数的消息都是繁忙的,而偶数则是轻松的。按照轮询的方式,奇数的任务交给了第一个消费者,所以一直在忙个不停。偶数的任务交给另一个消费者,则立即完成任务,然后闲得不行。而RabbitMQ则是不了解这些的。这是因为当消息进入队列,RabbitMQ就会分派消息。它不看消费者为应答的数目,只是盲目的将消息发给轮询指定的消费者。
为了解决这个问题,我们使用basicQos( prefetchCount = 1)方法,来限制RabbitMQ只发不超过1条的消息给同一个消费者。当消息处理完毕后,有了反馈,才会进行第二次发送。
还有一点需要注意,使用公平分发,必须关闭自动应答,改为手动应答。
打开上述代码的注释:
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- channel.basicQos(1);
- //开启这行 表示使用手动确认模式
- channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
同时改为手动确认:
- // 监听队列,false表示手动返回完成状态,true表示自动
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
测试:
消费者1比消费者2获取的消息更多。
消费者从队列中获取消息,服务端如何知道消息已经被消费呢?
模式1:自动确认
只要消息从队列中获取,无论消费者获取到消息后是否成功消息,都认为是消息已经成功消费。
模式2:手动确认
消费者从队列中获取消息后,服务器会将该消息标记为不可用状态,等待消费者的反馈,如果消费者一直没有反馈,那么该消息将一直处于不可用状态。
手动模式:
自动模式:
5.6.1.图示
解读:
1、1个生产者,多个消费者
2、每一个消费者都有自己的一个队列
3、生产者没有将消息直接发送到队列,而是发送到了交换机
4、每个队列都要绑定到交换机
5、生产者发送的消息,经过交换机,到达队列,实现,一个消息被多个消费者获取的目的
注意:一个消费者队列可以有多个消费者实例,只有其中一个消费者实例会消费
5.6.2.消息的生产者(看作是后台系统)
向交换机中发送消息。
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.subscribe;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
-
- public class Send {
-
- private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明exchange
- channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "fanout");
-
- // 消息内容
- String message = "Hello World!";
- channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "", null, message.getBytes());
- System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
-
- channel.close();
- connection.close();
- }
- }
-
注意:消息发送到没有队列绑定的交换机时,消息将丢失,因为,交换机没有存储消息的能力,消息只能存在在队列中。
5.6.3.消费者1(看作是前台系统)
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.subscribe;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- public class Recv {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work1";
-
- private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 绑定队列到交换机
- channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
-
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- channel.basicQos(1);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
- // 监听队列,手动返回完成
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [Recv] Received '" + message + "'");
- Thread.sleep(10);
-
- channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
- }
- }
- }
-
5.6.4.消费者2(看作是搜索系统)
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.subscribe;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- public class Recv2 {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_work2";
-
- private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_fanout";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 绑定队列到交换机
- channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "");
-
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- channel.basicQos(1);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
- // 监听队列,手动返回完成
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [Recv2] Received '" + message + "'");
- Thread.sleep(10);
-
- channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
- }
- }
- }
-
5.6.5.测试
测试结果:
同一个消息被多个消费者获取。一个消费者队列可以有多个消费者实例,只有其中一个消费者实例会消费到消息。
在管理工具中查看队列和交换机的绑定关系:
5.7.1.图示
5.7.2.生产者
5.7.3.消费者1(假设是前台系统)
5.7.4.消费2(假设是搜索系统)
5.8.1.图示
同一个消息被多个消费者获取。一个消费者队列可以有多个消费者实例,只有其中一个消费者实例会消费到消息。
5.8.2.生产者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- public class Send {
-
- private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明exchange
- channel.exchangeDeclare(EXCHANGE_NAME, "topic");
-
- // 消息内容
- String message = "Hello World!!";
- channel.basicPublish(EXCHANGE_NAME, "routekey.1", null, message.getBytes());
- System.out.println(" [x] Sent '" + message + "'");
-
- channel.close();
- connection.close();
- }
- }
-
5.8.3.消费者1(前台系统)
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- public class Recv {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work_1";
-
- private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 绑定队列到交换机
- channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "routekey.*");
-
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- channel.basicQos(1);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
- // 监听队列,手动返回完成
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [Recv_x] Received '" + message + "'");
- Thread.sleep(10);
-
- channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
- }
- }
- }
-
5.8.4.消费者2(搜索系统)
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import com.zpc.rabbitmq.util.ConnectionUtil;
-
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Channel;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.Connection;
- import com.rabbitmq.client.QueueingConsumer;
-
- public class Recv2 {
-
- private final static String QUEUE_NAME = "test_queue_topic_work_2";
-
