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websocket是前后端持续通信的一种机制。现在浅析一下:
这里引入了jquery.min.js,这个东西到处都是,仅此而已。
<!DOCTYPE HTML> <html> <head> <title>My WebSocket</title> <script src="../js/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> 欢迎测试websocket! </body> </br></br> <input id="name" type="text"/> <button onclick="concat()">连接</button> <br/> </br> <input id="text" type="text"/> <button onclick="send()">发送消息</button> <button onclick="closeWebSocket()">关闭连接</button> </br> <input id="person" type="text"/> <button onclick="person()">发送消息</button> <input id="personmessage" type="text"/> </br> <div id="message"> </div> </html> </body> <script type="text/javascript"> var websocket = null; function concat() { var name = document.getElementById('name').value; //判断当前浏览器是否支持WebSocket if ('WebSocket' in window) { websocket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080/websocket/" + name + ""); } else { alert('Not support websocket') } //连接发生错误的回调方法 websocket.onerror = function () { setMessageInnerHTML("socket连接失败"); }; //连接成功建立的回调方法 websocket.onopen = function (event) { setMessageInnerHTML("socket连接已打开"); } //接收到消息的回调方法 websocket.onmessage = function (event) { setMessageInnerHTML(event.data); } //连接关闭的回调方法 websocket.onclose = function () { setMessageInnerHTML("socket连接已关闭"); } //听窗口关闭事件,当窗口关闭时,主动去关闭websocket连接,防止连接还没断开就关闭窗口,server端会抛异常。 window.onbeforeunload = function () { websocket.close(); } } //将消息显示在网页上 function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML) { document.getElementById('message').innerHTML += innerHTML + "<br/>"; } //关闭连接 function closeWebSocket() { websocket.close(); } //发送消息 function send() { var message = document.getElementById('text').value; websocket.send(message); } //发送给具体某个人 function person() { var personmessage = document.getElementById("personmessage").value; var person = document.getElementById("person").value; var params = {'personmessage': personmessage, 'person': person}; var url = 'http://localhost:8080/socket/push1'; $.post(url, params, function (result) { if (result.state == 1) { //初始化表单数据 doFillFormData(result.data); } else { alert(result); } }); } </script> </html>
这个
websocket = new WebSocket(“ws://localhost:8080/websocket/” + name + “”);就是让前后端连接保持持续通信的。
①导包
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId>
</dependency>
②写配置类
package com.example.websocket.util;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;
@Configuration
public class WebSocketConfig {
@Bean
public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() {
return new ServerEndpointExporter();
}
}
③写websocket主类
package com.example.websocket.controller; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; import javax.websocket.*; import javax.websocket.server.PathParam; import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint; import java.io.IOException; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArraySet; @ServerEndpoint(value = "/websocket/{sname}") @Component public class MyWebSocket { private final static Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyWebSocket.class); //静态变量,用来记录当前在线连接数。应该把它设计成线程安全的。 private static int onlineCount = 0; //concurrent包的线程安全Set,用来存放每个客户端对应的MyWebSocket对象。 private static CopyOnWriteArraySet<MyWebSocket> webSocketSet = new CopyOnWriteArraySet<MyWebSocket>(); //与某个客户端的连接会话,需要通过它来给客户端发送数据 private Session session; private String name; /** * 连接建立成功调用的方法*/ @OnOpen public void onOpen(Session session,@PathParam("sname") String sname) { this.name=sname; this.session = session; webSocketSet.add(this); //加入set中 addOnlineCount(); //在线数加1 System.out.println("有新连接加入:"+sname+"!当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount()); try { sendMessage(sname,",连接成功,当前时间:" + new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:SS").format(new Date().getTime())); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("IO异常"); } } /** * 连接关闭调用的方法 */ @OnClose public void onClose() { webSocketSet.remove(this); //从set中删除 subOnlineCount(); //在线数减1 System.out.println("有一连接关闭!当前在线人数为" + getOnlineCount()); } /** * 收到客户端消息后调用的方法 * * @param message 客户端发送过来的消息*/ @OnMessage public void onMessage(String message, Session session,@PathParam("sname") String sname) { System.out.println("来自客户端"+name+"的消息:" + message); //群发消息 for (MyWebSocket item : webSocketSet) { try { //给等陆这机子推送 item.sendMessage(name,message); System.out.println("推送消息给:"+item.name+",消息是===》"+message); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } /** * 发生错误时调用 * */ @OnError public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) { System.out.println("发生错误"); error.printStackTrace(); } /** * 服务端给客户端发送消息 * @param message * @throws IOException */ public void sendMessage(String name,String message) throws IOException { this.session.getBasicRemote().sendText(name+"回应消息:"+message+"------------->"+"原酿我这一生不羁放在自由,那会怕有一天会跌倒"); //this.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } /** * 群发自定义消息 * */ public static void sendInfo(@PathParam("sname") String sname,String message) throws IOException { for (MyWebSocket item : webSocketSet) { try { //这里可以设定只推送给这个sid的,为null则全部推送 if(sname==null) { item.sendMessage(sname,message); System.out.println("推送消息给:"+item.name+",消息是===》"+message); }else if(item.name.equals(sname)){ item.sendMessage(sname,message); System.out.println("推送消息给:"+item.name+",消息是===》"+message); }else { log.error("此人不存在或没上线!"); continue; } } catch (IOException e) { log.error("在执行"+item+"时遇到错误!"); continue; } } } public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() { return onlineCount; } public static synchronized void addOnlineCount() { MyWebSocket.onlineCount++; } public static synchronized void subOnlineCount() { MyWebSocket.onlineCount--; } }
这样就可以实现前后端通信了,如果在代码中使用websocket,可以再写一个Controller
例如:
package com.example.websocket.controller; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody; import java.io.IOException; @Controller public class IndexController { //推送数据接口 @ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/socket/push/{sname}") public String pushToWeb(@PathVariable String sname, String message) { try { MyWebSocket.sendInfo(sname,message); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "推送失败"; } return "推送成功"+sname; } //推送数据接口 @ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/socket/push1") public String pushToWeb1(String person, String personmessage) { try { MyWebSocket.sendInfo(person,personmessage); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return "推送失败"; } return "推送成功,推送给:"+person; } }
这样就可以使用了。
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