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上次说了单体架构和微服务之前优缺点的对比,也说了zookeeper和Eureka理论上的区别,也说了Eureka高水平的架构。Eureka Server 和Eureka Client也就是消费者和生产者的的关系。
用户量比较大或者用户地理位置分布范围很广的项目,一般都会有多个机房。这个时候如果上线springCloud服务的话,我们希望一个机房内的服务优先调用同一个机房内的服务,当同一个机房的服务不可用的时候,再去调用其它机房的服务,以达到减少延时的作用。
eureka提供了region和zone两个概念来进行分区,这两个概念均来自于亚马逊的AWS:
可以简单理解为地理上的分区,比如亚洲地区,或者华北地区,再或者北京等等,没有具体大小的限制。根据项目具体的情况,可以自行合理划分region。
可以简单理解为region内的具体机房,比如说region划分为北京,然后北京有两个机房,就可以在此region之下划分出zone1,zone2两个zone。
pom 配置,加入spring cloud父POM及spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.tuling.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>04-eureka-server</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>04-eureka-server</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Edgware.SR3</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- eureka server --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka-server</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 安全模块 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
application.properties
server.port=8761
#取消向eureka server(注册中心)注册
eureka.client.register-with-eureka=false
#取消向eureka server(注册中心)获取注册信息
eureka.client.fetch-registry=false
#eureka 提供服务发现的地址
eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://idig8:777@localhost:8761/eureka
#eureka.client.service-url.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka
# 安全模块
security.basic.enabled=true
security.user.name=idig8
security.user.password=777
pom.xml
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.server.EnableEurekaServer;
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaServer
public class EurekaServerStart {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
SpringApplication.run(EurekaServerStart.class, args);
}
}
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.tuling.springcloud</groupId> <artifactId>04-microservice-order</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <packaging>jar</packaging> <name>04-microservice-order</name> <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.10.RELEASE</version> </parent> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Edgware.SR3</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <!-- eureka --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 监控和管理生产环境模块 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Spring WEB --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- Test --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <!-- 集成Mybatis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.1</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>
application.properties
spring.application.name=microservice-order server.port=8082 ## db config spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/springcloud spring.datasource.username=root spring.datasource.password=root spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver ## log logging.level.root=INFO logging.level.org.springframework.web=DEBUG logging.level.com.tuling.springcloud=DEBUG #eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://localhost:8761/eureka/ eureka.client.serviceUrl.defaultZone=http://zhangfei:777@localhost:8761/eureka eureka.instance.prefer-ip-address=true eureka.instance.instance-id=${spring.application.name}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}
controller
package com.tuling.springcloud.api; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @RestController @RequestMapping("/order") public class OrderController { private final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OrderController.class); @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; //http://localhost:8082/order/user/getById?userId=1 @RequestMapping("/user/getById") public Object getUserById(String userId) { String url = "http://localhost:8081/user/getById?id=" + userId; logger.debug("param userId : {}, request url : {}", userId, url); Object result = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, Object.class); return result; } @RequestMapping("/user/getByIdEureka") public Object getUserByIdEureka(String userId) { String url = "http://microservice-user/user/getById?id=" + userId; Object result = restTemplate.getForEntity(url, Object.class); return result; } }
启动类
package com.tuling.springcloud; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.cloud.client.discovery.EnableDiscoveryClient; import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient; @SpringBootApplication @EnableDiscoveryClient public class OrderMicroStart { public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { SpringApplication.run(OrderMicroStart.class, args); } }
按照这个思路去观看源码
PS:eureka在springcloud中充当服务注册功能,相当于dubbo+zk里面得zk,但是比zk要简单得多,zk可以做得东西太多了,包括分布式锁,分布式队列都是基于zk里面得四种节点加watch机制通过长连接来实现得,但是eureka不一样,eureka是基于HTTPrest来实现的,就是把服务的信息放到一个ConcurrentHashMap中,然后服务启动的时候去读取这个map,来把所有服务关联起来,然后服务器之间调用的时候通过信息,进行http调用。eureka包括两部分,一部分就是服务提供者(对于eureka来说就是客户端),一部分是服务端,客户端需要每个读取每个服务的信息,然后注册到服务端,很明显了,这个服务端就是接受客户端提供的自身的一些信息。
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