- private final static String EXCHANGE_NAME = "test_exchange_topic";
-
- public static void main(String[] argv) throws Exception {
-
- // 获取到连接以及mq通道
- Connection connection = ConnectionUtil.getConnection();
- Channel channel = connection.createChannel();
-
- // 声明队列
- channel.queueDeclare(QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null);
-
- // 绑定队列到交换机
- channel.queueBind(QUEUE_NAME, EXCHANGE_NAME, "*.*");
-
- // 同一时刻服务器只会发一条消息给消费者
- channel.basicQos(1);
-
- // 定义队列的消费者
- QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel);
- // 监听队列,手动返回完成
- channel.basicConsume(QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer);
-
- // 获取消息
- while (true) {
- QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = consumer.nextDelivery();
- String message = new String(delivery.getBody());
- System.out.println(" [Recv2_x] Received '" + message + "'");
- Thread.sleep(10);
-
- channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);
- }
- }
- }
-
http://spring.io/projects
6.3.1.消费者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.spring;
-
- /**
- * 消费者
- *
- * @author Evan
- */
- public class Foo {
-
- //具体执行业务的方法
- public void listen(String foo) {
- System.out.println("\n消费者: " + foo + "\n");
- }
- }
-
6.3.2.生产者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.spring;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
- import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-
- public class SpringMain {
- public static void main(final String... args) throws Exception {
- AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
- "classpath:spring/rabbitmq-context.xml");
- //RabbitMQ模板
- RabbitTemplate template = ctx.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);
- //发送消息
- template.convertAndSend("Hello, 鸟鹏!");
- Thread.sleep(1000);// 休眠1秒
- ctx.destroy(); //容器销毁
- }
- }
-
6.3.3.配置文件
1、定义连接工厂
- <!-- 定义RabbitMQ的连接工厂 -->
- <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
- host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin"
- virtual-host="testhost" />
-
2、定义模板(可以指定交换机或队列)
- <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="fanoutExchange" />
-
3、定义队列、交换机、以及完成队列和交换机的绑定
- <!-- 定义队列,自动声明 -->
- <rabbit:queue name="zpcQueue" auto-declare="true"/>
-
- <!-- 定义交换器,把Q绑定到交换机,自动声明 -->
- <rabbit:fanout-exchange name="fanoutExchange" auto-declare="true">
- <rabbit:bindings>
- <rabbit:binding queue="zpcQueue"/>
- </rabbit:bindings>
- </rabbit:fanout-exchange>
-
4、定义监听
- <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
- <rabbit:listener ref="foo" method="listen" queue-names="zpcQueue" />
- </rabbit:listener-container>
-
- <bean id="foo" class="com.zpc.rabbitmq.spring.Foo" />
-
5、定义管理,用于管理队列、交换机等:
- <!-- MQ的管理,包括队列、交换器等 -->
- <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
-
完整配置文件rabbitmq-context.xml
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.4.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd">
-
- <!-- 定义RabbitMQ的连接工厂 -->
- <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
- host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin"
- virtual-host="testhost" />
-
- <!-- 定义Rabbit模板,指定连接工厂以及定义exchange -->
- <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="fanoutExchange" />
- <!-- <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory"
- exchange="fanoutExchange" routing-key="foo.bar" /> -->
-
- <!-- MQ的管理,包括队列、交换器等 -->
- <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
-
- <!-- 定义队列,自动声明 -->
- <rabbit:queue name="zpcQueue" auto-declare="true"/>
-
- <!-- 定义交换器,把Q绑定到交换机,自动声明 -->
- <rabbit:fanout-exchange name="fanoutExchange" auto-declare="true">
- <rabbit:bindings>
- <rabbit:binding queue="zpcQueue"/>
- </rabbit:bindings>
- </rabbit:fanout-exchange>
-
- <!-- <rabbit:topic-exchange name="myExchange">
- <rabbit:bindings>
- <rabbit:binding queue="myQueue" pattern="foo.*" />
- </rabbit:bindings>
- </rabbit:topic-exchange> -->
-
- <!-- 队列监听 -->
- <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
- <rabbit:listener ref="foo" method="listen" queue-names="zpcQueue" />
- </rabbit:listener-container>
-
- <bean id="foo" class="com.zpc.rabbitmq.spring.Foo" />
-
- </beans>
-
持久化:将交换机或队列的数据保存到磁盘,服务器宕机或重启之后依然存在。
非持久化:将交换机或队列的数据保存到内存,服务器宕机或重启之后将不存在。
非持久化的性能高于持久化。
如何选择持久化?非持久化? – 看需求。
创建三个系统A,B,C
A作为生产者,B、C作为消费者(B,C作为web项目启动)
项目下载地址:https://download.csdn.net/download/zpcandzhj/10585077
7.1.1.导入依赖
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-
- <groupId>com.zpc</groupId>
- <artifactId>myrabbitA</artifactId>
- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <packaging>jar</packaging>
- <name>myrabbit</name>
-
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
- <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
- </dependency>
-
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
- <version>1.2.47</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
- </project>
-
7.1.2.队列和交换机的绑定关系
实现:
1、在配置文件中将队列和交换机完成绑定
2、可以在管理界面中完成绑定
a)绑定关系如果发生变化,需要修改配置文件,并且服务需要重启
b)管理更加灵活
c)更容易对绑定关系的权限管理,流程管理
本例选择第2种方式
7.1.3.配置
rabbitmq-context.xml
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.4.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd">
-
- <!-- 定义RabbitMQ的连接工厂 -->
- <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
- host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin"
- virtual-host="testhost" />
-
- <!-- MQ的管理,包括队列、交换器等 -->
- <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
-
- <!-- 定义交换器,暂时不把Q绑定到交换机,在管理界面去绑定 -->
- <!--<rabbit:topic-exchange name="topicExchange" auto-declare="true" ></rabbit:topic-exchange>-->
- <rabbit:direct-exchange name="directExchange" auto-declare="true" ></rabbit:direct-exchange>
- <!--<rabbit:fanout-exchange name="fanoutExchange" auto-declare="true" ></rabbit:fanout-exchange>-->
-
- <!-- 定义Rabbit模板,指定连接工厂以及定义exchange(exchange要和上面的一致) -->
- <!--<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="topicExchange" />-->
- <rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="directExchange" />
- <!--<rabbit:template id="amqpTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" exchange="fanoutExchange" />-->
- </beans>
-
7.1.4.消息内容
方案:
1、消息内容使用对象做json序列化发送
a)数据大
b)有些数据其他人是可能用不到的
2、发送特定的业务字段,如id、操作类型
7.1.5.实现
生产者MsgSender.java:
- package com.zpc.myrabbit;
-
- import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
- import org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
- import java.util.HashMap;
- import java.util.Map;
-
-
- /**
- * 消息生产者
- */
- public class MsgSender {
- public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
- AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
- "classpath:spring/rabbitmq-context.xml");
- //RabbitMQ模板
- RabbitTemplate template = ctx.getBean(RabbitTemplate.class);
-
- String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());//24小时制
- //发送消息
- Map<String, Object> msg = new HashMap<String, Object>();
- msg.put("type", "1");
- msg.put("date", date);
- template.convertAndSend("type2", JSON.toJSONString(msg));
- Thread.sleep(1000);// 休眠1秒
- ctx.destroy(); //容器销毁
- }
- }
-
7.2.1.导入依赖
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
- <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
-
- <groupId>com.zpc</groupId>
- <artifactId>myrabbitB</artifactId>
- <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
- <packaging>war</packaging>
-
- <name>myrabbit</name>
- <properties>
- <spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version>
- <fastjson.version>1.2.46</fastjson.version>
- </properties>
-
- <dependencies>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.rabbitmq</groupId>
- <artifactId>amqp-client</artifactId>
- <version>3.4.1</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.amqp</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-rabbit</artifactId>
- <version>1.4.0.RELEASE</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
- <version>${spring.version}</version>
- </dependency>
- <dependency>
- <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
- <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
- <version>1.2.47</version>
- </dependency>
- </dependencies>
-
- <build>
- <finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName>
- <plugins>
- <!-- web层需要配置Tomcat插件 -->
- <plugin>
- <groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId>
- <artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId>
- <configuration>
- <path>/testRabbit</path>
- <uriEncoding>UTF-8</uriEncoding>
- <port>8081</port>
- </configuration>
- </plugin>
- </plugins>
- </build>
- </project>
-
7.2.2.配置
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.4.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd">
-
- <!-- 定义RabbitMQ的连接工厂 -->
- <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
- host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin"
- virtual-host="testhost" />
-
- <!-- MQ的管理,包括队列、交换器等 -->
- <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
-
- <!-- 定义B系统需要监听的队列,自动声明 -->
- <rabbit:queue name="q_topic_testB" auto-declare="true"/>
-
- <!-- 队列监听 -->
- <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
- <rabbit:listener ref="myMQlistener" method="listen" queue-names="q_topic_testB" />
- </rabbit:listener-container>
-
- <bean id="myMQlistener" class="com.zpc.myrabbit.listener.Listener" />
- </beans>
-
7.2.3.具体处理逻辑
- public class Listener {
- //具体执行业务的方法
- public void listen(String msg) {
- System.out.println("\n消费者B开始处理消息: " + msg + "\n");
- }
- }
-
7.2.4.在界面管理工具中完成绑定关系
选中定义好的交换机(exchange)
1)direct
2)fanout
3)topic
(和B系统配置差不多,无非是Q名和Q对应的处理逻辑变了)
7.3.1.配置
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:rabbit="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit-1.4.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd">
-
- <!-- 定义RabbitMQ的连接工厂 -->
- <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory"
- host="127.0.0.1" port="5672" username="admin" password="admin"
- virtual-host="testhost" />
-
- <!-- MQ的管理,包括队列、交换器等 -->
- <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />
-
- <!-- 定义C系统需要监听的队列,自动声明 -->
- <rabbit:queue name="q_topic_testC" auto-declare="true"/>
-
- <!-- 队列监听 -->
- <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory">
- <rabbit:listener ref="myMQlistener" method="listen" queue-names="q_topic_testC" />
- </rabbit:listener-container>
-
- <bean id="myMQlistener" class="com.zpc.myrabbit.listener.Listener" />
- </beans>
-
7.3.2.处理业务逻辑
- public class Listener {
-
- //具体执行业务的方法
- public void listen(String msg) {
- System.out.println("\n消费者C开始处理消息: " + msg + "\n");
- }
- }
-
7.3.3.在管理工具中绑定队列和交换机
见7.2.4
7.3.4.测试
分别启动B,C两个web应用,然后运行A的MsgSender主方法发送消息,分别测试fanout、direct、topic三种类型
1、配置pom文件,主要是添加spring-boot-starter-amqp的支持
- <dependency>
- <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
- <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqp</artifactId>
- </dependency>
-
2、配置application.properties文件
配置rabbitmq的安装地址、端口以及账户信息
- spring.application.name=spirng-boot-rabbitmq
- spring.rabbitmq.host=127.0.0.1
- spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
- spring.rabbitmq.username=admin
- spring.rabbitmq.password=admin
-
3、配置队列
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-
- @Configuration
- public class RabbitConfig {
- @Bean
- public Queue queue() {
- return new Queue("q_hello");
- }
- }
-
4、发送者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
- import java.util.Date;
-
- @Component
- public class HelloSender {
- @Autowired
- private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
-
- public void send() {
- String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());//24小时制
- String context = "hello " + date;
- System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
- //简单对列的情况下routingKey即为Q名
- this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("q_hello", context);
- }
- }
-
5、接收者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_hello")
- public class HelloReceiver {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("Receiver : " + hello);
- }
- }
-
6、测试
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq;
-
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
-
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest
- public class RabbitMqHelloTest {
-
- @Autowired
- private HelloSender helloSender;
-
- @Test
- public void hello() throws Exception {
- helloSender.send();
- }
- }
-
注册两个Receiver:
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_hello")
- public class HelloReceiver2 {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("Receiver2 : " + hello);
- }
-
- }
-
- @Test
- public void oneToMany() throws Exception {
- for (int i=0;i<100;i++){
- helloSender.send(i);
- Thread.sleep(300);
- }
- }
-
- public void send(int i) {
- String date = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss").format(new Date());//24小时制
- String context = "hello " + i + " " + date;
- System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
- //简单对列的情况下routingKey即为Q名
- this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("q_hello", context);
- }
-
首先对topic规则配置,这里使用两个队列(消费者)来演示。
1)配置队列,绑定交换机
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-
- @Configuration
- public class TopicRabbitConfig {
-
- final static String message = "q_topic_message";
- final static String messages = "q_topic_messages";
-
- @Bean
- public Queue queueMessage() {
- return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.message);
- }
-
- @Bean
- public Queue queueMessages() {
- return new Queue(TopicRabbitConfig.messages);
- }
-
- /**
- * 声明一个Topic类型的交换机
- * @return
- */
- @Bean
- TopicExchange exchange() {
- return new TopicExchange("mybootexchange");
- }
-
- /**
- * 绑定Q到交换机,并且指定routingKey
- * @param queueMessage
- * @param exchange
- * @return
- */
- @Bean
- Binding bindingExchangeMessage(Queue queueMessage, TopicExchange exchange) {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessage).to(exchange).with("topic.message");
- }
-
- @Bean
- Binding bindingExchangeMessages(Queue queueMessages, TopicExchange exchange) {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(queueMessages).to(exchange).with("topic.#");
- }
- }
-
2)创建2个消费者
q_topic_message 和q_topic_messages
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_topic_message")
- public class Receiver1 {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("Receiver1 : " + hello);
- }
- }
-
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_topic_messages")
- public class Receiver2 {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("Receiver2 : " + hello);
- }
- }
-
3)消息发送者(生产者)
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- public class MsgSender {
-
- @Autowired
- private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
-
- public void send1() {
- String context = "hi, i am message 1";
- System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
- this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("mybootexchange", "topic.message", context);
- }
-
-
- public void send2() {
- String context = "hi, i am messages 2";
- System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
- this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("mybootexchange", "topic.messages", context);
- }
- }
-
send1方法会匹配到topic.#和topic.message,两个Receiver都可以收到消息,发送send2只有topic.#可以匹配所有只有Receiver2监听到消息。
4)测试
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.topic;
-
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
-
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest
- public class RabbitTopicTest {
-
- @Autowired
- private MsgSender msgSender;
-
- @Test
- public void send1() throws Exception {
- msgSender.send1();
- }
-
- @Test
- public void send2() throws Exception {
- msgSender.send2();
- }
- }
-
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Binding;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.FanoutExchange;
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
- import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
-
- @Configuration
- public class FanoutRabbitConfig {
-
- @Bean
- public Queue aMessage() {
- return new Queue("q_fanout_A");
- }
-
- @Bean
- public Queue bMessage() {
- return new Queue("q_fanout_B");
- }
-
- @Bean
- public Queue cMessage() {
- return new Queue("q_fanout_C");
- }
-
- @Bean
- FanoutExchange fanoutExchange() {
- return new FanoutExchange("mybootfanoutExchange");
- }
-
- @Bean
- Binding bindingExchangeA(Queue aMessage, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(aMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
- }
-
- @Bean
- Binding bindingExchangeB(Queue bMessage, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(bMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
- }
-
- @Bean
- Binding bindingExchangeC(Queue cMessage, FanoutExchange fanoutExchange) {
- return BindingBuilder.bind(cMessage).to(fanoutExchange);
- }
- }
-
2)创建3个消费者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_fanout_A")
- public class ReceiverA {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("AReceiver : " + hello + "/n");
- }
- }
-
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_fanout_B")
- public class ReceiverB {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("BReceiver : " + hello + "/n");
- }
- }
-
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
- import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- @RabbitListener(queues = "q_fanout_C")
- public class ReceiverC {
-
- @RabbitHandler
- public void process(String hello) {
- System.out.println("CReceiver : " + hello + "/n");
- }
- }
-
3)生产者
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;
-
- import org.springframework.amqp.core.AmqpTemplate;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
-
- @Component
- public class MsgSenderFanout {
-
- @Autowired
- private AmqpTemplate rabbitTemplate;
-
- public void send() {
- String context = "hi, fanout msg ";
- System.out.println("Sender : " + context);
- this.rabbitTemplate.convertAndSend("mybootfanoutExchange","", context);
- }
- }
-
4)测试
- package com.zpc.rabbitmq.fanout;
-
- import org.junit.Test;
- import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
- import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
- import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
- import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;
-
- @RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
- @SpringBootTest
- public class RabbitFanoutTest {
-
- @Autowired
- private MsgSenderFanout msgSender;
-
- @Test
- public void send1() throws Exception {
- msgSender.send();
- }
- }
-
结果如下,三个消费者都收到消息:
AReceiver : hi, fanout msg
CReceiver : hi, fanout msg
BReceiver : hi, fanout msg
使用MQ实现商品数据的同步优势:
1、降低系统间耦合度
2、便于管理数据的同步(数据一致性)
推荐springCloud教程:
https://blog.csdn.net/hellozpc/article/details/83692496
推荐Springboot2.0教程:
https://blog.csdn.net/hellozpc/article/details/82531834
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